1)

(a)According to Rav Yitzchak, an egg that is laid on Yom-Tov is forbidden because it is similar to liquid that dripped from grapes, which Chazal forbade - because one might come to squeeze them for their juice.

(b)An egg that was laid on Yom-Tov is not a Gezeirah li'Gezeirah - because it was all part of the same Gezeirah, as we explained above.

2)

(a)The three other Amora'im decline to answer like Rav Nachman, because of the Kashya that we asked on the previous Amud (why do they not argue by the case of a chicken, too); they decline to answer like Rabah, because they disagree with his Chidush of Muktzeh d'Oraisa.

1. ... Rav Yosef ('Peiros ha'Noshrin') declines to learn like Rav Yitzchak ('Mashkin she'Zavu') - because he considers an egg (which is a food) to be more comparable to fruit that fell from a tree (which is also a food), than to liquid that dripped from grapes, which is not.

2. ... Rav Yitzchak declines to learn like Rav Yosef - because he considers an egg to be more comparable to liquid that dripped from fruits, seeing as both are contained inside something else, than to fruit that fell from a tree, which is open.

3)

(a)The Tana Kama of a Beraisa forbids all liquid that drips from a solid on Shabbos and Yom-Tov. Rebbi Yehudah agrees with him as long as the liquid is required as liquid, but one may squeeze it into a solid.

(b)Rebbi Yehudah says, with regard to the two days of Rosh Hashanah, that if one has ...

1. ... a basket of un'Ma'asered fruit on the first day, he can Ma'aser it on the first day, conditional to the fact that it is not Yom-Tov, and after doing the same on the second day, he may eat it (since, either his Ma'aser was valid on the first day, or it is valid on the second).

2. ... an egg that was laid on the first day - he may eat it on the second.

(c)We can certainly infer from Rebbi Yehudah's words that the egg is Asur on the first day of Rosh Hashanah - which clashes with what we learned in a. (that liquid that flows from a solid to combine with a solid is permitted - because it is 'Uchla d'Efras').

(d)Since Rebbi Yochanan asks from Rebbi Yehudah by an egg that was laid on Yom-Tov to liquid that dripped from fruit, it is clear that, in his opinion, the egg is forbidden because of liquid that dripped (like Rav Yitzchak).

4)

(a)Rebbi Yochanan reconciles the two statements of Rebbi Yehudah - by switching the opinions of Rebbi Yehudah (who will now forbid the liquid that dripped - even if he needed it as a solid) and the Tana Kama, who will now permit it, as long as he intended it to use it as a solid.

(b)Ravina disagrees with Rebbi Yochanan's answer. According to him - Rebbi Yehudah (in the second Beraisa) permits the egg even on the first day (because of 'Uchla d'Efras'), and he was suggesting that the Rabanan should at least agree with him that the egg ought to be permitted on the second day, seeing as the two days Rosh Hashanah have two Kedushos, to which they replied that they only have one Kedushah, and are therefore forbidden.

(c)The egg will not be forbidden on the first day because of 'Mashkin she'Zavu' - because Ravina argues with Rebbi Yochanan in this very point: according to him, an egg that is laid on Yom-Tov is not Asur because of liquid that dripped from a fruit, but for one of the other three reasons that we learned above.

(d)The basis of the Machlokes between Rebbi Yehudah and the Rabanan, according to Ravina - is whether Rosh Hashanah has the same Din as other Yamim-Tovim, where the two days have two Kedushos, or not.

5)

(a)Both Rebbi Yochanan and Ravina established the Beraisa (of 'Beitzah she'Noldah ba'Rishon') by a chicken that was designated to be eaten. According to Ravina brei d'Rav Ula - Rebbi Yehudah is talking about a chicken that is designated to lay eggs, and the reason that he forbids the egg on the first day is because he is the one who holds of Muktzeh throughout Shas.

6)

(a)In yet another Beraisa, the Tana renders an egg that was laid on Shabbos or Yom-Tov, Muktzeh. One might use a raw egg as a bottle-stopper or to support a bed with its pointed end upwards (when it is virtually unbreakable).

(b)One may however, protect the egg by covering it with an overturned dish - in spite of Rav Yitzchak, who forbids picking up any vessel to use for something which is Muktzeh. As for Rav Yitzchak, he will establish this Beraisa, when he initially picked up the dish because he needed the space on which it was lying.

7)

(a)Even if the Safek egg became mixed up in a thousand eggs - it will remain Asur.

