(a)What does the Mishnah say about bringing Korbanos Tzibur from Chutz la'Aretz and (Menachos) from Yashan (from last year's produce)?
(b)What is the Din with regard to Korb'nos Yachid?
(c)What are the two exceptions to the rule?
(d)What do we learn from the Pasuk in ...
1. ... Emor "Minchah Chadashah"?
2. ... Ki Sisa "Bikurei K'tzir Chitim"?
1)
(a)The Mishnah permits bringing Korbanos Tzibur from Chutz la'Aretz and (Menachos [See also Tosfos Yom Tov) from Yashan (from last year's produce) ...
(b)... and the same applies to Korb'nos Yachid.
(c)The two exceptions to the rule are - the Omer (on Pesach) and the Sh'tei ha'Lechem (on Shavu'os).
(d)We learn from the Pasuk in ...
1. ... Emor "Minchah Chadashah (See Tosfos Yom Tov)" that - the Omer can only be brought from Chadash.
2. ... Ki Sisa "Bikurei K'tzir Chitim" that - the same applies to the Sh'tei ha'Lechem.
2)
(a)From what quality grain must all Menachos be brought?
(b)What is the significance of...
1. ... the towns Michmas and Mezonisah?
2. ... Chafarayim in the valley?
(c)Why does the Tana find it necessary to add 'in the valley'?
(d)Why does he use the word 'Alfa' to describe the quality of the flour in Michmas and Mezonisah?
(e)What is the Din regarding flour that is made from wheat of other locations?
2)
(a)All Menachos must be brought - from choice-quality grain (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)The significance of...
1. ... the towns Michmas and Mezonisah is that - they produce the best-quality flour in the country. Second to them is that of ...
2. ... Chafarayim (See Tosfos Yom Tov) in the valley.
(c)The Tana finds it necessary to add 'in the valley' - because there is also a town of that name situated in the mountains.
(d)He uses the word 'Alfa' to describe the quality of the flour - because just as 'Alef' is the first letter (See Tosfos Yom Tov), so too is the flour of Michmas and Mezonisah first in the land.
(e)Flour that is made from wheat of other locations - is Kasher Bedieved.
Mishnah 2
3)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about bringing the Omer and the Sh'tei ha'Lechem (See Tosfos Yom Tov) from fields that need to be fertilized, manually watered and from areas where the produce grows between batches of trees?
(b)What common reason pertains to all of them?
(c)What additional reason applies to fields that need to be fertilized?
(d)What if they did bring the Omer ... from any of these?
3)
(a)The Mishnah writes that one should not bring the Omer and the Sh'tei ha'Lechem (See Tosfos Yom Tov) from fields that need to be fertilized, manually watered or from areas where the produce grows between batches of trees ...
(b)... since in each case - the quality of the fruit is adversely affected.
(c)Moreover, in that case of fields that need to be fertilized - we are afraid that one may forget to fertilize them.
(d)If however, they did bring the Omer ... from any of these - it is Kasher.
4)
(a)In order to produce the best quality flour, the Mishnah suggests 'Neirah Shanah Rishonah'. What does this mean?
(b)How long before Pesach should one ten plant the seeds?
(c)What does the Gemara add to the sequence?
4)
(a)In order to produce the best quality flour, the Mishnah suggests 'Neirah Shanah Rishonah' - meaning that the first year the fields should be plowed.
(b)One should then plant the seeds - seventy days before Pesach (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)The Gemara adds that - one should plant in one half of the field one year and in the other half, the following year, a process that is repeated each year.
5)
(a)Once the flour has been sifted, the Gizbar tests it by placing his hand into it. What if he brings up flour-dust?
(b)On what other condition does the Mishnah declare the flour or the wheat Pasul?
(c)On what condition is all the flour Pasul?
(d)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Pinchas "Temimim yih'yu lachem ...
1. ... u'Minchasam"?
2. ... ve'Niskeihem"?
5)
(a)Once the flour has been sifted, the Gizbar tests it by placing his hand into it. If he brings up flour-dust - it is Pasul until it has been sifted again.
(b)The Mishnah also declares the flour or the wheat Pasul - if it is wormy.
(c)All the flour is Pasul - if worms are found in the majority of it (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(d)We learn from the Pasuk in Pinchas "Temimim yih'yu lachem ...
1. ... u'Minchasam" that - the Menachos, and from ...
2. ... ve'Niskeihem", that - the Nesachim too, must be without a blemish.
