REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. The Mizbe'ach may not be built on arches or in tunnels.
2. The Mizbe'ach may be built on an area of up to 60 Amos.
3. When the exiled people ascended to Eretz Yisrael for the rebuilding of the second Beis ha'Mikdash, they were able to build the Beis ha'Mikdash in the proper location by building on the foundation of the first Beis ha'Mikdash.
4. Rebbi Eliezer says that when the exiled people returned, they knew where to build the Mizbe'ach because they saw the Mizbe'ach built and the angel Micha'el bringing sacrifices on it.
5. Rebbi Yochanan says that the Nevi'im ascended to Eretz Yisrael along with the returning exiles. One Navi testified about the size of the Mizbe'ach, and another testified about the location of the Mizbe'ach.
6. The third Navi testified that Korbanos may be brought even before the Beis ha'Mikdash is rebuilt.
7. Rebbi Eliezer ben Yakov says that one of the Nevi'im testified that the Torah shall be written with Kesav Ashuris.
8. If a Mizbe'ach lacks a Keren, ramp, or Yesod, or it is not square, it is Pasul. Rebbi Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah says that if it is also Pasul if it lacks a Sovev.
9. The place of the Ma'arachah of the copper Mizbe'ach of Moshe Rabeinu was one Amah by one Amah.
10. The logs of wood which were placed on the Mizbe'ach of Moshe Rabeinu were exactly one Amah long and one Amah wide.
11. The ramp of the Mizbe'ach was on the south side of the Mizbe'ach. It was 32 Amos long and 16 Amos wide.
12. Upon reaching the top of the Mizbe'ach, the Kohen turns to his right, toward the east.
13. There was a space between the top of the ramp and the Mizbe'ach.
14. Two small ramps protruded from the main ramp of the Mizbe'ach. One ramp went to the Sovev. The other ramp went toward the Yesod.
15. The small ramps protruding from the Mizbe'ach were not attached to the Sovev or the Yesod. There was a slight gap between them.
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A BIT MORE
1. The Torah calls the Mizbe'ach a "Mizbe'ach Adamah" because it must be attached to the ground. Therefore, it may not be built on arches or in tunnels.
2. An area of 60 Amos in the Azarah was sanctified for the Mizbe'ach. The Mizbe'ach may be built on part or all of that area. Therefore, when the second Beis ha'Mikdash was built, they realized that the Mizbe'ach with an area 28 by 28 Amos was not sufficient. The area of the Mizbe'ach was expanded by an extra four Amos on the south and on the west.
3. They found of the remnants of the walls of the first Beis ha'Mikdash. From those remnants they were able to discern where the Heichal had been and where the Azarah had been.
4. Rebbi Yitzchak Nafcha says that the ashes of Yitzchak Avinu were in the place of the Mizbe'ach. Rav Shmuel bar Nachmani says that in the entire area of the Beis ha'Mikdash, the aroma of Ketores could be detected, and in the place of the Mizbe'ach, the aroma from the sacrificed limbs could be detected.
5. One of the Nevi'im testified that the Mizbe'ach may be built on an area of up to 60 Amos, and another testified exactly where the Mizbe'ach was to be situated.
6. The sanctity of the first Beis ha'Mikdash remains forever. Therefore, Korbanos may be brought in the place of the Beis ha'Mikdash even after the Beis ha'Mikdash is destroyed.
7. The Torah was originally written in Kesav Ivri, which was later changed to Kesav Ashuris.
8. However, the length, width, and height of any of these parts of the Mizbe'ach do not affect the validity of the Mizbe'ach. However, their dimensions cannot be smaller than the dimensions of their corresponding parts on the Mizbe'ach of Moshe Rabeinu.
9. The Mizbe'ach is five Amos by five Amos. When one Amah is subtracted on each side for the Keranos, and another Amah on each side for where the Kohanim walk around the Mizbe'ach, only one Amah remains.
10. The place of the Ma'arachah of the copper Mizbe'ach of Moshe Rabeinu was one Amah by one Amah, and the logs of wood filled up the entire space.
11. The ramp is considered the front of the Mizbe'ach, since the Kohanim ascend the Mizbe'ach by way of the ramp. The Chachamim derive from verses that the front of the Mizbe'ach must be on the south side.
12. The ramp is to the south of the Mizbe'ach. When the Kohen reach the top of the Mizbe'ach in order to circle the Mizbe'ach, he turns to his right, toward the southeastern corner, then toward to the northeastern corner, then to the northwestern corner, followed by the southwestern corner.
13. The ramp did not reach all of the way to the Mizbe'ach. The parts of the Korbanos which was burned on the Mizbe'ach were thrown from the top of the ramp toward the Ma'arachah.
14. The ramp which went to the Sovev was east of the main ramp. It started on the lower part of the main ramp and sloped upward toward the Sovev. The other ramp was west of the main ramp and sloped toward the Yesod south of the Mizbe'ach.
15. Rav Yehudah says that there was a gap between the ramps and the Sovev and Yesod because the Torah states "Saviv." With no gap, it would be impossible to encircle the Mizbe'ach, even with a thread. Rebbi Avahu says that the gap between them is based on the Torah's requirement that the Mizbe'ach be square. Without a gap, the Mizbe'ach would not be square.
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