REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. Wheat used for Menachos must be rubbed between the fingers 300 times and beaten with the fist 500 times.
2. According to the Tana Kama, the wheat of the Minchah must be rubbed and beaten before it is made into dough. Rebbi Yosi says that it should be rubbed and beaten after it is made into dough and not while it is wheat.
3. All Menachos are made into ten Chalos, with the exception of the Lechem ha'Panim and Chavisei Kohen Gadol, according to Rebbi Yehudah.
4. All Menachos are made into twelve Chalos, with the exception of Lachmei Todah and Lachmei Nazir, according to Rebbi Meir.
5. Shmuel maintains that if the four types of bread of the Lachmei Todah are baked into four large Chalos, it is valid b'Di'eved.
6. One Chalah is given to a Kohen from each of the four types of bread of the Lachmei Todah. He must be given a whole Chalah, not a piece of one.
7. Any Minchah which is made into more or less Chalos than the Torah prescribes is valid, with the exception of the Lechem ha'Panim and Chavisei Kohen Gadol. According to another opinion, the Lachmei Todah and Lachmei Nazir are also exceptions to this rule.
8. The Isaron for the Minchas ha'Omer is sifted out of three Se'ah, while the two Esronos for the Shtei ha'Lechem of Shavuos are sifted out of three Se'ah.
9. The twenty-four Esronos for the twelve breads of the Lechem ha'Panim are sifted out of twenty-four Se'ah.
10. If a Minchah contains more or less Esronos than the Torah prescribes, it is Pasul.
11. The Minchas ha'Omer is sifted with thirteen sifters, the Shtei ha'Lechem of Shavuos with twelve sifters, and the Lechem ha'Panim with eleven sifters. Rebbi Shimon disagrees.
12. The Tana Kama says that first a sifter with small perforations is used and then a sifter with larger perforations is used. The Kohen continues in that sequence thirteen times. Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar says thirteen sifters are placed one on top of the other.
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A BIT MORE
1. It must be rubbed once and beaten twice, and then rubbed twice are beaten three times. The Kohen continues in this sequence until altogether it was rubbed 300 times and beaten 500 times.
2. It is rubbed and beaten in order to make it easier to remove the casing of the wheat, according to the Tana Kama. According to Rebbi Yosi, it is done in order to improve the appearance of the dough.
3. Even a Minchas Soles, to which the Kemitzah is done while it is flour, is made into ten Chalos after the Kemitzah.
4. The law that all Menachos must be made into twelve Chalos is derived from the Lechem ha'Panim or Chavisei Kohen Gadol. The only exceptions are Lachmei Torah and Lachmei Nazir. The Torah states explicitly that Lachmei Torah are made into ten Chalos, and Lachmei Nazir are derived from Lachmei Todah.
5. L'Chatchilah, it should be made into forty Chalos: ten Chalos for each of the four types of bread. Nevertheless, if it is baked into four large Chalos, one Chalah for each type of bread, it is valid.
6. If each of the four types of bread are baked into one large Chalah, the Kohen is given his share from the Chalos before they are baked so that his share can be baked into one whole Chalah.
7. Shmuel agrees with the second opinion, that the Lachmei Todah are also an exception to the rule, and if the four types of bread are baked into one Chalah, it is valid.
8. The Minchas ha'Omer is brought from the new crop of barley. New grain has more bran than old grain, and barley has more bran than wheat. The Shtei ha'Lechem of Shavuos are brought from the new crop of wheat that contains more bran than old grain. Since it is brought from wheat, it has less bran than the Minchas ha'Omer, and thus two Esronos of fine flour can be sifted out of three Se'ah of grain, instead of four.
9. The Lechem ha'Panim is made from the old wheat, and therefore one Isaron of fine flour can be sifted out of one Se'ah of grain.
10. However, if the Esronos are sifted from more or less Se'ah than is prescribed, it is valid.
11. According to Rebbi Shimon, the flour is sifted as much as necessary. The Chachamim did not determine the necessary number of times.
12. According to Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar, the top sifter has large perforations. Each subsequent sifter has smaller perforations than the one above it.
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