Mishnah 1
1)
(a)Why does the Mishnah require specifically pomegranate wood to be used to fashion spit-rods to roast the Korban Pesach?
(b)How does one fix the lamb on the spit-rod?
(c)According to Rebbi Yossi ha'Gelili, what does one do with the legs and the intestines (which are removed for washing), before roasting the lamb?
(d)On what grounds does Rebbi Akiva object to that?
(e)Where does one therefore place them, according to him?
1)
(a)The Mishnah requires specifically pomegranate wood to be used to fashion spit-rods to roast the Korban Pesach - because it is the only wood that does not exude water when it is heated.
(b)One fixes the lamb on the spit-rod - by pushing the sharpened end via the mouth through the body to the hole in the back passage.
(c)According to Rebbi Yossi ha'Gelili - one places the legs and the intestines (which are removed for washing) into the lamb's body cavity, before roasting it.
(d)Rebbi Akiva objects to that - on the grounds that it resembles cooking (whereas the Korban Pesach must be roasted.
(e)According to him - one skewers them on the spit-rod above the lamb's mouth (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 2
2)
(a)The Mishnah forbids roasting the Pesach on a Shapud. What is a 'Shapud'?
(b)What else does it incorporate in this prohibition?
(c)In the episode cited by Rebbi Tzadok, what did Raban Gamliel instruct his slave Tavi to go and do?
(d)What do we add to the initial ruling, to prevent Rebbi Tzadok's testimony from clashing with it?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
2)
(a)The Mishnah forbids roasting the Pesach on a Shapud - a spit-rod made of metal.
(b)It incorporates in the prohibition - a metal grill in this prohibition.
(c)In the episode cited by Rebbi Tzadok, Raban Gamliel instructed his slave Tavi to go and - roast a Pesach on their behalf on a metal grill.
(d)To prevent Rebbi Tzadok's testimony from clashing with the initial ruling, we add to it - that if the grill has holes, it is permitted (See Tos. Yom-Tov), and that is what Raban Gamliel was referring to as well.
(e)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Tzadok.
3)
(a)What does the Tana say one should do if ...
1. ... the Pesach touches the side of the oven?
2. ... some gravy splashes from the Pesach on to the oven and back on to the Basar of the Pesach?
(b)Why the difference?
3)
(a)The Tana rules that if ...
1. ... the Pesach touches the side of the oven - one peels off a layer of meat from the spot where it touched.
2. ... some gravy splashes from the Pesach on to the oven and back on to the Basar of the Pesach - one removes one fingers-breadth (K'dei Netilah) of meat ...
(b)... since hot gravy penetrates deeper into the meat than ythe heat of a dry oven (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
4)
(a)And what does he say in a case where some of the gravy dripped on to hot flour?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Why must one then burn the flour?
4)
(a)And in a case where some of the gravy dripped on to hot flour - one removes a Kemitzah (a hand-breadth) ...
(b)... because it renders the gravy Pasul, since it has now been roasted via other means (than the direct fire), and the Pasul gravy in turn, renders the flour Pasul as well.
(c)The flour must then be burned - like other Kodshim that becomes Pasul (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 3
5)
(a)What is the Din regarding a Pesach Kasher that the owner has smeared with Terumah oil?
(b)What does one do with it assuming the entire group consists of Kohanim?
(c)What do they do if some of them are Yisre'eilim, assuming the lamb is
1. ... still raw?
2. ... already roasted?
(d)What does the Tana say about a Korban Pesach that has been smeared with Ma'aser Sheini oil?
(e)Why is that?
5)
(a)A Pesach Kasher that the owner has smeared with Terumah oil - is Kasher.
(b)Assuming the entire group consists of Kohanim - they are permitted to eat it.
(c)If some of them are Yisre'eilim, assuming the lamb is ...
1. ... still raw - they wash the oil off (and wait for it to dry (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... already roasted - they peel off one layer of flesh and eat the rest (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d)The Tana rules that a Korban Pesach that has been smeared with Ma'aser Sheini oil - cannot subsequently be charged to the members of the group (as other Pesachim are [but must therefore be distributed to them free of charge]) ...
(e)... since it is forbidden to redeem Ma'aser Sheini in Yerushalayim (See Tiferes Yisrael).
