[9a - 38 lines; 9b - 45 lines]
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We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.
[1] Gemara 9a [line 7]:
"Aisinhu Maya" àééúéðäå îéà
see SHITAH MEKIUBETZES #1
[2] Gemara 9b [line 16]:
The words "Kesef Tzuri" ëñó öåøé
should be "Kesef Tzura" ëñó öåøä
as it appears in Rabeinu Gershom
[3] Gemara 9b [line 14]:
The words "b'Shavyo Lo ka'Amar" áùåéå ìà ÷àîø
should be "b'Shavyo Lo ka'Amrinan" áùåéå ìà ÷àîøéðï
[4] Rashi 9b DH she'Pidyono Mutar ã"ä ùôãéåðå îåúø:
The words "b'Lo Shum Hakravah" áìà ùåí ä÷øáä are the end of the Dibur; the words "v'Hu Asur" are a Dibur ha'Maschil
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1)[line 1]ëé îèé ìáé áìéòéKI MATI L'VEI BELI'EI- when he came to Bei Beli'ei, the name of a place (TOSFOS), or a maelstrom (RASHI), the waters of which "swallow up" (Beli'ei) all other waters which enter it
2)[line 1]îìà ëåæà ãîéàMILEI KUZA D'MAYA- he filled an earthenware cup with water
3)[line 3]îòðéME'ANEI- humbled, worn out
4)[line 4]à÷ùå ìàôé îìëàAKSHU L'APEI MALKA- they acted haughtily in the presence of the king
5)[line 6]úéâãàTIGDA- a) a vessel; b) a cask
6)[line 7]ùãå áéä ÷îàé ÷îàé åáìò ìäåSHADU BEI KAMA'EI KAMA'EI U'VALA LEHU- as they poured water into it, the water was swallowed up [by the waters of Bei Beli'ei]
7)[line 8]ùîéè ëúôééäåSHAMIT KESAFAIHU- their shoulders slipped out of place
8)[line 8]áìå ìäå åàæåìBALU LEHU V'AZUL- they wasted away (and died)
9)[line 20]ãéøDIR- a corral
10)[line 20]ðëðñ ìãéø ìäúòùøNICHNAS L'DIR L'HIS'ASER - [the lamb with which he redeemed the Peter Chamor] enters the corral in order for Ma'aser Behemah to be taken (MA'ASER BEHEMAH)
(a)Every year, a person must collect all of the Kosher animals that were born during that year into a corral. As they leave the corral through a narrow opening, one by one, the owner counts them and marks every tenth one as Ma'aser Behemah. The Mitzvah of Ma'aser Behemah is stated in Vayikra (27:32), "v'Chol Ma'asar Bakar va'Tzon, Kol Asher Ya'avor Tachas ha'Shavet, ha'Asiri Yiheyeh Kodesh la'Sh-m." - "And all of the herds and flocks shall be tithed as they are counted under the rod, every tenth one being consecrated to HaSh-m."
(b)Ma'aser Behemah is eaten by its owner. If it has no Mum (blemish or defect), it is offered as a Korban on the Mizbe'ach and eaten by its owner in Yerushalayim. If it has a Mum, the owner may slaughter and eat it anywhere.
11)[line 23]àôùø ìöîöíEFSHAR L'TZAMTZEM - it is possible that both babies were born simultaneously, and thus both are firstborns (EFSHAR L'TZAMTZEM)
The Tana'im argue as to whether it is possible for natural (i.e. not intentionally planned) events to occur simultaneously or not. For example, Rebbi Yosi rules that it is possible for two witnesses to voice their denial of knowledge of evidence simultaneously; while the Rabanan argue (Shevuos 32a).
9b----------------------------------------9b
12)[line 13]ôøé÷ ìéä áùéì÷é áùåéåPARIK LEI B'SHILKEI B'SHAVYO- redeemed them with thoroughly-boiled herbs which were worth the value of the Peter Chamor
13)[line 16]ëñó öåøéCHESEF (TZURI) [TZURAH]- minted coins
14)[line 37]ùåøê" å"öàðê" ìîä ìé?""SHORECHA" V"TZONECHA" LAMAH LI?- why does the verse say "your ox" and your [flock of] sheep"? (Devarim 15:19)
15)[line 39]òâìä òøåôäEGLAH ARUFAH (EGLAH ARUFAH)
(a)If a Jew is found murdered in a field (in Eretz Yisrael) and it is not known who the murderer is, the Torah requires that an Eglah Arufah be brought in order to atone for the blood that was spilled (Devarim 21:1). The procedure is as follows:
(b)Five elders (according to the opinion of Rebbi Yehudah, which is the Halachah) of the Beis Din of the Lishkas ha'Gazis (the Jewish Supreme Court) measure the distance between the dead body and the cities around it to determine which city is closest to it.
