(a)The first items on the Mishnah's list of all the different types of blood that are subject to Kareis/Chatas are the blood of the Shechitah of a Beheimah, Chayah and Of. What if the animal is of a non-Kasher species?
(b)The Tana continues with Dam Nechirah and Dam Ikur. What is 'Dam ...
1. ... Nechirah'?
2. ... Ikur'?
(c)The final item on the Tana's list is Dam Hakazah she'ha'Nefesh Yotz'ah bo (See Tosfos Yom Tov). What is 'Dam Hakazah'?
(d)Initially, the blood emerges without spurting, then it spurts and finally it ends in a trickle. Which of these stages is considered 'Dam she'ha'Nefesh Yotz'ah bo'?
1)
(a)The first items on the Mishnah's list of all the different types of blood that are subject to Kareis/Chatas are the blood of the Shechitah of a Beheimah, Chayah or Of (See Tosfos Yom Tov) - even if they are of a non-Kasher species (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)The Tana continues with 'Dam ...
1. ... Nechirah' - the blood of an animal that has been torn open (See Tosfos Yom Tov), and 'Dam ...
2. ... Ikur' - whose Simanim have been pulled out (Ibid.).
(c)The final item on the Tana's list is Dam Hakazah she'ha'Nefesh Yotz'ah bo (See Tosfos Yom Tov). 'Dam Hakazah' is - the blood of a sick animal that has been let.
(d)Initially, the blood emerges without spurting, then it spurts and finally it ends in a trickle (See also Tosfos Yom Tov). It is - the middle stage that is considered 'Dam she'ha'Nefesh Yotz'ah bo'.
2)
(a)The first three items on the Mishnah's next list are Dam ha'Techol (See Tosfos Yom Tov), Dam ha'Leiv and Dam Beitzim. What is the T'chol?
(b)On what condition is blood that is found in the heart subject to Kareis?
(c)How much blood does one need to drink in order to be Chayav?
(d)Some commentaries translate Dam Beitzim as blood of the Beitzim of a male animal. How do others translate it?
2)
(a)The first three items on the Mishnah's next list are Dam ha'Techol (See Tosfos Yom Tov), Dam ha'Leiv and Dam Beitzim. 'T'chol' is the spleen.
(b)The blood that pours into the heart - after the animal has been Shechted - is subject to Kareis.
(c)In order to be Chayav, one needs to drink - a k'Zayis of blood.
(d)Some commentaries translate Dam Beitzim as blood of the Beitzim of a male animal, others, as - a blood-spot that one finds in eggs.
3)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about someone who drinks the blood of fish or of locusts?
(b)The final item on the current list is Dam ha'Tamtzis, according to the Tana Kama. What is 'Dam ha'Tamtzis'?
(c)What does the Tana Kama learn from the Pasuk in Acharei-Mos "Ki Nefesh Kol Basar Damo be'Nafsho hu, Kol Ochlav Yikareis"?
(d)What does Rebbi Yehudah say?
(e)What is the Halachah regarding the blood ...
1. ... spot that one finds in an egg?
2. ... of Sheratzim?
3. ... of fish and locusts?
3)
(a)The Mishnah rules that someone who drinks the blood of fish or of locusts - is Patur from Kareis (but subject to Malkos).
(b)The final item on the current list is 'Dam ha'Tamtzis' - blood that one squeezes from an animal, according to the Tana Kama (See Tiferes Yisrael) ...
(c)... who learns from the Pasuk in Acharei-Mos "Ki Nefesh Kol Basar Damo be'Nafsho hu, Kol Ochlav Yikareis" - that only Dam ha'Nefesh is subject to Kareis.
(d)According to Rebbi Yehudah - one is Chayav for drinking Dam ha'Tamtzis (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(e)The blood ...
1. ... spot that one finds in an egg - is Asur mi'de'Rabbanan.
2. ... of Sheratzim - is Asur on account of Sheraztim (and not on account of Sheratzim).
3. ... of fish and locusts - is permitted, provided it contains some scales (because of Mar'is ha'Ayin).
Mishnah 2
4)
(a)Rebbi Akiva obligates someone who transgresses a Safek Me'ilos to bring an Asham Taluy. What is a 'Safek Me'ilos'?
(b)What do the Chachamim say?
(c)How do they learn it from the Gezeirah-Shavah "Mitzvos" (by Chatas) "Mitzvos" (by Asham Me'ilos).
(d)What does Rebbi Akiva concede with regard to paying the Me'ilah-money?
(e)What does he then bring together with it?
4)
(a)Rebbi Akiva obligates someone who transgresses a Safek Me'ilos - if he is not sure as to whether he benefited from Hekdesh or not, to bring an Asham Taluy.