(b)We initially think that 'u'Sefeika Asurah' means - that we are not sure whether it was laid on Yom-Tov or on a weekday.

(c)But surely according to Rav Yosef and Rav Yitzchak - where the entire Isur is no more than a Rabbinical decree, this is a Safek d'Rabanan, and we have a principle 'Safek d'Rabanan, l'Kula'. If so, why does the Tana of the Beraisa forbid the egg even by a Safek? This is not a Kashya on Rabah, in whose opinion, the egg is Muktzeh d'*Oraisa*.

8)

(a)We establish the Seifa (of 'u'Sefeika Asurah') by Safek Treifah, which makes it a Safek d'Oraisa. But in that case, we ask, why does the Beraisa go on to forbid the egg even if it became mixed with a thousand other eggs? Why should it not become Batel?!

(b)This is not a problem according to our initial interpretation of the Beraisa (that the Tana is referring to a Safek whether it was laid on Yom-Tov) - because as long as we are speaking of a Safek Yom-Tov, we will apply the principle that 'Davar she'Yesh Lo Matirin does not become Batel' (mid'Rabanan).

(c)We try to explain that the egg is not Batel, because of its importance - which is the opinion of Rebbi Meir.

(d)This explanation however, will only hold water according to those who have the text (of the things that are not Batel, according to Rebbi Meir) 'Kol she'Darko Limanos' (which refers to anything - including eggs - that some people make a point of counting in numbers). But those who have the text 'Es she'Darko Limanos' (meaning only those things that everyone sells by number exclusively), this cannot be said of eggs, which are sometimes sold in unspecified batches.

9)

(a)For Kil'ei ha'Kerem to become Batel - two hundred of Heter are required.

(b)Nevertheless, Rebbi Meir, in the Mishnah in Orlah, maintains that bundles of Tilsan (a kind of legume known as fenugreek) of Kil'ei ha'Kerem are not Batel in two hundred - because this is a commodity that one tends to sell in numbers.

(c)According to the Chachamim - everything can become Batel, with the exception of six things (which we will now list).

10)

(a)According to the Chachamim, the only six 'fruits' that do not become Batel are nuts from Perech (some say coconuts), pomegranates from Baden, sealed barrels of wine, young mangold (a type of beet)-shoots, cabbages of Eretz Yisrael (which used to grow to the size of a tree) and a Greek gourd.

(b)Of these, Orlah does not apply to - young mangold-shoots, cabbages of Eretz Yisrael (a Greek gourd - Rabeinu Chananel. It is unclear why Rashi omits this case), and the loaves of a Ba'al ha'Bayis.

11)

(a)Rebbi Yochanan learns in Rebbi Meir 'es she'Darko Limenos' - Resh Lakish, 'Kol she'Darko Limanos'.

(b)Rebbi Yochanan establishes the Tana of the Beraisa above (who forbids an egg which is a Safek Treifah that became mixed even with a thousand eggs) - as being the Tana of Litra Ketzi'os (Rebbi Yehoshua according to Rebbi Yehudah), whom we shall now proceed to explain.

12)

(a)Terumah requires one hundred of Chulin in order to become Batel.

(b)If someone pressed a litra of figs of Terumah in one of many barrels, and doesn't know on top of which barrel that litra is, Rebbi Eliezer and Rebbi Yehoshua argue over when, and even whether, it becomes Batel. According to Rebbi Meir, Rebbi Eliezer includes the entire contents of the barrels to make up the hundred that renders the one litra Batel (even though he knows for sure that the litra concerned is on top of the barrel). Rebbi Eliezer's leniency is based on the fact that - the Terumah of fruit (except for wine and oil) is purely mid'Rabanan. According to Rebbi Yehoshua however - we will require a hundred tops of barrels (besides the one which is Asur) for the Isur to become Batel (because, in his opinion, figs that are not part of the Safek, cannot be included in the figs of Heter that render Batel the figs of Isur - even by Terumah d'Rabanan).

(c)In Rebbi Yehudah's opinion, Rebbi Eliezer holds like Rebbi Yehoshua according to Rebbi Meir. Rebbi Yehoshua says that - even if there were three hundred tops of barrels, the figs would not become Batel - since the tops of the barrels are normally counted, and whatever is counted (a Davar she'ba'Minyan) does not become Batel.

(d)Rebbi Yehoshua will agree that the litra of pressed figs will become Batel - if the Terumah figs that he pressed did not cover the entire mouth of the barrel, only part of the area, and he does not know which part, because then, it is not a Davar she'ba'Minyan.