(c)The elders of the city that is closest to the corpse must bring a female calf that has never been worked (see Background to Bava Metzia 30:12:b) to a Nachal Eisan (a swiftly flowing stream - RAMBAM Hilchos Rotze'ach 9:2; a valley with tough soil - RASHI). They strike it on the back of its neck (Arifah) with a cleaver, severing its spinal column, gullet and windpipe. This calf is the "Eglah Arufah" and becomes Asur b'Hana'ah.
(d)The elders of the closest city then wash their hands there and say, "Our hands have not spilled this blood, and our eyes did not see [the murder]" (Devarim 21:7). This includes a proclamation that the dead man was not sent away from the city without the proper food for his journey or the proper accompaniment. The Kohanim that are present say, "Atone for Your people Yisrael whom You have redeemed, HaSh-m, and do not place [the guilt for] innocent blood in the midst of Your people, Yisrael" (ibid. 21:8). After this procedure, HaSh-m will grant atonement for the innocent blood that was spilled (RAMBAM Hilchos Rotze'ach 9:3).
(e)The calf that is used as the Eglah Arufah must be fully healthy and cannot be a Tereifah, as the Gemara derives from the verse (Devarim 21:6; see TOSFOS DH ha'Arufah). (See next entry.)
16)[line 40]ùåø äðñ÷ìSHOR HA'NISKAL
(a)The term Shor ha'Niskal refers to any animal or bird that is stoned to death by Beis Din. Such an animal is Asur b'Hana'ah after the death sentence is issued. There are three instances of a Shor ha'Niskal:
1.An animal that killed a person, as described in Shemos 21:28-31 and in Sanhedrin 2a.
2.A Rove'a or a Nirba, animals that had relations with a human, as described in Vayikra 20:15-16 and in Sanhedrin 2a. These animals are put to death so that they should not cause other people to sin in a similar manner, and in order not to cause disgrace to the sinner by reminding all who see these animals of the sin that was done with them (Sanhedrin 54a).
3.At the time that the Torah was given, Har Sinai was off limits to all people (except for Moshe Rabeinu A"H) and even to animals and birds. Any animal or bird who stepped on the mountain was to be stoned, as described in Shemos 19:13 and in Sanhedrin 15b. This only applied during the year that the Torah was given; it does not apply today.
(b)In the above-mentioned situations of Shor ha'Niskal, only if two witnesses saw the act is the animal stoned by Beis Din and Asur b'Hana'ah. If only one witness saw it, or if there were no witnesses but the owner told Beis Din of the incident, the animal is not stoned and is Mutar b'Hana'ah but is unfit to be brought as a Korban.
17)[line 40]öéôåøé îöåøòTZIPOREI METZORA (TAHARAS METZORA - The Process through which a Metzora Becomes Tahor)
(a)On the day that a Metzora is healed from his Tzara'as, he takes two Kosher birds (Tziporei Metzora), a piece of cedar, some crimson wool and a hyssop branch. One of the birds is slaughtered over fresh spring water in a new clay bowl. A Kohen dips the other bird, along with the other articles, into the spring water that is mixed with the blood and sprinkles it seven times on the Metzora. The living bird is sent away towards the fields. Both birds are Asur b'Hana'ah, but the Isur is removed from the living bird after it is sent off to the fields.
(b)The Metzora next shaves with a razor all places on his body that have a collection of hair and that are exposed, and immerses in a Mikvah. He is now considered Tahor to the extent that he may enter a settlement, but marital relations are forbidden (Moed Katan 7b). He then counts seven days (Yemei Sefiro), and on the seventh day he once more shaves and immerses. He is then completely Tahor but is still a Mechusar Kaparah (see Background to Shevuos 11:7). (For a description of the Korbanos that a Metzora brings on the eighth day, see Background to Kidushin 35:24c-e.)
18)[line 44]àåëì ùàúä éëåì ìäàëéìå ìàçøéíOCHEL SHE'ATAH YACHOL L'HA'ACHILO L'ACHERIM- food that you are permitted to feed to others (Nochrim). (This excludes everything that is Asur b'Hana'ah since, although the Nochri may eat it of his own accord, one may not feed it to a Nochri.)