(b)The Chachamim - declare him Patur.
(c)They learn it from the Gezeirah-Shavah "Mitzvos" (by Chatas) "Mitzvos" (by Asham Me'ilos) - which teaches us that one only brings an Asham Taluy for a sin whose Vaday requires a Chatas (whereas someone who is Mo'el on Hekdesh brings an Asham).
(d)Rebbi Akiva concedes however, that - he is not Chayav to pay the Me'ilah-money until he knows for sure that he was Mo'el ...
(e)... in which case, he brings together with it - an Asham Me'ilos.
5)
(a)What objection does Rebbi Tarfon raise to the previous ruling?
(b)When does he therefore ...
1. ... pay his Me'ilah-money (plus a fifth)?
2. ... bring his Asham Me'ilos?
(c)And what does he stipulate after he has paid the Me'ilah-money?
(d)On what basis can he be Yotzei the Asham Vaday and the Asham Taluy with the same animal?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
5)
(a)Rebbi Tarfon objects to the previous ruling - because why should the sinner bring two Ashamos for the same sin?
(b)He therefore ...
1. ... pays his Me'ilah-money (plus a fifth) and ...
2. ... brings his Asham Me'ilos (See Tiferes Yisrael, 16) - immediately.
(c)Ater he has paid the Me'ilah-money, he stipulates - that should it become known that he sinned, then this is his Me'ilah-money and this is his Asham; whereas if the Safek remains, then the money is a Nedavah and the animal, an Asham Taluy.
(d)He can be Yotzei the Asham Vaday and the Asham Taluy with the same animal - since both are rams that are worth two Sela'im (See also Tosfos Yom Tov & Tiferes Yisrael).
(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 3
6)
(a)In the current Machlokes between Rebbi Tarfon and Rebbi Akiva, what did the latter comment to the former with regard to the size of the Me'ilah and a large one?
(b)What does he rule in a case of a small Me'ilah?
6)
(a)In the current Machlokes between Rebbi Tarfon and Rebbi Akiva, the latter commented to the former - that it was worth the Mo'el's while to follow his (Rebbi Tarfon's) instructions if the Me'ilah was a small one, but that if it was a large one (a hundred Manah), surely it would be better for him to bring an Asham Taluy first (like the Chachamim).
(b)In fact - he concedes to Rebbi Tarfon in the case of a small Me'ilah.
7)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses the case of a woman who gives birth to a Safek V'lad. Which two Korbanos is a Yoledes obligated to bring?
(b)In the case of Safek, what does the woman who do concerning ...
1. ... the lamb for an Oleh?
2. ... the bird for her Chatas?
(c)Why is she not required to stipulate on the latter?
7)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses the case of a woman who gives birth to a Safek V'lad, who is Chayav to bring - a lamb for an Oleh and a bird (a Tor or a ben Yonah) for a Chatas.
(b)In the case of Safek, she brings ...
1. ... the lamb for an Oleh - and stipulates that if the baby was not a V'lad, then it is a Nedavah.
2. ... the bird for her Chatas - without any condition ...
(c)... since a Chatas ha'Of is brought even on a Safek (though it is not eaten).
8)
(a)At which point does the Safek Chatas become a Vaday should the Yoledes discover that the baby was a V'lad?
(b)On what grounds is this possible?
(c)What are the ramifications of the switch to a Vaday?
8)
(a)The Safek Chatas become a Vaday if she discovers that the baby was a V'lad - before the Melikah has been performed.
(b)This is possible - because the Korban for a Safek and for a Vaday are one and the same.
(c)Once the bird becomes a Vaday Chatas - it can be eaten by the Kohen.
Mishnah 4
9)
(a)Which Korban does Rebbi Akiva obligate someone to bring if he eats one of two pieces of meat that are placed in front of him, one Chulin, the other, Kodesh, and he doesn't know which one he ate?
(b)On which principle of his is this ruling based?
(c)What does he say in a case where ....
1. ... the same person eats the second piece as well?
2. ... someone else eats the second piece?
(d)What do the Chachamim say about the latter case?
9)
(a)Rebbi Akiva obligates someone who eats one of two pieces of meat that are placed in front of him, one Chulin, the other, Kodesh, and he doesn't know which one he ate, to bring - an Asham Taluy.
(b)This ruling is based on his principle - that one brings an Asham Taluy on Safek Me'ilos (even though the Korban is an Asham and not a Chatas, as we learned earlier in the Perek).
(c)In a case where ....
1. ... the same person eats the second piece as well - he obligates him to bring an Asham Me'ilos, whereas if ...
