1)

(a)The Tana now discusses the time when the Korban Tamid and the Korban Pesach are Shechted and brought. The Shechitah and preparation of the lamb takes - one hour, before bringing it on the Mizbe'ach.

(b)The Tana is referring to - the Korban Tamid shel Bein ha'Arbayim (the Tamid that is brought in the afternoon).

(c)The earliest time for the Tamid shel bein ha'Arbayim to be brought is six and a half hours - because that is the time when the evening shadows begin to appear.

(d)However, the Kohanim delayed two hours before bringing it - to give time for the Nedarim and Nedavos to be brought first.

(e)We learn this from the word "Alehah" (in the Pasuk in Tzav "Vehiktir alehah Chelvei ha'Shelamim" [in connection with the Korban Tamid shel Boker]), which teaches us - that all the Nedarim and Nedavos must be brought after the Tamid shel Shachar, and not after the Tamid shel Beis ha'Arbayim.

2)

(a)They Shecht and bring the Tamid shel bein ha'Arbayim on Erev Pesach, whether it falls ...

1. ... on a weekday, or ...

2. ... on Shabbos - one hour earlier, at seven and a half hours and eight and a half hours respectively.

(b)And they Shecht and bring it at six and a half hours and seven and a half hours respectively - when Erev Pesach falls on Erev Shabbos ...

(c)... in order to allow time to roast the Korban as well, before the advent of Shabbos.

3)

(a)The Mishnah discusses a Pesach that is brought she'Lo li'Shemo - as a Shelamim.

(b)The Tana rules that a Pesach that is Shechted she'Lo li'Shemo - is Pasul.

(c)We learn it from the Pasuk in Bo - "va'Amartem Zevach Pesach hu" (indicating that the Korban Pesach must be specifically brought as a Pesach).

(d)When he says 'Kibeil ve'Hilech ve'Zarak she'Lo li'Shemo, he means - that the Kohen either received the blood of the Korban (Kabalah), or carried it to the Mizbe'ach (Holachah) or sprinkled the blood (Zerikah) she'Lo li'Shemo.

(e)He rules in ...

1. ... any of the latter three cases - that it too, invalidates the Korban Pesach and that is how he rules in ...

2. ... a case of both li'Shemo and she'Lo li'Shemo, or vice-versa.

4)

(a)An example of a case of li'Shemo and she'Lo li'Shemo is - where the Kohen Shechted the lamb li'Shemo and received its blood she'Lo li'Shemo.

(b)In that case, it is obvious that she'Lo li'Shemo ve' li'Shemo is Pasul (Tos. Yom-Tov). The case of she'Lo li'Shemo ve'li'Shemo must therefore be - where he Shechted it li'Shemo with the intention of sprinkling its blood she'Lo li'Shemo ...

(c)... and the Chidush is - that we say 'Mechashvin me'Avodah la'Avodah' (a Machshavah (a Machshavah from one Avodah to another is effective).

5)

(a)The Mishnah rules that a Pesach that is Shechted on behalf of people who cannot eat it or who are not Menuyim (designated) to eat it - is Pasul.

(b)People who cannot eat it include the infirm, the old and small children, who are unable to eat a k'Zayis.

(c)We learn that ...

1. ... someone who is unable to eat the Korban Pesach is not eligible to participate in it - from the Pasuk in Bo "Ish L'fi Ochlo ... ".

2. ... one must register (before the animal has been Shechted) in order to participate from the next word in the Pasuk "Tochosu" (you shall register).

(d)The other two categories that belong in this list are Areilim (whi are not circumcised) and Teme'im.

(e)If however, one Shechts it on behalf of people who can eat and people who can't, on behalf of Menuyav and she'Lo li'Menuyav, or those who are Tamei and those who are Tahor - it is Kasher.

6)

(a)A Pesach that is Shechted before mid-day is Pasul - because the Torah writes in Parshas Bo "Bein ha'Arbayim".

(b)We know that the Pesach must be Shechted after the Korban Tamid shel bein ha'Arbayim - because the Torah uses the two expressions "ba'Erev" and "Bein ha'Arbayim" (as opposed to the Tamid, where it uses only the expression "Bein ha'Arbayim"), implying a later time.

(c)If a Pesach is Shechted before the Tamid shel bein ha'Arbayim - one stirs the blood (to prevent it from congealing) until the blood of the Tamid has been sprinkled.

(d)If the Kohen inadvertently sprinkled its blood first however - it does not invalidate the Korban.

