Mishnah 1
1)
(a)On what condition can Menachos and Nesachim that became Tamei be redeemed?
(b)Why is that?
(c)What about redeeming them even if they are not Tamei?
1)
(a)Menachos and Nesachim that became Tamei can be redeemed - provided they have not yet been sanctified in a K'li Shareis ...
(b)... since they are merely Kedushas Damim. (whereas if they have, they become Kedushas ha'Guf and cannot be redeemed [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).
(c)They cannot however, be redeemed - if they are not Tamei (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
2)
(a)What is the status of birds, wood and Levonah of Hekdesh?
(b)Why is it not possible to redeem them?
(c)On what condition is one permitted to redeem Kodshim animals, despite the fact that they are Kedushas ha'Guf.
(d)We learn this from the Pasuk in Bechukosai "ve'Im Kol Beheimah Temei'ah ... ve'He'erich ha'Kohen osah". How do we know that the Pasuk is not referring literally to a Tamei (non-Kasher) species of animal?
2)
(a)The status of birds, wood and Levonah of Hekdesh - is that of Kedushas ha'Guf (See Tosfos Yom Tov 've'ha'Eitzim ... ' & DH 'she'Lo Ne'emar Ela Beheimah').
(b)It is not possible to redeem them (See Tosfos Yom Tov) - since the concept of redeeming Kodshim is only written (in Bechukosai) in connection with animals.
(c)One is permitted to redeem Kodshim animals, despite the fact that they are Kedushas ha'Guf - provided they obtained a blemish.
(d)We learn this from the Pasuk in Bechukosai "ve'Im Kol Beheimah Temei'ah ... ve'He'erich ha'Kohen osah", which cannot refer literally to a Tamei (non-Kasher) species of animal - since for that we have another Pasuk there "ve'Im Beheimah Temei'ah, u'Fadah be'Erkecha".
Mishnah 2
3)
(a)What does the Tana say about someone who undertakes to bring a Minchah in a Machavas (a flat pan) or in a Machavas (a deep pot) and who then does the opposite?
(b)Why is the Korban Kasher?
(c)What will be the Din in a case where he undertakes to bring 'this Minchah in a Machavas' or 'in a Marcheshes', and he does the opposite?
(d)Why is that?
3)
(a)The Tana rules that if someone who undertakes to bring a Minchah in a Machavas (a flat pan) or in a Machavas (a deep pot) and who does the opposite - his Korban is Kasher, but he has not fulfilled his Neder.
(b)The Korban is Kasher - because we assume that what he ultimately brought was not the same Korban that he undertook to bring.
(c)Consequently, in a case where he undertakes to bring 'this Minchah in a Machavas' or 'in a Marcheshes', and he does the opposite - the Korban is Pasul ...
(d)... because he is not permitted to change from the Keili in which he undertook to bring it.
4)
(a)What does the Tana now say about someone who undertakes to bring a Minchah in one K'li and who then brings it in two, or vice-versa?
(b)What if he undertakes to bring 'this Minchah in one K'li' or 'in two Keilim' and he does the opposite?
(c)With regard to the previous case, what is the reason for ...
1. ... the former ruling (besides the fact that the Minchah that he undertook to bring is Chaser)?
2. ... the latter ruling (besides the fact that only one Kometz was taken and not the required two)?
4)
(a)In a case where someone undertakes to bring a Minchah in one K'li and who then brings it in two, or vice-versa - the Tana now issues the exact same ruling as he did in the opening case in the Mishnah (that the Korban is Kasher, but that he has not fulfilled his obligation (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)If he undertakes to bring 'this Minchah in one K'li' or 'in two Keilim' and he does the opposite - then, like he ruled there, the Korban is Pasul.
(c)With regard to the previous case, the reason for ...
1. ... the former ruling (besides the fact that the Minchah that he undertook to bring is Chaser) is - because two Kematzim were taken from the Minchah, when only one ought to have been taken.
2. ... the latter ruling (besides the fact that only one Kometz was taken and not the required two) is - because the Minchah that he brought was excessive [Yeser]).
5)
(a)In a case where the owner undertakes to bring two Esronim in one K'li, and they reminded him of what he said, it is obvious that if he did bring it in one K'li that he is Yotzei. What does the Mishnah rule in the event that he brings it, not in one K'li, but in two?
(b)Why does this ruling differ from the same case, but where they did not remind him of what he said (and where the Korban is Kasher)?
(c)What does the Mishnah finally say about the reverse case, where he undertook to bring two Esronim in two Keilim, and after they reminded him of what he said, he brings it in one K'li?
(d)What does this effectively mean?
(e)Then why in the case where the owner undertook to bring this Korban in two Keilim and he brought it in one, did the Tana rule - Pasul?