Mishnah 3
6)
(a)The oil for the Menachos, like the flour, is brought from locations that produce the best-quality oil. What does the Mishnah say about Teko'ah?
(b)Aba Shaul cites Regev (or Argov) as second to Teko'ah. Where is Ragev situated?
(c)What about oil that is produced from olives that grow in other locations?
(d)What does the Tana say about oil that is produced from olives that grow in fields that need to be fertilized or manually watered, or from olive-trees among which seeds have been planted?
(e)What if one did?
6)
(a)The oil for the Menachos, like the flour, is brought from locations that produce the best-quality oil. The Mishnah declares ' Teko'ah Alfa le'Shemen'.
(b)Aba Shaul cites Regev (or Argov) - which is situated on the other side (the East Bank) of the River Yarden.
(c)Oil that is produced from olives that grow in other locations - is Kasher Bedi'eved.
(d)The Tana writes that - one should not bring oil that is produced from olives that grow in fields that need to be fertilized or manually watered, or from olive-trees among which seeds have been planted ...
(e)... though if one did - it is Kasher.
7)
(a)What is 'Shemen Anpiknun'?
(b)Why is it Pasul even Bedi'eved?
(c)And why does the Tana also invalidate oil that is produced from olives that have fallen from the tree and that have been soaked in water (See Tosfos Yom Tov)?
(d)What does he say about oil that is produced from olives that have been pickled or well-cooked?
7)
(a)'Shemen Anpiknun' is - 'oil that is produced from olives that have not yet reached a third of their full growth.
(b)It is Pasul even Bedi'eved - because the oil is extremely bitter.
(c)The Tana also invalidate oil that is produced from olives that have fallen from the tree and that have been soaked in water (See Tiferes Yisrael) - since the water spoils the taste of the oil.
(d)He also disqualifies oil that is produced from olives that have been pickled or well-cooked (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
Mishnah 4
8)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses 'three olives', each of which produces three grades of oil. What does the Tana mean by 'three olives'?
(b)From which part of the tree does one pick the first batch of olives.
(c)Why from there?
8)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses 'three olives'- the three batches of olives that one picks from the tree at three different times of the year (See Tosfos Yom Tov), each of which produces three grades of oil.
(b)One picks the first batch of olives - from the top of the tree ...
(c)... since they are the olives that ripen first.
9)
(a)According to the Tana Kama, after pounding, one places them inside a basket. What does Rebbi Yehudah say?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Where does the oil go from there?
(d)Which oil have we just discussed?
9)
(a)According to the Tana Kama, after pounding, one places them inside a basket. Rebbi Yehudah says - round the sides of the basket ...
(b)... thereby enabling the oil to gather at the bottom completely clear of dregs.
(c)From there, the oil - sifts through the base of he basket into a vessel that one places underneath it to collect it.
(d)We have just discussed - the first oil of the first batch of olives.
10)
(a)The Tana Kama maintains that the olives that remain in he basket (after the first batch of oil has emerged) one loads with a beam. What does Rebbi Yehudah say?
(b)Why is that?
(c)What does one then do with the olives after grinding them?
(d)What does one do with ...
1. ... the first batch of oil?
2. ... the second and third batches of oil?
10)
(a)The Tana Kama maintains that the olives that remain in he basket (after the first batch of oil has emerged) one loads with a beam, according to Rebbi Yehudah - with stones ...
(b)... because a beam, which is excessively heavy - extracts the dregs.
(c)After grinding the olives - one then re-places the beam on them.
(d)One uses ...
1. ... the first batch of oil - for the Menorah (exclusively), whereas ...
2. ... the second and third batches - are Kasher for the Menachos.
11)
(a)From where does one pick the second batch of olives?
(b)Rebbi Yehudah and the Tana Kama repeat their Machlokes as to where one initially places the olives in the basket and as to whether one then loads them with a beam or with stones. How does one then produce the third batch of oil?
(c)What does one then do with the first batch of oil and with the second and third batches of oil, respectively?
11)
(a)One picks the second batch of olives - from the olives that are level with one's roof (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)Rebbi Yehudah and the Tana Kama repeat their Machlokes as to where one initially places the olives in the basket and as to whether one then loads them with a beam or with stones. One then produce the third batch of oil - by re-placing the beam on to the olives.
(c)One then does with the first batch of oil and with the second and third batches of oil, respectively - exactly as one did with the first batch of olives.
