Mishnah 1
1)
(a)The Mishnah discusses the three locations where the Kohanim guard in the Beis-ha'Mikdash (See Tosfos Yom Tov). Why is guarding necessary?
(b)What is the duration of the Mitzvah?
(c)From which words in Parshas Bamidbar do we learn this?
(d)From where do we know that the same applies to the Beis-ha'Mikdash?
(e)The first two locations are the Beis Avtinas and the Beis ha'Nitzutz. What do they have in common?.
1)
(a)The Mishnah discusses the three locations where the Kohanim guard in the Beis-ha'Mikdash (See Tosfos Yom Tov) - in honor of the Beis-ha'Mikdash (See Tiferes Yisrael).
(b)The duration of the Mitzvah is - all night.
(c)We learn this Mitzvah yfrom Parshas Bamidbar - from the three words "Shomrei" "Mishmeres" and "le'Mishmeres" (all written in connection with the Mishkan).
(d)And we learn the Din by the Beis-ha'Mikdash - from the Mishkan.
(e)The first two locations are the Beis Avtinas and the Beis ha'Nitzutz - which are both attics (built next to the gates of the Azarah).
2)
(a)In how many locations do the Levi'im guard?
(b)What is the source for the twenty-four combined locations where either a Kohen or a Levi guard?
(c)Seeing as the Pasuk mentions only Levi'im, how can this number include the Kohanim?
(d)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Yechezkel "ve'ha'Kohanim ha'Levi'im b'nei Tzadok"?
2)
(a)The Levi'im guard - in twenty-one locations
(b)The source for the twenty-four combined locations where either a Kohen or a Levi guards - lies in the Pesukim in Divrei ha'Yamim which lists them in groups.
(c)Even though the Pasuk mentions only Levi'im, this number includes the Kohanim - whom the Pasuk refers to as Levi'im in a number of places, one of them ...
(d)... the Pasuk in Yechezkel "ve'ha'Kohanim ha'Levi'im b'nei Tzadok".
3)
(a)The Levi'im guard all the gates of the Har ha'Bayis and by its four corners. How many entrances are there to the Har ha'Bayis?
(b)Whereabouts do all these guards stand, on the inside or on the outside?
(c)The Levi'im also guard at the gates to the Azarah and at its four corners. How many gates does this Tana ascribe to the Azarah?
(d)What does the Tana that ascribes seven gates to the Azarah say?
3)
(a)The Levi'im guard all the gates of the Har ha'Bayis and by its four corners. There are - five gates to the Har ha'Bayis.
(b)All these guards stand - on the inside.
(c)The Levi'im also guard - at the five gates to the Azarah and at its four corners.
(d)The Tana that ascribes seven gates to the Azarah - concedes that they only guard by five of them (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
4)
(a)Why do all the Levi'im of the Azarah guard the Azarah from the outside, in contrast to those who guard the Har ha'Bayis?
(b)How is the latter ruling hinted in the Pasuk in Divrei ha'Yamim (in connection to an area beside the Azarah) "Shenayim le'Farbar"?
(c)The last three locations guarded by the Levi'im are the Lishkas ha'Korban (See Tiferes Yisrael), the Lishkas ha'Paroches (Ibid.) and Achorei Beis ha'Kapores. What is the 'Beis ha'Kapores'?
4)
(a)The reason that all the Levi'im of the Azarah guard the Azarah from the outside, in contrast to those who guard the Har ha'Bayis is - because anyone other than the king of Yehudah is forbidden to sit inside the Azarah, and one cannot expect the guards to remain standing all night.
(b)The latter ruling is hinted in the Pasuk in Divrei ha'Yamim (in connection with an area beside the Azarah) "Shenayim le'Farbar", since the acronym of "le'Farbar" is - 'K'lapei Bar' (on the outside).
(c)The last three locations guarded by the Levi'im are the Lishkas ha'Korban (See Tiferes Yisrael), the Lishkas ha'Paroches (Ibid.) and Achorei Beis ha'Kapores. The 'Beis ha'Kapores' - is the Kodesh Kodshim (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
Mishnah 2
5)
(a)Each night the Ish Har ha'Bayis makes his rounds. Who is the 'Ish Har ha'Bayis'?