Mishnah 4
6)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses the Omer, the Sh'tei ha'Lechem, the Lechem ha'Panim, Zivchei Shalmei Tzibur and the goats of Rosh Chodesh that are brought be'Tum'ah. What are 'Zivchei Shalmei Tzibur'?
(b)When are they brought be'Tum'ah?
(c)What does the Tana say about all the above? What do they have in common?
6)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses the Omer, the Sh'tei ha'Lechem, the Lechem ha'Panim, Zivchei Shalmei Tzibur - (the two lambs that are brought on Shavu'os together with the Sh'tei ha'Lechem) and the goats of Rosh Chodesh that are brought be'Tum'ah ...
(b)... in the event that the majority of the Tzibur are Tamei.
(c)The Tana now rules - that even though they are all brought be'Tum'ah, they cannot be eaten be'Tum'ah.
7)
(a)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Beha'aloscha (in connection with the Korban Pesach) ...
1. ... "Ta'asu oso be'Mo'ado"?
2. ... "Ish Ish ki Yih'yeh Tamei la'Nefesh"?
(b)And what do we learn from the Pasuk in Pinchas (in connection with the Korb'nos Tzibur) "be'Mo'adeichem"?
7)
(a)We learn from the Pasuk in Beha'aloscha ...
1. ... "Ta'asu oso be'Mo'ado" - that the Korban Pesach can be brought be'Tum'ah.
2. ... "Ish Ish ki Yih'yeh Tamei la'Nefesh" - that it is only a Yachid who must bring a Pesach sheini be'Tum'ah, but that a Tzibur brings the Pesach Rishon even be'Tum'ah.
(b)And we learn from the Pasuk in Pinchas (in connection with the Korb'nos Tzibur) "be'Mo'adeichem" - that the same applies to all Korb'nos Tzibur (See also Tos. Yom-Tov).
8)
(a)When the Tana say 'Five things', rather than just 'Korb'nos Tzibur, what is he coming to preclude?
(b)Why would we otherwise have thought that Chagigas ha'Regalim overrides Tum'ah?
(c)Why does the Tana omit Se'irei ha'Regalim from the list?
(d)Then why does he include Se'irei Roshei Chodashim?
8)
(a)When the Tana say 'Five things', rather than just 'Korb'nos Tzibur, he is coming to preclude the - Chagigas ha'Regalim, which does not override Tum'ah.
(b)We would otherwise have thought that it does - because it comes 'bi'Chenufyah' (i.e. all members of the community bring it simultaneously, so that it resembles a Korban Tzibur).
(c)The Tana omits Se'irei ha'Regalim from the list - because they are included in Zivchei Shalmei Tzibur.
(d)And the reason that he includes Se'irei Roshei Chodashim is - because the source for all the Korb'nos Tzibur is the Pasuk in Pinchas "Eileh Ta'asu la'Hashem be'Mo'adeichem", as we explained earlier, and the Torah does not use the term "Mo'ed" with regard to Rosh Chodesh (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
9)
(a)What is the sole exception to the rule (that is both brought and also eaten be'Tum'ah)?
(b)Why is that?
(c)From which Pasuk in Bo do we learn it?
9)
(a)The sole exception to the above rule (that is both brought and also eaten be'Tum'ah) is - 'the Korban Pesach ...
(b)... because, unlike other Korbanos, eating is a crucial part of the Korban ...
(c)... as the Pasuk states in Bo - "Ish L'fi Ochlo Tochosu al ha'Seh".
Mishnah 5
10)
(a)What does the Mishnah rule in a case where ...
1. ... the Basar of the Pesach became Tamei and the Cheilev did not?
2. ... the Cheilev became Tamei and the Basar did not?
(b)What is the Din regarding other Korbanos? How does the Din there differ from the Korban Pesach?
(c)Why the difference?
10)
(a)The Mishnah rules, in a case where ...
1. ... the Basar of the Pesach became Tamei and the Cheilev did not - that one may not sprinkle the blood.
2. ... the Cheilev became Tamei and the Basar did not - that one may.
(b)The Din regarding other Korbanos is - that either way, one can sprinkle the blood.
(c)The reason for the difference is - because whereas the Pesach is initially brought with the intention of eating it, other Korbanos are not, as we just explained.