12)
(a)From whereabouts on the olive-tree does one pick the third batch of olives?
(b)What is the significance of this batch?
(c)How does one set about ripening them after they have been picked?
(d)How does one then proceed to produce the three batches of oil?
(e)What does one then do with the first batch of oil and with the second and third batches of oil, respectively?
12)
(a)One picks the third batch of olives - from the lowest part of the olive-tree.
(b)This batch of olives - does not fully ripen on the tree.
(c)One sets about ripening them after they have been picked - by placing them in a Ma'tan (a vat [a hole in the ground where the olives are packed tight until the heat ripens them. See Tosfos Yom Tov]).
(d)One then proceeds to produce the three batches of oil - by following the same procedure as one did with the first two batches ...
(e)... and one does with the first batch of oil and with the second and third batches of oil, respectively - the same as one did with the first two batches.
Mishnah 5
13)
(a)Of all the above nine grades of oil, which is the first choice for the Menorah?
(b)The Mishnah places on a par the second of the first batch and the first of the second. What is the significance of this grading?
(c)Next in line, the Tana places the third of the first batch and the second of the second. Which third batch does he add to this list?
(d)If a Minchah needs to be brought, which oil should one choose between the third of the first batch and the first of the second batch?
(e)Which is the most inferior of all the nine batches?
13)
(a)Of all the above nine grades of oil, the first choice for the Menorah - is the first batch of oil from the first batch of olives.
(b)The Mishnah places on a par the second of the first batch and the first of the second - with regard to using for the Menachos (but not for the Menorah).
(c)Next in line, the Tana places the third of the first batch, the second of the second - and the first of the third batch (each of which adds up to four).
(d)If a Minchah needs to be brought, one should choose - the first of the second batch rather than the third of the first.
(e)The most inferior of all the nine batches is - the third batch of oil from the third batch of olives.
14)
(a)On what logical grounds ought the Menachos too, have required 'Shemen Zayis Zach' (the first of each of the three batches of olives)?
(b)What do we then from the Pasuk in Tetzaveh " ... Zach Kasis la'Ma'or"?
14)
(a)Logically speaking, the Menachos too, ought to have required 'Shemen Zayis Zach' (the first of each of the three batches of olives) - since the Menachos are eaten as opposed to the oil for the Menorah, which is not.
(b)And the reason that they are not, is because we learn from the Pasuk in Tetzaveh " ... Zach Kasis la'Ma'or" - "Zach Kasis la'Ma'or", 've'Lo Zach Kasis la'Menachos'.
Mishnah 6
15)
(a)From where is one permitted to bring the wine for the Nesachim?
(b)What is then the significance of ...
1. ... Kerusayim and Tulayim?
2. ... Beis Rimah and Beis Lavan in the mountains?
3. ... K'far Signah in the valley?
(c)What does the Tana say about wine that is produced from vines that grow in fields that need to be fertilized or manually watered, or from olive-trees among which seeds have been planted?
(d)What if one did?
15)
(a)Basically, one is permitted to bring the wine for the Nesachim from anywhere.
(b)However, the Mishnah describes ...
1. ... Kerusayim and Tulayim as 'Alfa le'Yayin', and ...
2. ... Beis Rimah and Beis Lavan in the mountains, and ...
3. ... K'far Signah in the valley - as second to them.
(c)Here too, the Tana rules that Lechatchilah, one should not bring wine that is produced from vines that grow in fields that need to be fertilized or manually watered, or from olive-trees among which seeds have been planted ...
(d)... though if one did - it is Kasher.
16)
(a)Neither should one bring Alyustun, though Bedieved, it is Kasher. What is 'Alyustun'?
(b)According to Rebbi, one should not bring old wine either. What constitutes 'old'?
(c)Based on the Pasuk in Mishlei "Al Teire Yayin ki Yis'adam", what is Rebbi's reason?
(d)What do the Chachamim say?
16)
(a)Neither should one bring 'Alyustun' - wine that has been sweetened by the sun, though Bedieved, it is Kasher.
(b)According to Rebbi, one should not bring 'old wine' - of more than twelve months, either.
(c)This is because - old wine loses some of its redness, and the Pasuk writes in Mishlei "Al Teire Yayin ki Yis'adam" (implying 'the redder, the better).
(d)The Chachamim - validate it (even Lechatchilah).
17)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about wine that is sweet, that has been smoked or that has been boiled?