2. ... someone else eats the second piece - each of them must bring an Asham Taluy (See Tif'eres Yisrael).
(d)According to the Chachamim of Rebbi Akiva, in the latter case - both of them are Patur (See Mishnah 2).
10)
(a)According to Rebbi Shimon, the two people in the latter case bring one Korban between them. What must they stipulate?
(b)On what grounds does Rebbi Yossi disagree with Rebbi Shimon?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
10)
(a)According to Rebbi Shimon, the two people in the latter case bring one Korban between them. Each one must stipulate that - if he (the other one) is the one who ate Kodesh then he is Mochel his portion in the Korban.
(b)Rebbi Yossi disagrees with Rebbi Shimon - because he holds that one cannot make such a condition on a Korban (See Tosfos Yom Tov), and he holds either like Rebbi Akiva or like the Chachamim.
(c)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
Mishnah 5
11)
(a)Now the Mishnah discusses a case where someone eats one of two pieces of meat that are placed in front of him, one Chulin (Shuman), the other, Cheilev and he doesn't know which one he ate. What does the Tana obligate him to bring ...
1. ... if he does not eat the second piece?
2. ... if he does?
(b)In a case where someone else eats the second piece, what does ...
1. ... Rebbi Akiva say?
2. ... Rebbi Shimon say?
(c)What can we extrapolate from Rebbi Yossi, who disagrees with Rebbi Shimon?
(d)Seeing as this is synonymous with the opinion of the Tana Kama, why does the Mishnah see fit to mention Rebbi Yossi?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
11)
(a)Now the Mishnah discusses a case where someone eats one of two pieces of meat that are placed in front of him, one Chulin (Shuman), the other, Cheilev and he doesn't know which one he ate. The Tana obligate him to bring ...
1. ... if he does not eat the second piece - an Asham Taluy.
2. ... if he does - a Chatas.
(b)In a case where someone else eats the second piece ...
1. ... Rebbi Akiva - obligates them both to bring an Asham Taluy.
2. ... Rebbi Shimon permits them to bring one Chatas between them (and to stipulate, as he did regarding an Asham Me'ilos in the previous Mishnah).
(c)From Rebbi Yossi, who disagrees with Rebbi Shimon, we can extrapolate - that each one must bring an Asham Taluy.
(d)The Mishnah sees fit to mention Rebbi Yossi - to teach us that the Tana Kama is, in fact, Rebbi Yossi (expressing the opinion of Rebbi Akiva [See also Meleches Sh'lomoh DH 'Divrei Rebbi Akiva').
(e)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Yossi.
Mishnah 6
12)
(a)The Mishnah now deals with a similar case but where one of the pieces was Cheilav and the other, Kodesh. Why will even the Rabbanan, who exempt a person from an Asham Taluy in the case of Safek Asham Me'ilos (in Mishnah 2) concede here that he brings an Asham Taluy?
(b)What will be the Din in the event that ...
1. ... the same person eats the second piece?
2. ... somebody else eats the second piece?
12)
(a)The Mishnah now deals with a similar case but where one of the pieces was Cheilav and the other, Kodesh. Even the Rabbanan, who exempt a person from an Asham Taluy in the case of Safek Asham Me'ilos (in Mishnah 2) concede here that he brings an Asham Taluy - on account of the piece of Cheilev (which is subject to a Chatas, and not an Asham [See also Tosfos Yom Tov]).
(b)In the event that ...
1. ... the same person eats the second piece - he will have to bring a Chatas and an Asham Me'ilos.
2. ... somebody else eats the second piece - they will each have to bring an Asham Taluy.
13)
(a)What does Rebbi Shimon say?
(b)What does each one stipulate?
(c)What does Rebbi Yossi say?
(d)His opinion is synonymous with that of the Tana Kama (as we explained earlier. Like whom is the Halachah?
13)
(a)Rebbi Shimon says that - they bring a Chatas and an Asham between them.
(b)Each one stipulates that - if he ate the Cheilev then he is Mochel his portion in the Asham to his friend, whereas if he ate the Kodesh then he is Mochel his portion in the Chatas to him.
(c)Rebbi Yossi maintains - that two people cannot bring a Chatas and an Asham between (and that they must therefore each bring an Asham Taluy.
(d)His opinion is synonymous with that of the Tana Kama, and the Halachah is - like him.
Mishnah 7
14)
(a)What does the Tana Kama obligate a person to bring if the pieces, one of which he eats, are Cheilev of Chulin and Cheilev of Kodesh?
(b)Which additional Korban does Rebbi Akiva obligate him to bring?
