REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
Just as Moshe Rabeinu taught for free so too we must teach Torah for free.
Rav says that a teacher of Mikra may take wages for babysitting and Rebbi Yochanan says that he may take wages for teaching the Pisuk Ta'amim (Cantillation marks). (1)
If someone vows that he will not benefit from his friend, the friend may not teach him Mikra but he may teach his children Mikra. (2)
Children shall not be taught new Pesukim on Shabbos, unless they learned them at least one time previously. (3)
If someone hires a guard to watch something on Shabbos he may not take wages and therefore if he is negligent he is Patur. (4)
If a guard is hired for a period of a week or a month including Shabbosos he may take wages for Shabbos and therefore if he is negligent he is Chayav. (5)
Shmuel says a change in one's normal eating habits may cause one to start feeling ill.
It is a Machlokes between Rav and Rebbi Yochanan whether Pisuk Ta'amim are mid'Oraisa. (6)
Rebbi Yitzchak says that Mikra Sofrim, Itur Sofrim, Kri and Kesiv are Halachah l'Moshe mi'Sinai.
A BIT MORE
1. The difference between these two reasons is whether it is permitted to take wages for teaching a person over Bar Mitzvah. According to Rav it is forbidden because a Gadol does not require babysitting and according to Rebbi Yochanan it is permitted.
2. He may not teach him Mikra because it is permitted to take wages for teaching Mikra and if he forfeits the wages he is providing him with a benefit.
3. Because the children are busy having Oneg Shabbos with their fathers. Alternatively, the reason is that they are not up to learning new things on Shabbos because they eat more than the usual on Shabbos.
4. It is forbidden mid'Rabanan to take wages for work that is done on Shabbos.
5. Since he is taking the money for Shabbos along with the money for the rest of the week it is permitted to take wages for the work that was done on Shabbos.
6. According to Rav it is mid'Oraisa and therefore it is forbidden for a teacher to take wages for teaching it to his students. Rebbi Yochanan holds it is mid'Rabanan and therefore it is permitted for the teacher to take wages.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
WAGES FOR TEACHING TORAH
It is forbidden for a teacher of Midrash to take wages. The Ritva says that only wages for the actual teaching are forbidden, however it is permitted to take wages for compensation for being idle from work. The Gemara says in Kesuvos that the Dayanim were given wages from the Lishkas ha'Gazis because it is permitted to take compensation for not being able to work.
QUICK HALACHAH
TEACHING TORAH FOR FREE
In a place that the Minhag is to take wages for teaching the Written Torah it is permitted to take wages, however it is forbidden to take wages for teaching the Oral Torah. If the student cannot find anyone to teach him for free he should pay someone to teach him, but he should not say that just like he was forced to pay someone to teach himself so too he will take money for teaching Torah; he should teach for free even though he was forced to pay someone to teach him. (Shulchan Aruch YD 246:5)
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