5)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a case where the owner undertakes to bring two Esronim in one K'li, and they reminded him of what he said (See Tosfos Yom Tov), it is obvious that if he did bring it in one K'li that he is Yotzei. In the event that he brings it in two Keilim - the Mishnah declares the Korban Pasul.
(b)This ruling differs from the same case, but where they did not remind him of what he said (and where the Korban is Kasher) - in that, since they reminded him of what he said before he brought it, one can no longer assume that he is bringing a different Korban (since then he ought to have said so in response to their reminder).
(c)The Mishnah finally rules that, in the reverse case, where he undertook to bring two Esronim in two Keilim, and after they reminded him of what he said, he brings it in one K'li - it has the Din of two Menachos that became mixed.
(d)Effectively, this means that - if the Kohen is able to take a Kometz from each Minchah separately, the Korban is Kasher, otherwise it is Pasul.
(e)And the reason that, in the case where the owner undertook to bring this Korban in two Keilim and he brought it in one, the Tana ruled Pasul is - because it speaks where the Kohen was not able to take two separate Kemaztim.
Mishnah 3
6)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a person who undertakes to bring a Minchah from barley?
(b)Why is that?
(c)On what condition is he Patur from bringing anything?
(d)What if he undertakes to bring a Minchah ...
1. ... from Kemach (flour-dust)?
2. ... without oil or Levonah?
3. ... comprising half an Isaron of flour?
4. ... comprising one and a half Esronos?
(e)On what grounds does Rebbi Shimon declare him Patur in all these cases?
6)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if a person undertakes to bring a Minchah from barley - he is obligated to bring it from wheat ...
(b)... because no Minchas Nedavah can be brought from barley.
(c)He is Patur from bringing anything however - if he claims that, had he known that one cannot bring a Minchah from barley, he would not have made the undertaking in the first place (See Tosfos Yom Tov DH 'Harei alai Minchah ... ').
(d)If he undertakes to bring a Minchah ...
1. ... from Kemach (flour-dust) - he must bring it from So'les, since the Torah writes in Vayikra "So'les yih'yeh Korbano".
2. ... without oil or Levonah - he must bring it with oil and Levonah.
3. ... comprising half an Isaron of flour - he must bring a full Isaron.
4. ... comprising one and a half Esronos - he must bring it from two Isronos.
(e)Rebbi Shimon declares him Patur in all these cases - because, since his concluding words do not conform to the Din of a Minchah, they are automatically negated.
Mishnah 4
7)
(a)What distinction does the Mishnah draw between someone who undertakes to bring a Minchah of sixty Isaron and someone who undertakes to bring a Minchah of sixty-one Isaron?
(b)What reason does the Tana Kama give for the maximum Shi'ur of sixty Isaron in one K'li?
(c)How many Isaron did they bring on that day together with ...
1. ... the thirteen bulls?
2. ... the fourteen lambs?
3. ... the two rams?
(d)That accounts for fifty-seven Isaron. What comprised the remaining four?
7)
(a)The Mishnah rules that someone who undertakes to bring a Minchah of sixty Isaron - may bring them all in one K'li, whereas someone who undertakes to bring a Minchah of sixty-one Isaron - must bring them in two.
(b)The Tana Kama ascribes the maximum Shi'ur of sixty Isaron in one K'li to the fact that - the Tzibur bring a total of sixty-one Isaron on the first day of Succos that falls on Shabbos, and it will suffice for a Korban Yachid to comprise one Isaron less that the maximum korban Tzibur.
(c)On that day, they bring together with ...
1. ... the thirteen bulls - thirty-nine Isaron.
2. ... the fourteen lambs - fourteen Isaron.
3. ... the two rams - four Isaron.
(d)That accounts for fifty-seven Isaron. The remaining four - accompany the two lambs of the Korban Tamid and the two lambs of the Korban Musaf of Shabbos (one Isaron for each lamb).
8)
(a)On what grounds does Rebbi Shimon object to the Tana Kama's reason?
(b)What reason does he give to explain why sixty-one Isaron must be brought in two Keilim?
(c)How does he counter the Chachamim's query, who ask how there can be a difference between sixty and sixty-one Isaron?
(d)How does he support his point from a Mikvah?
(e)He explains that a Mikvah of forty Sa'ah minus a Kortov is Pasul. What is a Kortov?
8)
(a)Rebbi Shimon objects to the Tana Kama's reason - since the Esronos of the bulls and of the lambs cannot combine, as we learned earlier in the ninth Perek (See Tosfos Yom Tov). So what is the connection between that and the sixty Isaron of the Korban Minchah of a Yachid?
(b)He therefore explains that the sixty-one Isaron must be brought in two Keilim - because it is impossible to mix one Log of oil together with sixty-one Esronos of flour.