(c)Why is that?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
14)
(a)If the pieces, one of which a person eats, are Cheilev of Chulin and Cheilev of Kodesh, the Tana Kama obligates him to bring - a Chatas (for the Cheilev).
(b)Rebbi Akiva obligates him to bring - an Asham Taluy (for the Cheilev of Kodesh) as well ...
(c)... on account of Safek Me'ilos.
(d)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
15)
(a)What does the Tana say in the event that he eats the second one as well?
(b)Why a Chatas and an Asham?
(c)On what condition does he bring two Chata'os?
15)
(a)In the event that he eats the second one as well - the Tana obligates him to bring two Chata'os and an Asham Me'ilos ...
(b)... the Chatas for the Cheilev and the Asham for the Kodesh.
(c)He only brings two Chata'os however - if he ate the two pieces in two Ha'alamos (if there was a Yedi'ah in between).
16)
(a)According to the Tana Kama, if somebody else eats the second piece, each one must bring a Chatas. What does Rebbi Akiva say?
(b)What does Rebbi Shimon say about the Asham Taluy?
(c)What does Rebbi Yossi hold?
(d)With which Tana does he concur?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
16)
(a)According to the Tana Kama, if somebody else eats the second piece, each one must bring a Chatas. Rebbi Akiva - obligates each of them to bring an Asham Taluy as well (as we learned in Mishnah 4).
(b)Rebbi Shimon - permits them to bring an Asham Taluy between them (Ibid.).
(c)Rebbi Yossi maintains - that two people cannot bring a joint Asham Taluy (Ibid.).
(d)He concurs with (in fact, he is) - the Tana Kama (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 8
17)
(a)The Tana now discusses a similar case to the previous one, but where the second piece was not just Kodesh, but Nosar as well. What is the difference between someone who eats Kodesh and someone who eats Nosar, be'Shogeg?
(b)What does the Mishnah therefore rule in a case where he ate one of the two pieces?
(c)On what grounds does the Isur of Nosar take effect on that of Cheilev?
(d)What if he then eats the second piece, assuming there was ...
1. ... a Yedi'ah in between?
2. ... no Yedi'ah?
(e)Why does the Tana not add an Asham Vaday (like in the previous Mishnah)?
17)
(a)The Tana now discusses a similar case to the previous one, but where the second piece was not just Kodesh, but Nosar as well. The difference between someone who eats Kodesh be'Shogeg and someone who eats Nosar is that - whereas the former is Chayav to bring an Asham Me'ilos, the latter needs to bring a Chatas.
(b)In a case where he ate one of the two pieces, the Mishnah therefore rules that - he must bring a Chatas (for the Cheilev) and an Asham Taluy (for the Nosar).
(c)The Isur of Nosar take effect on that of Cheilev - because it is an Isur Mosif (See Tiferes Yisrael).
(d)If he then eats the second piece assuming there was ...
1. ... a Yedi'ah in between - he must bring three Chata'os.
2. ... no Yedi'ah - he brings two Chata'os ...
(e)The Tana does not add an Asham Vaday (like in the previous Mishnah) - because Nosar is generally not worth a P'rutah, and does not therefore warrant an Asham Me'ilos (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
18)
(a)What does the Tana Kama obligate them to bring should a second person eats the second piece?
(b)Rebbi Shimon agrees that each one brings a Chatas. What about the Asham Taluy?
18)
(a)Should a second person eat the second piece, the Tana Kama obligates each one to bring - a Chatas and an Asham Taluy.
(b)Rebbi Shimon agrees that each one brings a Chatas - but not an Asham Taluy, since he permits them to bring a Chatas between them and to stipulate (as he did earlier with regard to the Asham [See Meleches Sh'lomoh]).
19)
(a)On what grounds does Rebbi Yossi disagree with Rebbi Shimon?
(b)Which Chatas does he preclude when he says 'Kol Chatas she'Ba'ah al Chet'? Which Chatas does not come because of a sin?
(c)What will he therefore say in a case where one of two Yoldos need to bring a Chatas and we don't know which one?
(d)What is the Halachah?
19)
(a)Rebbi Yossi disagrees with Rebbi Shimon - because, he says, two people cannot bring one Chatas if it is brought on account of a sin ...
(b)... to preclude the Chatas - of a Yoledes (which comes as a Kaparah [See Tiferes Yisrael]).
(c)Consequently, he holds that, if two Yoldos need to bring a Chatas and we don't know which one - they bring a Chatas between them and stipulate (as we learned in the first Perek).
(d)The Halachah however is that - two people cannot bring a Chatas between them, even if they are Mechusrei Kaparah.