7)

(a)When the Tana talks about 'ha'Shochet es ha'Pesach al ha'Chametz', he means that someone is Shechting the Pesach even though he has Chametz in his possession.

(b)The Mishnah rules - that he has transgressed the La'av ...

(c)... of "Lo Sishchat al Chametz Dam Zivchi" ...

(d)... though it does not invalidate the Korban.

8)

(a)The current La'av is not confined to Chametz in the possession of the Shochet - who is subject to Malkos if any member of the group has Chametz in his possession ...

(b)... even if it is in his house and not in the Azarah.

(c)Rebbi Yehudah extends the La'av to someone who Shechts the Tamid shel Bein ha'Arbayim, which he learns from "Dam Zivchi" (mentioned in the same Pasuk) - "My Korban" 'which is designated for Me' (implying the Korban Tamid [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).

(d)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.

9)

(a)Rebbi Shimon rules that - someone Shechts a Pesach she'Lo li'Shemo on Erev Pesach on Chametz is Patur ...

(b)... because 1. a Pesach she'Lo li'Shemo on Erev Pesach is Pasul, and 2. Rebbi Shimon holds that a Shechitah that is unfit is not considered a Shechitah.

(c)On the other hand, he exempts someone who Shechts other Korbanos on Erev Pesach on Chametz ...

(d)... despite the fact that they are Kasher ...

(e)... because from the fact that the Pasuk writes "Zivchi" twice, Rebbi Shimon learns that, as long as there is a Korban Pesach (on Erev Pesach), one is not Chayav for other Korbanos.

10)

(a)Someone who Shechts other Korbanos on Chametz during Pesach however - is Chayav ...

(b)... irrespective of whether he Shechts them li'Shemo or she'Lo li'Shemo ...

(c)... because, based on the previous D'rashah - when there is no Korban Pesach, one is Chayav under all circumstances.

(d)The sole exception to this ruling is - the Korban Chatas, which is Patur she'Lo li'Shemo ...

(e)... since a Chatas she'Lo li'Shemo is intrinsically Pasul.

11)

(a)And Rebbi Shimon rules that someone who Shechts a Pesach on Chametz during Pesach ...

1. ... li'Shemo - is Patur.

2. ... she'Lo li'Shemo - is Chayav.

(b)The reason for ...

1. ... the former ruling is - because a Pesach li'Shemo not in its fixed time is Pasul, and, as we learned earlier, Rebbi Shimon maintains that a Shechitah Pesulah is not considered a Shechitah.

2. ... the latter ruling is - because a Pesach not in its time is Kasher ...

(c)... assuming that 'she'Lo li'Shemo' refers specifically to a Shelamim, which is what a Pesach becomes after the fourteenth.

12)

(a)We learn from the triple Lashon used by the Pasuk in Bo "ve'Shachtu oso Kol K'hal Adas Yisrael" - that the Korban Pesach must be Shechted in three groups ...

(b)... even if, for some reason, there are not so many people who are bringing a Korban Pesach.

(c)After the people of the first group begin to enter, they close the gates of the Azarah - as soon as it is full.

(d)Before they even begin to Shecht - two Kohanim blow a Teki'ah, Teru'ah and Teki'ah.

13)

(a)The Tana describes the entire procedure. He says that ...

1. ... the Kohanim stand - in rows leading from the Mizbe'ach.

2. ... all the Kohanim in each row hold either golden bowls or silver ones.

3. ... the bowls - have no base (i.e. they are pointed) ...

(b)... to prevent the Kohanim from placing them on the floor for a short while and forgetting about them (thereby causing the blood to congeal).

14)

(a)The Korban ...

1. ... can be Shechted - even by a Yisrael, but ...

2. ... only a Kohen is permitted to receive the blood in a bowl.

(b)After the Kabalas ha'Dam - the bowl of blood is passed along one of the rows from Kohen to Kohen until it reaches the Mizbe'ach ...

(c)... due to the principle - 'be'Rov Am hadras Melech' (the more people involved, the greater the honor of the King).

(d)The Kohanim are careful to receive the full bowl of blood from one side before receiving the empty one (from which the blood has already sprinkled) from the other, based on the principle - 'Ein Ma'avirin al ha'Mitzvos' (one does not let a Miztvah pass by), since receiving the full bowl is part of the Mitzvah of Halachah (taking the blood to the Mizzbe'ach), whereas receiving the empty one is not.