(b)What is he looking out for?
(c)How does he find his way around?
5)
(a)Each night the 'Ish Har ha'Bayis' - the officer in charge of the guards (See Tiferes Yisrael) makes his rounds ...
(b)... looking out for Kohanim who have fallen asleep at their post.
(c)He finds his way around - by means of lit torches (See Tiferes Yisrael).
6)
(a)What are the guards expected to do when they see the Ish Har ha'Bayis?
(b)How does he check if they are asleep?
(c)What does he do if the guard fails to respond?
(d)What does he have the authority to do should he so choose?
6)
(a)When the guards see the Ish Har ha'Bayis - they are expected to stand up.
(b)He checks that they are awake - by their response to his greeting ('Shalom alecha').
(c)If the guard fails to respond - he beats him with his staff.
(d)He also has the authority to - burn his outer garment (See Tiferes Yisrael) should he so choose.
7)
(a)If people ask about the noise coming from the Azarah during the night, what do others reply?
(b)What did Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov testify once happened to his maternal uncle?
7)
(a)If people ask about the noise coming from the Azarah during the night, others reply - 'It is the screams of a Levi who is being beaten and whose clothes are being burnt'.
(b)Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov testified - that his maternal uncle once had his clothes burnt (See Tiferes Yisrael).
Mishnah 3
8)
(a)What is the name of the two southern gates of the Har ha'Bayis?
(b)What purpose do they serve?
(c)Sha'ar Kiponos, in the west, too, serves as an entrance and an exit. What purpose does Sha'ar Tadi in the north serve?
(d)Atop the eastern gate is a painting of Shushan ha'Birah. Who ordered its inclusion in the Beis-ha'Mikdash?
(e)Why did they do that?
8)
(a)The name of the two southern gates of the Har ha'Bayis is - Sha'arei Chuldah (See Tosfos Yom Tov) ...
(b)... which are both used as entrances and exits.
(c)Sha'ar Kiponos (See Tosfos Yom Tov) in the west too, served as an entrance and an exit. Sha'ar Tadi (See Tosfos Yom Tov) in the north serves - no specific purpose (Ibid.).
(d)Atop the eastern gate is a painting of Shushan ha'Birah. It is there following the instructions of the kings of Persia when Yisrael returned from Galus Bavel ...
(e)... to instill the people with fear of the realm.
9)
(a)Who uses the eastern gate as an exit? Where are they going?
(b)Which Tana holds that the Parah Adumah must be brought by the Kohen Gadol?
(c)What is the Halachah?
(d)What is another name for Har ha'Mishchah?
9)
(a)The eastern gate is used as an exit - by the Kohen Gadol and his entourage on their way to burn the Parah Adumah on Har ha'Mishchah.
(b)The Tana that holds that the Parah Adumah must be brought by the Kohen Gadol is - Rebbi Meir (See Tosfos Yom Tov) ...
(c)... but the Halachah is not like him.
(d)Another name for Har ha'Mishchah is - Har ha'Zeisim.
Mishnah 4
10)
(a)How many gates does the Azarah have on ...
1. ... its northern and southern sides?
2. ... its eastern side?
(b)Starting from the west, what is the significance of ...
1. ... the first gate, 'Sha'ar ha'Delek'?
2. ... the second gate, 'Sha'ar ha'Bechoros'?
(c)Based on the Pasuk in Yechezkel "ve'Hinei Mayim Mefachim min ha'Katef ha'Yemanis ... ', what is the significance of the third gate 'Sha'ar ha'Mayim'?
(d)How thin is the water when it flows out from the Kodesh Kodshim?
(e)Why does the Navi then refer to it as "Mayim Mefachim" when it flows out of the Azarah?
10)
(a)The Azarah has ...
1. ... three gates on its northern side, three gates on its southern sides and ..
2. ... one gate on its eastern side.
(b)Starting from the west ...
1. ... the first gate, 'Sha'ar ha'Delek' is used - to bring in the wood for the Ma'arachah (See also Tosfos Yom Tov).