(b)Besides 'naturally sweet' (as opposed to Alyustun (which we just discussed), how else might we define 'sweet'?
(c)Which is the more correct explanation?
(d)The Tana requires wine that is manufactured from Rogliyos and not from Daliyos. What are 'Rogliyos' and what are 'Daliyos'?
(e)He finally requires that the grapes grow in fields that are Avudos. What does he mean?
17)
(a)The Mishnah - invalidates wine that is sweet, that has been smoked (See Tosfos Yom Tov) or that has been boiled.
(b)Besides 'naturally sweet' (as opposed to Alyustun (which we just discussed), we might also define 'sweet' as - less than forty days old (known as 'Tirosh').
(c)The first explanation is the more correct one (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(d)The Tana requires wine that is manufactured from 'Rogliyos' - (vines that are close to the ground [from the word 'Regel']) and not from 'Daliyos' (that have been raised).
(e)He finally requires that the grapes grow in fields that are 'Avudos', which means that - twice annually, one digs round the vines to loosen the earth next to the roots and to create grooves in order to water them.
Mishnah 7
18)
(a)The Mishnah requires the wine to be brought in small barrels, and not full to the top. Why ...
1. ... in small barrels?
2. ... not full to the top?
(b)From whereabouts in the barrel does the Tana require the wine to be brought?
(c)Why not from ...
1. ... the top?
2. ... the bottom?
(d)What is he significance of the middle of the second third of the barrel?
18)
(a)The Mishnah requires the wine to be brought ...
1. ... in small barrels - since large barrels tend to spoil the taste of the wine.
2. ... not full to the top - so that they exude a pleasant aroma (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)The Tana requires the wine to be brought - from the middle of the second third (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)Not from ...
1. ... the top - where there are often Kemachin (white balls of mold).
2. ... the bottom - on account of the dregs that rest there.
(d)The middle of the second third of the barrel is - where the tap is fixed.
19)
(a)What does the Gizbar have to be careful about once the wine begins flowing from the barrel? What is the 'Gid'?
(b)How does he achieve this?
(c)According to the second explanation, he bangs with his stick as a sign to the person drawing the wine from the barrel to close the tap immediately. Why does he not simply shout 'Stop'?
19)
(a)The Gizbar has to be careful once the wine begins flowing from the barrel - not to allow the 'Gid' (part of the dregs) to flow out with the wine.
(b)He achieves this - by pushing it back with his stick.
(c)According to the second explanation (See Tosfos Yom Tov), he bangs with his stick as a sign to the person drawing the wine from the barrel to close the tap immediately. He does not simply shout 'Stop' - because the human voice is not good for the wine.
20)
(a)What does Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Yehudah say about wine that has Kemachim on it?
(b)How does he learn it from the Pasuk in Pinchas "Temimim Yih'yu lachem u'Minchasam ... ve'Niskeihem"?
(c)What is the Halachah in this regard?
20)
(a)Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Yehudah - disqualifies wine that has Kemachin on it (even Bedi'eved).
(b)He learn it from the Pasuk in Pinchas "Temimim Yih'yu lachem u'Minchasam ... ve'Niskeihem" - which requires also the Menachos and the Nesachim to be without blemish (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)The Halachah in this regard is - not like Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Yehudah.
21)
(a)What happens to someone who is Makdish any of the flour, oil or wine that the Tana declares Pasul?
(b)We learn this from the Din of someone who is Makdish a Ba'al-Mum. What is the Din of someone who does, based on the Pasuk in Emor "Lo Sakrivu"?
(c)How does the Sifra translate "Lo Sakrivu"?
21)
(a)Someone who is Makdish any of the flour, oil or wine that the Tana declares Pasul - is subject to Makas Mardus (Malkos de'Rabbanan).
(b)We learn this from the Din of someone who is Makdish a Ba'al-Mum, who, based on the Pasuk in Emor "Lo Sakrivu" - is subject to Malkos (min ha'Torah).
(c)The Sifra translates "Lo Sakrivu" as - 'Do not declare Hekdesh'.
22)
(a)They tended to bring the Korbanos too, from specific locations. If they brought ...
1. ... rams from Mo'av, from where did they bring lambs?
2. ... calves from the Sharon, from where did they bring pigeons and doves?
22)
(a)They tended to bring the Korbanos too, from specific locations. The brought ...
1. ... rams from Mo'av, and lambs from - Chevron.
2. ... calves from the Sharon, and pigeons and doves from - Har ha'Melech.