Mishnah 6
11)
(a)The Mishnah cites two cases where the Pesach is brought be'Tum'ah. One is where the Kahal or the majority of the Kahal are Tamei. What is the other?
(b)What kind of Tum'ah is the Tana talking about?
(c)What do the minority of people who are Tahor do in the latter case?
(d)Which principle determines this ruling?
(e)What happens if only the minority of the Kahal are Tamei?
11)
(a)The Mishnah cites two cases where the Pesach is brought be'Tum'ah. One is where the Kahal or the majority of the Kahal are Tamei, the other - where the Kohanim are Tamei (even if the Kahal is Tahor).
(b)The Tana is talking about - Tum'as Meis (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)In the latter case, the minority of people who are Tahor - also bring the Pesach be'Tum'ah ...
(d)... due to the principle 'Ein Korban Tzibur Chaluk' (One may not divide the Korban into two sections [See He'aros in Mishnayos 'Zeicher Chanoch' & Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(e)If only the minority of the Kahal are Tamei - they bring a Pesach Sheini, whereas the majority bring the Pesach Rishon.
Mishnah 7
12)
(a)On what grounds does the Mishnah declare Kasher a Tamei Pesach whose Tum'ah is discovered only after the blood has already been sprinkled?
(b)Is it the Basar or the Dam that is discovered to be Tamei?
(c)What if it is the owner who discovers that he is Tamei?
(d)Why is that?
12)
(a)The Mishnah declares Kasher a Tamei Pesach whose Tum'ah is discovered only after the blood has already been sprinkled - because the Tzitz atones for the Tum'ah ...
(b)... irrespective of whether it is the Basar or the Dam that is discovered to be Tamei.
(c)If it is the owner who discovers that he is Tamei - he is Chayav to bring a Pesach Sheini ...
(d)... because Chazal have said - that the Tzitz atones for Tum'as Dam but not Tum'as ha'Guf.
13)
(a)In which case besides that of Korban Pesach do we say 'Tzitz Meratzeh'?
(b)What are the ramifications of this ruling?
(c)What happens to a Nazir who becomes Tamei Meis before having brought his Korbanos (See Tos. Yom-Tov)?
13)
(a)Besides the case of Korban Pesach, we say 'Tzitz Meratzeh' - with regard to a Nazir whose Korban became Tamei through a Meis.
(b)Consequently - his shaving is Kasher, and permits him to drink wine and to become Tamei Meis.
(c)A Nazir who becomes Tamei Meis before having brought his Korbanos - must begin his Nezirus all over again (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
14)
(a)The Tzitz also atones for Tum'as ha'Tehom. What is 'Tum'as ha'Tehom'?
(b)To which Korban does the Heter of Tum'as ha'Tehom apply, to Pesach or to Nazir?
(c)What are the ramifications of this ruling?
(d)What is the source of Tum'as ha'Tehom?
14)
(a)The Tzitz also atones for Tum'as ha'Tehom - (Tum'as Meis that was not previously known to be there).
(b)The Heter of Tum'as ha'Tehom applies - both to Pesach and to Nazir.
(c)Consequently - if a Nazir or somebody who is bringing a Korban Pesach, discovers after having brought his respective Korban, that he has become Tamei by means of a Meis that was not previously known to have been there - the Tzitz atones for the Tum'ah, and they are Patur from Pesach Sheini.
(d)The source of Tum'as ha'Tehom is 'Halachah le'Moshe mi"Sinai.
Mishnah 8
15)
(a)What does one do with a Pesach that became Tamei?
(b)What distinction does the Mishnah draw between a case where, on the one hand, the entire lamb or most of it became Tamei and on the other, only the minority?
(c)What is the reason for the former ruling?
(d)What is the reason for the concession allowing them to use wood from the Ma'arachah to burn it?
15)
(a)A Pesach that became Tamei - must be burnt.
(b)The Mishnah rules that if the entire lamb or most of it became Tamei - one burns it in front of the Beis-Hamikdash, whereas if only the minority became Tamei (Nitma Mi'uto) - they may burn it in their courtyards or on their roofs (wherever they want).
(c)The reason for the former ruling is - in order to shame them, to discourage them from letting it happen again.