2. ... the second gate, 'Sha'ar ha'Bechoros' is used - to bring in the firstborn animals, which are Shechted on the south side of the Azarah (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)Based on the Pasuk in Yechezkel "ve'Hinei Mayim Mefachim min ha'Katef ha'Yemanis ... ' - it is from the third gate, 'Sha'ar ha'Mayim' that - the water that comes out from the Kodesh Kodshim flows (See also Tiferes Yisrael).
(d)When the water flows out from the Kodesh Kodshim it is as thin as locusts' horns.
(e)And the Navi refer to it as "Mayim Mefachim" (from the word 'Pach' - a jar) when it flows out of the Azarah - because at that stage, it has grown as thick as the opening of a small flask.
11)
(a)Why does the Pasuk refer to the south side of the Azarah as "Katef' ha'Yemanis"?
(b)What is the name of the eastern gate?
11)
(a)The Pasuk refers to the south side of the Azarah as "Katef' ha'Yemanis", based on the Pasuk in Tehilim - "Tzafon vi'Yemin".
(b)The name of the eastern gate is Sha'ar Nikanor (See Tiferes Yisrael).
12)
(a)One of the rooms that flanks Sha'ar Nikanor is called 'Sha'ar Pinchas ha'Malbish'. What is the other one called?
(b)Who was Pinchas ha'Malbish? Why was he called by that name?
(c)It is in the Lishkas Osei Chavitin that they prepare the Minchas Chavitin that the Kohen Gadol brings, half in the morning, half in the afternoon. Why is it called 'Minchas Chavitin'?
12)
(a)One of the rooms that flanks Sha'ar Nikanor is called Sha'ar Pinchas ha'Malbish; the other one is called - Sha'ar Osei Chavitin.
(b)Pinchas - was the name that everyone called the Kohen in charge of dressing and undressing the Kohanim of the Beis-Av each day and to look after the Bigdei Kehunah (See also Tiferes Yisrael).
(c)It is in the Lishkas Osei Chavitin that they prepare the Minchas Chavitin that the Kohen Gadol brings, half in the morning, half in the afternoon. It is called 'Minchas Chavitin' - because it is baked with oil in a Machavas (a flat pan).
Mishnah 5
13)
(a)The Tana now discusses the gates on the northern side of the Azarah. Starting from the west, the first gate is called 'Sha'ar ha'Nitzutz (See Tiferes Yisrael in Mishnah 1, note 3).
(b)It is built in the shape of an Achsadra (a sun-porch). What does it have on top of it?
(c)Who 'stands' guard ...
1. ... in the attic?
2. ... on the ground floor?
(d)Where does the attic open into?
13)
(a)The Tana now discusses the gates on the northern side of the Azarah. Starting from the west, the first gate is called 'Sha'ar ha'Nitzutz (See Tiferes Yisrael in Mishnah 1, note 3).
(b)It is built in the shape of an Achsadra (a sun-porch) - and is covered by an attic.
(c)Kohanim 'stand' guard ...
1. ... in the attic, and Levi'im ...
2. ... on the ground floor.
(d)The attic opens into - the Cheil (See Tiferes Yisrael).
14)
(a)What is the significance of the second gate, the 'Sha'ar ha'Korban'?
(b)What is the third gate called?
14)
(a)The second gate, the 'Sha'ar ha'Korban' - is used to bring animals that are Kodshei Kodshim (which must be Shechted on the north side of the Azarah) are brought into the Azarah.
(b)The third gate is called - 'Sha'ar Beis ha'Mokad' (which the Tana will now discuss in detail).
Mishnah 6
15)
(a)What happens in the actual Beis ha'Mokad? Why is it called by that name?
(b)How many smaller rooms does the Beis ha'Mokad contain?
(c)What does the Tana mean when he describes them as 'ke'Kitonos ha'Pesuchos li'Teraklin'?
(d)If two of the rooms are in a Kodesh area and two in an area that is Chol, how do they demarcate the two sections?
(e)Why is the division necessary?