(c)He counters the Chachamim's query, who ask how there can be a difference between sixty and sixty-one Isaron - by explaining that indeed, there is (Sixty can be mixed, sixty-one cannot!).
(d)And he supports his point from a Mikvah - which is Kasher if it contains forty Sa'ah of water, but Pasul if it contains forty Sa'ah minus a Kortov ...
(e)... a quarter of a Revi'is ha'Log (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
9)
(a)This Mishnah holds like Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov. How many Lugin does a Minchah of sixty Isaron require, according to him?
(b)What if the oil is not completely mixed together with the sixty Isaron?
(c)Why is that?
9)
(a)This Mishnah holds like Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov, according to whom even a Minchah of sixty Isaron requires - one Log of oil (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)Even if the oil is not completely mixed together with the sixty Isaron - the Minchah is Kasher ...
(c)... due to the principle that 'Whatever can be mixed is Kasher even if it is not ('Kol ha'Ra'uy le'Bilah, Ein Bilah Me'akeves bo').
10)
(a)What does the Tana say about a donation of one, two or five Lugin of wine?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Why does he then permit a Nesech comprising ...
1. ... three Lugin?
2. ... four Lugin?
3. ... six Lugin?
(d)On what grounds does he permit anything above six Lugin?
(e)If seven Lugin comprise three for a lamb and four for a ram, and eight, wine for two rams, what about ...
1. ... nine Lugin?
2. ... ten Lugin?
3. ... eleven Lugin?
10)
(a)The Tana declares a donation of one, two or five Lugin of wine - unacceptable ...
(b)... since we do not find a Nesech comprising those amounts (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)He permits a Nesech comprising ...
1. ... three Lugin - because it is the Nesech of a lamb ...
2. ... four Lugin - the Nesech of a ram, and ...
3. ... six Lugin - the Nesech of a bull.
(d)He permits anything above six Lugin - because it will always make up a combination of Nesachim for two or more animals.
(e)Seven Lugin comprise three Lugin for a lamb and four for a ram, and eight, wine for two rams ...
1. ... nine Lugin comprise wine for a lamb and a bull (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
2. ... ten Lugin - a ram and a bull (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
3. ... eleven Lugin - two rams and a lamb (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
Mishnah 5
11)
(a)Rebbi Akiva permits donating wine without flour or oil, but not oil on its own. What do the Kohanim do with the wine?
(b)Rebbi Tarfon even permits donating oil on its own. What do the Kohanim do with it?
(c)What reason does Rebbi ...
1. ... Tarfon give for his ruling?
2. ... Akiva give to explain the distinction between wine and oil?
(d)What does Rebbi Akiva mean when he says that ...
1. ... wine of a Chovah comes on its own?
2. ... oil of a Chovah does not come on its own?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
11)
(a)Rebbi Akiva permits donating wine without flour or oil, but not oil on its own. The Kohanim - pour the wine into the bowl on the south-western corner of the Mizbe'ach, from where it flows down to the Shitin.
(b)Rebbi Tarfon even permits donating oil on its own. The Kohanim - take a Kometz from it (See Tosfos Yom Tov), which they burn on the Mizbe'ach, whilst the rest of the oil is eaten by the Kohanim.
(c)The reason Rebbi ...
1. ... Tarfon gives for his ruling is - because just as wine comes either as a Chovah or as a Nedavah, so too, does oil.
2. ... Akiva gives to explain the distinction between wine and oil is - because whereas the wine of Chovah is brought on its own, the oil of Chovah is not.
(d)When Rebbi Akiva says that ...
1. ... wine of a Chovah comes on its own, he means that - although it comes as part of the Korban, it is brought in a separate K'li (and is not crucial to the Korban [See Tosfos Yom Tov].
2. ... oil of a Chovah does not come on its own, he means that - it is always brought in the same K'li as the Korban that it accompanies.
(e)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Tarfon.
12)
(a)What distinction does the Mishnah draw between two people who bring one Isaron of flour as a Minchah and two people who bring an Olah or a Shelamim?
(b)What does the Tana say about two people bringing one bird between them?
(c)What about two people bringing the Minchas Nesachim of a bull, a ram or a lamb on its own?
(d)The only Korban Nedavah that two people may not bring together is a Minchah. On which Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with the Minchah) is this based?
12)
(a)The Mishnah rules that - two people may not bring one Isaron of flour as a Minchah - whereas they are allowed to bring an Olah, a Shelamim ...
(b)... or even a bird between them.
(c)Two people are - permitted to bring the Minchas Nesachim of a bull, a ram or a lamb on its own.
(d)The only Korban Nedavah that two people may not bring together is a Minchah - because the Torah writes in Vayikra, in connection with the Minchah, "Nefesh".
