REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. It is forbidden to help a Yisrael harvest or press grapes, if it is being done b'Tum'ah.
2. One is permitted to help a Nochri harvest grapes and place them in the press, according to the Tana who maintains that one is permitted to cause Tum'ah to Chulin.
3. According to the Tana Kama, the Gemar Melachah of wine for Ma'aser is when it flows into the storage pit and the sediment rises to the top. According to Rebbi Akiva, the Gemar Melachah is when it is siphoned from the pit into barrels.
4. If a Nochri touches wine in the storage pit, it is Yayin Nesech but the wine in the press remains Kosher.
5. If the basket in front of the storage pit is placed in the wine press after a Nochri touches the wine in the storage pit, all the wine in the press becomes forbidden.
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A BIT MORE
1. Even the Tana who maintains that it is permitted to cause Tum'ah to Chulin says that it is forbidden to help the Yisrael harvest or press grapes, because Terumah must be separated from it, and the Torah prohibits causing Terumah to become Tamei.
2. However, according to the Mishnah Acharonah, it is forbidden to help press the grapes, since the Nochri is causing the wine to become Yayin Nesech.
3. According to one opinion, the Tana of the Mishnah -- who states that wine becomes Yayin Nesech when it flows into the storage pit even before the sediment rises to the top -- does not argue with the Tana Kama. Yayin Nesech is more stringent than Ma'aser. However, according to Rava, the Tana of the Mishnah argues with the Tana Kama. There are three different opinions regarding the Gemar Melachah of wine for Ma'aser.
4. According to the Tana Kama, the wine becomes Yayin Nesech only after the sediment rises to the top. According to Rebbi Akiva, it becomes Yayin Nesech only after it is siphoned off into barrels.
5. According to the opinion that a stream of water is not regarded as an attachment, the wine in the press becomes forbidden only if the pit is overflowing with wine and laps the basket.
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