REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
If a husband traveled overseas and we heard that he died, Beis Din grants the wife Mezonos from his property.
Rav: If we did not hear that the husband died, Beis Din grants her Mezonos. Shmuel: Beis Din does not grant her Mezonos. (1)
Chanan: If a husband traveled overseas, his wife does not make a Shevu'ah when she collects Mezonos. Bnei Kohanim Gedolim: His wife must make a Shevu'ah. (2)
If the husband returns from overseas and swears that he had given her money for Mezonos before he left, she must return the Mezonos that she collected.
When the husband returns from overseas, he may say to his wife that she should use her handiwork for her Mezonos.
If a husband traveled overseas, Beis Din grants Mezonos to the wife and not to his children, and no Tzedakah is given from his property. (3)
A wife may remarry on the basis of one witness who testifies that her husband died.
The sons do not inherit the father's property if only one witness testifies that he died.
A Yevamah is given Mezonos from the property of her deceased husband for the first three months. (4)
After the first three months, a Yevamah does not receive Mezonos unless the Yavam was given an ultimatum by Beis Din to either do Yibum or Chalitzah and he ran away.
If a woman returns from overseas and says that her husband died overseas, she may take either Mezonos or her Kesuvah. (5)
If a woman returns from overseas and says that her husband divorced her, she may collect Mezonos up to the amount of her Kesuvah. (6)
The husband of a Ketanah traveled overseas, and the Ketanah borrowed money for her Mezonos. She subsequently did Mi'un. He does not have to pay back the loan.
Rav Huna: A woman may tell her husband that she does not want Mezonos but instead will keep her handiwork for herself.
Rav Zevid: White or black lead-coated earthenware utensils have the status of metal utensils. (7)
If the white or black lead-coated earthenware utensils have cracks, they have the status of earthenware utensils.
Chanan: If a husband travels overseas and someone gives Mezonos to his wife, the husband does not have to pay back the money upon his return. (9)
A BIT MORE
1. Rav: After the first three months, Beis Din grants her Mezonos. Shmuel: Even after the first three months she is not given Mezonos. Rav Zevid says that Shmuel is concerned for the possibility that the husband gave her money for Mezonos before he left. Rav Papa says that Shmuel is concerned for the possibility that before he left, the husband told her to use the proceeds of her handiwork for her Mezonos.
2. Chanan: When she collects her Kesuvah, she must swear that she does not have in her possession any of the property of her husband. Bnei Kohanim Gedolim: She must swear upon collecting Mezonos, and she swears again upon collecting the Kesuvah.
3. The Amora'im disagree about whether Beis Din grants cosmetics to a wife from the husband's property when he travels overseas.
4. Since she cannot do Yibum for the first three months because of the concern that she may be pregnant, she has the right to Mezonos.
5. A woman who testifies that her husband died is believed both regarding remarriage and regarding the collection of her Kesuvah.
6. A woman is not believed to testify that she was divorced, and therefore she cannot collect her Kesuvah. She has the right only to take Mezonos up until the amount of her Kesuvah, because a divorcee does not receive Mezonos, and according to her own testimony that she is a divorcee she does not deserve anything more than the value of her Kesuvah.
7. They may be Kashered, unlike earthenware utensils which cannot be Kashered. However, the green lead-coated earthenware utensils have the status of earthenware utensils and cannot be Kashered.
8. The Bnei Kohanim Gedolim maintain that he swears how much he spent, and the husband must pay him back that amount.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
TRAVELING OVERSEAS
The husband of a Ketanah traveled overseas, and she borrowed money for her Mezonos. She subsequently did Mi'un. The husband does not have to pay back the loan. However, if she did not do Mi'un, he is obligated to pay back the loan. The Ramah ha'Levi derives from here that if a Katan or Ketanah borrows money, he is obligated to pay back the loan when he becomes a Gadol. The proof is that if the Ketanah would be exempt from paying back the loan, the husband would also be exempt from paying it back when he returns, because anytime the wife is exempt from paying back a loan the husband is also exempt from paying it back. (Rosh)
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QUICK HALACHAH
EARTHENWARE UTENSILS ON PESACH
Earthenware utensils that are coated with glass have the status of earthenware utensils. (Shulchan Aruch OC 451:23)
The Acharonim are stringent even with regard to earthenware utensils that are coated with lead, and thus they may not be Kashered. The reason is that when the utensils are used for Chametz, the Chametz penetrates through the lead and into the earthenware, and earthenware cannot be Kashered. (Mishnah Berurah)
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