15)
(a)In the actual Beis ha'Mokad - a fire burns constantly, for the Kohanim (who serve bare-footed on the marble floor of the Beis-ha'Mikdash) to warm their feet (as we explained at the beginning of Tamid)
(b)The Beis ha'Mokad contains - four smaller rooms in its four corners.
(c)When the Tana describes them as 'ke'Kitonos ha'Pesuchos li'T'eraklin', he means - like small rooms that open into the main section of the palace (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(d)Two of the rooms are in a Kodesh area and two, in an area that is Chol. These they demarcate - by means of thin beams of wood that protrude from the opposite walls that border the Chol section (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(e)The division is necessary - in that it indicates where the Kohanim are allowed to eat Kodshei Kodshim and where they are not.
16)
(a)The south-western corner of the Beis ha'Mokad contains the Lishkas Tela'ei Korban. Which lambs are kept there?
(b)If the south-eastern room is the 'Lishkas Osei Lechem ha'Panim', what did the b'nei Chashmona'im hide in the north-eastern one?
(c)What is the connection between this room and the 'Lishkas ha'Chosamos' referred to elsewhere?
(d)Finally, where does the north-western room open into?
(e)Where does the tunnel lead to?
16)
(a)The south-western corner of the Beis ha'Mokad contains the Lishkas Tela'ei Korban - where there are always six pre-inspected lambs to be brought (two at a time) for the Korban Tamid.
(b)The south-eastern room is the 'Lishkas Osei Lechem ha'Panim' - whilst in the north-eastern one, the b'nei Chashmona'im hid - the stones of the Mizbe'ach which the Greeks defiled (by sacrificing on it to their gods).
(c)Elsewhere - this room is referred to as 'Lishkas ha'Chosamos' (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(d)Finally, the north-western room - opens into the underground tunnel ...
(e)... that leads to the Mikvah that is used by Kohanim who become Tamei during the night (as discussed in Tamid).
Mishnah 7
17)
(a)Where do the two gates of the Lishkas Beis ha'Mokad open into?
(b)What purpose does the small gate that is set in the large one that opens into the Azarah?
(c)What does 'Livlosh es ha'Azarah' mean?
17)
(a)One of the two gates of the Lishkas Beis ha'Mokad (See Tosfos Yom Tov) opens into - the Cheil, the other, into - the Azarah.
(b)The small gate that is set in the large one that opens into the Azarah - is used by the Kohanim who go early each morning to inspect the holy vessels that are housed there (as we learned in Tamid too), as the Tana says ...
(c)... 'Livlosh es ha'Azarah'.
Mishnah 8
18)
(a)What is the shape of the roof of the Beis-ha'Mokad (See Tiferes Yisrael)?
(b)In what other way does the building of the Beis-ha'Mokad differ from the other two buildings on the north side of the Azarah?
18)
(a)The roof of the Beis ha'Mokad (See Tosfos Yom Tov), which is not an attic is shaped like - a dome.
(b)The building of the Beis-ha'Mokad also differs from the other two buildings on the north side of the Azarah - regarding its large size.
19)
(a)The Beis ha'Mokad is surrounded by stone Rovdim on the inside. What are Rovdim?
(b)How are they built?
(c)What purpose do they serve?
(d)What role do the elders of the Beis-Av play?
19)
(a)The Beis ha'Mokad is surrounded by stone Rovdim - shelves on the inside...
(b)... built into the wall in layers, one above the other, each layer narrower than the one below it (so that each lower shelf can be used as a step to climb on to the one above it).
(c)They are used as beds for the elders of the Beis-Av who will serve on that day ...
(d)... and who are in charge of the keys of the Azarah.
20)
(a)Who are the Pirchei Kohanim?
(b)Where do they sleep?
(c)What does the Tana mean when he adds 'Ish Kisto ba'Aretz'?
20)
(a)The Pirchei Kohanim are - the young Kohanim (of that Beis-Av) whose beards have begun to grow (who are serving as guards [See Tiferes Yisrael, note 60]) ...
(b)... who sleep on the floor in the Beis ha'Mokad ...