(d)The reason for the concession allowing them to use wood from the Ma'arachah to burn it (See Tos. Yom-Tov) is - in order not to shame a poor person who cannot afford to purchase wood (See Tiferes Yisrael).
16)
(a)Which other case does the Tana add to that of 'Nitma Mi'uto'?
(b)The Mishnah cites the Tzaikanin. Who were the 'Tzaikanin'?
(c)What did they used to do?
16)
(a)The Tana adds - Nosar to the case of 'Nitma Mi'uto'
(b)The Mishnah cites the Tzaikanin - (miserly people) ...
(c)... who used to burn the minority of their Korban Pesach in front of the Beis-Hamikdash, in order to take advantage of the free wood that was available there (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 9
17)
(a)The Mishnah discusses a Korban Pesach that is either Yotzei or Tamei. What does 'Yotzei' mean?
(b)What does the Tana say that one does with ...
1. ... it?
2. ... a Pesach whose owner became Tamei or died?
(c)In the latter case, when does one subsequently burn it?
17)
(a)The Mishnah discusses a Korban Pesach that is either Yotzei - (that has been taken outside the walls of Yerushalayim) or Tamei.
(b)The Tana rules that ...
1. ... it must be burned immediately.
2. ... a Pesach whose owner became Tamei or died- must be left overnight (to become Nosar [Te'ubar Tzuraso]), and then burned ...
(c)... on the sixteenth.
18)
(a)On what grounds does Rebbi Yochanan ben Berokah hold that, in the previous case too, the Pesach is burnt immediately?
(b)On what condition does he concede to the Tana Kama that it requires Ibur Tzurah?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
18)
(a)Rebbi Yochanan ben Berokah holds that, in the previous case too, the Pesach is burnt immediately - since there is nobody to eat it (in which case it is considered a real P'sul ha'Guf).
(b)He concedes to the Tana Kama that it requires Ibur Tzurah however - there where the owner became Tamei or died after the blood was sprinkled.
(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 10
19)
(a)What happens to the bones, the Gidin (sinews) and the remains of the Basar (Nosar)?
(b)What sort of bones is the Mishnah referring to?
(c)What is the problem with the Gidin?
(d)What is the answer? Why indeed, can one not eat them?
(e)Seeing as one is forbidden to eat them, why must they be burnt?
19)
(a)The bones, the Gidin (sinews) and the remains of the Basar (Nosar) - are burned on the sixteenth of Nisan (on Chol ha'Mo'ed).
(b)The bones the Mishnah is referring to - are bones that contain marrow, which is edible and is therefore considered Basar.
(c)The problem with the Gidin is - why they need to be burned? Why can they not be eaten?
(d)The answer is - that the Tana is talking about Gidin that one is not permitted to eat, such as the Gid ha'Nasheh.
(e)And the reason that they need to be burned is because he is referring specifically to the fat of the Gid ha'Nasheh, which is merely a Chumra, or the outer Gid, which is only Asur mi'de'Rabbanan.
20)
(a)What if the sixteenth of Nisan falls on Shabbos?
(b)It is obvious that the Mitzvah to burn the above cannot be performed on Shabbos. But why can one not burn them on Yom-Tov?
(c)Why does the Asei to burn them not override the Lo Sa'aseh of Yom-Tov?
20)
(a)If the sixteenth of Nisan falls on Shabbos, then - one burns them on the seventeenth.
(b)It is obvious that the Mitzvah to burn the above cannot be performed on Shabbos (See Tos. Yom-Tov). It cannot be burned on Yom-Tov either however - since burning Kodshim is forbidden on Yom-Tov as well as on Shabbos.
(c)The reason that the Asei to burn them doe not override the Lo Sa'aseh of Yom-Tov - is due to the fact that Yom-Yov is both an Asei and a Lo Sa'aseh (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 11
21)
(a)What sort of Basar does the Tana consider not fit to eat on a tender kid-goat?
(b)What are the ramifications of this statement?
(c)And he gives examples of Basar that one can eat as Rashei Kenafayim ve'ha'Sechusim. What is ...
1. ... 'Rashei Kenafayim'?
2. ... 'Sechusim'?
21)
(a)The sort of Basar that the Tana considers not fit to eat on a tender kid-goat is - Basar that would be too hard to eat on a fully-grown ox even when it is completely-cooked.
