REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. The Mishnah (143b) says that there are two ways in which heirs can improve an estate before it is divided.
2. Rav Safra profited from an investment of money he received from his late father's estate without declaring it was for his own sake.
3. If a man marries off his son in one of his houses, the son acquires that house.
4. This (3) is one of three laws that have no clear reason.
5. Everything is in the hands of Heaven except for cold and heat.
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A BIT MORE
1. If they simply improve the estate, the increase in value is divided among all of the heirs. If some of them state in front of witnesses or in Beis Din that they are doing this for themselves (and not for the other relatives), they are allowed to keep the value of the improvement that they make.
2. Even so, Rava ruled that the improvement is his. Rava reasoned that if Rav Safra bothered to take away time from his learning and do a business deal, then clearly he had in mind that he was doing it for himself, and not for the estate.
3. The Gemara explains that this applies only when: his firstborn son is the first child he is marrying off, the son is marrying a virgin, and she is his first wife.
4. The other two are: a person who writes that all of his possessions should go to his wife is actually only appointing her as a guardian for his children; the law of Ma'amad Shelashtan (if Reuven says to Shimon, "Give the money you owe me to Levi," Shimon now owes Levi the money).
5. Consequently, it is up to a person to ensure that he does not go into climates that are either very hot or very cold.
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