15)

(a)The Kohen who is nearest to the Mizbe'ach - then sprinkles once from the bowl towards the Y'sod.

(b)The Tana uses the word 'Zorko' rather than 'Nosno' - because 'Nosno' implies with the finger, and the only Korban whose blood is sprinkled with the finger is a Chatas.

(c)When the Tana states that the Kohen sprinkles the blood 'Keneged ha'Yesod', he means (not directly on to it, but) on a part of the wall of the Mizbe'ach, from where it will make its way to the Y'sod ...

(d)... to preclude the majority of the eastern and southern walls of the Mizbe'ach, which did not have a Y'sod.

16)

(a)After the first two groups have finished bringing their Pesachim - the third group enters the Azarah.

(b)There are no differences between the procedures of the three groups.

(c)Whilst each group brings its Pesachim - they recite Hallel (See Tos. Yom-Tov & Tiferes Yisrael).

(d)They start - the moment they begin Shechting.

(e)Should they conclude Hallel before all the Korbanos of that group have been Shechted - they recite it all over again.

17)

(a)In the event that they finish reciting Hallel a second time and there are still Korbanos to be Shechted, they recite it a third time. We attribute the fact that they never finished the third time round - to the numbers of Kohanim and their Z'rizus (speed at which they worked).

(b)Rebbi Yehudah maintains that the third group - never even got as far as 'Ahavti ki Yishma' ...

(c)... because it numbered so few people (See also Tiferes Yisrael).

18)

(a)There is no difference between the procedure concerning the Korban Pesach on Shabbos and that of weekdays (See Tos. Yom-Tov). The Tana comments on the fact that the Kohanim used to wash the floor of the Azarah (even on Shabbos) that - they did so without the consent of the Chachamim.

(b)They did it - because, due to the vast amount of Korbanos brought on Erev Pesach, the marble floor would have inevitably become unusually dirty.

(c)They obtained the water to wash it - from the stream that flowed through the Azarah, and ...

(d)... they washed it - by stopping up its outlet.

(e)The Chachamim objected to the Kohanim washing the floor of the Azarah on Shabbos - due to a general Isur of washing floors, in case one comes to fill in holes in the ground (See Tos. Yom-Tov)

19)

(a)According to Rebbi Yehudah, the Kohanim gather a cup of blood from the floor of the Azarah - which they then sprinkle once on the Mizbe'ach ...

(b)... because due to the vast amount of Pesachim that are brought, some of the bowls are bound to have spilt (after the Kabalas ha'Dam [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).

(c)The Chachamim disagree with him however - because they hold that the Dam ha'Shechitah is Bateil in the Dam ha'Tamtzis (the rest of the blood that flows from the Shechted animal's neck [which is Pasul for sprinkling on the Mizbe'ach]).

(d)Rebbi Yehudah however, holds - that blood is not Mevatel blood ('Miyn be'Miyno Eino Bateil).

(e)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.

20)

(a)After the animals had been Shechted, the owners skinned them - by suspending them on hooks that were attached to the walls of the Azarah and to pillars that were set up in the Beis-ha'Mitbachayim (Tiferes Yisrael).

(b)Those who could not find an available hook - took a specially prepared peeled stick, which he would arrange with one end on his left shoulder and the other on the left shoulder of his friend, from which he would suspend his Pesach.

(c)Rebbi Eliezer maintains that they on Erev Pesach that fell on Shabbos - they would suspend the lamb on their left arms, and proceed to skin it with their right.

(d)The Chachamim disagree with Rebbi Eliezer however, inasmuch as they hold that 'Ein Sh'vus ba'Mikdash' (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(e)The Halachah - is like the Chachamim.

21)

(a)They then tear open the suspended animals and remove the Emurim - (the Chalavim [See also Tos. Yom-Tov & Tiferes Yisrael]) ...

(b)... which they place into a dish and which a Kohen subsequently burns on the Mizbe'ach.

(c)On a regular weekday - one takes the body of the Pesach to one's waiting family in the city of Yerushalayim in order to roast it.

(d)The Mishnah now describes the procedure on Shabbos. The first group take the body of the Pesach to the Har ha'Bayis to await nightfall ...

1. ... the second group - take it to the Chil (an area inside the Har ha'Bayis), whilst ...

2. ... the third group - remain standing in the Azarah (See Tiferes Yisrael), waiting for nightfall.

(e)They do not go 'home' immediately to their families to roast their Pesachim - because roasting the Korban Pesach (which can wait for after nightfall) does not override Shabbos.