(c)... each one with his bedding on the floor ('Ish Kisto ba'Aretz').
Mishnah 9
21)
(a)How are the bunch of keys stored overnight?
(b)What is the area of the pit in which it is stored?
(c)What does the Kohen who is on guard-duty do when the time comes to lock the doors of the Azarah?
(d)What does he do after removing the keys from the chain and locking the doors?
21)
(a)The bunch of keys is stored overnight by means of a chain that is attached to a ring in a marble slab that covers a pit in the ground ...
(b)... that measures one Amah square.
(c)When the time comes to lock the doors of the Azarah, the Kohen who is on guard-duty - lifts the slab, removes the bunch of keys and proceeds to lock them.
(d)After removing the keys from the chain and locking the doors - he re-places them, places his clothes on the slab and goes to sleep (See Tiferes Yisrael).
22)
(a)Where does the corresponding Levi guard?
(b)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Korach "ve'Yilavucha alecha vi'Yesharsucha"?
(c)That explains why the Kohen 'stands' guard on the inside of the Beis ha'Mokad and the Levi on the inside. How does this Limud manifest itself in the Beis Avtinas and the Beis ha'Nitzutz?
22)
(a)The corresponding Levi guards - outside the Beis-ha'Mokad (in the Har ha'Bayis).
(b)We learn from the Pasuk in Korach "ve'Yilavucha alecha vi'Yesharsucha" - that the Levi'im are always secondary to the Kohanim.
(c)That explains why the Kohen guards on the inside of the Beis ha'Mokad and the Levi on the inside. In the Beis Avtinas and the Beis ha'Nitzutz, this Limud manifests itself - by the fact that the Koheh stands guard in the attic, and the Levi, below (as we learned earlier).
23)
(a)How does a Kohen who has an emission during the night get to the Mikvah that is located underneath the Beis-ha'Mikdash?
(b)Based on the Pasuk in Divrei ha'Yamim "el ha'Birah asher Hachinosi", what is the Birah?
(c)Based on what principle is a Ba'al Keri allowed to walk through the tunnel, even though he is forbidden to walk through the Azarah?
(d)How does he find his way through the tunnel?
23)
(a)A Kohen who has an emission during the night gets to the Mikvah that is located underneath the Beis-ha'Mikdash (See Tosfos Yom Tov DH 'Yarad ve'Taval') - via the tunnel that runs underneath the Birah.
(b)Based on the Pasuk in Divrei ha'Yamim "el ha'Birah asher Hachinosi", the 'Birah' is - another name for the Beis-ha'Mikdash.
(c)A Ba'al Keri is allowed to walk through the tunnel, even though he is forbidden to walk through the Azarah, based on the principle - that the underground tunnels were not sanctified (Mechilos Lo Niskad'shu).
(d)He finds his way through the tunnel - by means of lamps that are lit on either side of the tunnel.
24)
(a)According to Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov, after Toveling, the Tamei Kohen leaves via the tunnel that runs underneath the Cheil (and does not return to the Beis ha'Mokad). Through which gate does he exit the Har ha'Bayis?
(b)Why does he not return to the Beis-ha'Mokad?
(c)According to the Tana Kama however, he returns to the Beis-ha'Mokad until the gates are opened in the morning. Why is this permitted, in spite of the fact that a T'vul-Yom is forbidden to enter Machaneh Leviyah (including the Ezras Nashim)?
24)
(a)According to Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov, after Toveling, the Tamei Kohen leaves via the tunnel that runs underneath the Cheil (and does not return to the Beis ha'Mokad). He exits the Har ha'Bayis - through the northern gate (Sha'ar Tadi).
(b)He does not return to the Beis-ha'Mokad - since a T'vul-Yom is forbidden to enter the Machaneh Leviyah.
(c)According to the Tana Kama however, he returns to the Beis-ha'Mokad until the gates are opened in the morning. This is permitted, in spite of the fact that a T'vul-Yom is forbidden to enter Machaneh Leviyah (including the Ezras Nashim) - because, since he became Tamei inside, the Chachamim were lenient and allowed him to remain until the morning.