(b)The ramifications of this statement are - that one cannot fulfil one's obligation by eating a k'Zayis of just that Basar.
(c)And he gives examples of Basar that one can eat as ...
1. ... 'Rashei Kenafayim' - (the grizzle on the tip of the spoon of the shoulder-bone).
2. ... 've'ha'Sechusim' - (the grizzle on the middle section of the ear, the chest and the small ribs that are found at the end of the spinal-cord).
22)
(a)What dos the Mishnah say about someone who ...
1. ... breaks the bone of a Tahor Pesach?
2. ... leaves over part of a Tahor Pesach?
3. ... breaks the bone of a Tamei Pesach?
(b)One reason for the second of the previous rulings is because it is a La'av she'Ein bo Ma'aseh'. What is the other reason, based on the Pasuk in Bo "ve'Lo Sosiru ... ve'ha'Nosar mimenu ... ba'Eish Tisrofu"?
(c)And how do we extrapolate the third ruling from the Pasuk there "ve'Etzem Lo Sishb'ru bo"?
22)
(a)The Mishnah rules that someone who ...
1. ... breaks the bone of a Tahor Pesach - is subject to Malkos, but not someone who ...
2. ... leaves over part of a Tahor Pesach or who ...
3. ... breaks the bone of a Tamei Pesach.
(b)One reason for the second of the previous rulings is because it is a La'av she'Ein bo Ma'aseh'; the other is because, based on the Pasuk in Bo "ve'Lo Sosiru ... ve'ha'Nosar mimenu ... ba'Eish Tisrofu" - it is a 'La'av ha'Nitak la'Asei' (if one has transgressed the La'av, then one fulfils the Asei), on which there is no further punishment.
(c)And we extrapolate the third ruling from the Pasuk there "ve'Etzem Lo Sishb'ru bo" - by darshening "Bo" 'be'Tahor', ve'Lo be'Tamei' (confining the prohibition to a Tahor Pesach).
Mishnah 12
23)
(a)From which Pasuk in Mishpatim do we learn that Kodshim which leave their precincts may not be eaten?
(b)What are the ramifications of this Halachah regarding ...
1. ... Kodshei Kodshim?
2. ... Kodshim Kalim?
(c)What does one therefore do if ...
1. ... a limb of one's (Shechted) Korban Pesach leaves the precincts of Yerushalayim?
2. ... part of a limb of one's Korban Pesach leaves the precincts of Yerushalayim?
(d)What does one do if part of a limb of other Kodshim Kalim leave the precincts of Yerushalayim?
(e)Then why can one not do the same with the Korban Pesach?
23)
(a)We learn that Kodshim which leave their precincts may not be eaten from the Pasuk in Mishpatim - "u'Basar ba'Sadeh T'reifah Lo socheilu".
(b)The ramifications of this Halachah regarding ...
1. ... Kodshei Kodshim are - that they may not leave the precincts of the Azarah.
2. ... Kodshim Kalim are - that they may not leave the precincts of Yerushalayim.
(c)Consequently, if ...
1. ... a limb of one's (Shechted) Korban Pesach leaves the precincts of Yerushalayim - one severs it and eats the rest.
2. ... part of a limb of one's Korban Pesach leaves the precincts of Yerushalayim - one cuts the flesh at the point where it left to the bone, before peeling the flesh from the part of the bone that is still inside, upon which one removes the entire bone and throws it out (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d)If part of a limb of other Kodshim Kalim leave the precincts of Yerushalayim - one simply cuts the bone at that point and throws it out.
(e)One cannot do the same with the Korban Pesach however - since breaking bones of a Korban Pesach is prohibited.
24)
(a)To define exactly where the precincts of Yerushalayim begin, the Mishnah writes 'min ha'Agaf ve'Lifenim, ke'Lifrnim ... '. What is the 'Agaf'?
(b)What status does the Tana ascribe to ...
1. ... the windows?
2. ... the thickness of the walls?
(c)What is the practical application of the latter ruling?
24)
(a)To define exactly where the precincts of Yerushalayim begin, the Mishnah writes 'min ha'Agaf ve'Lifenim, ke'Lifenim ... '. The 'Agaf' is - the point on the lintel against which the door bangs (See Tos. Yov).
(b)The Tana considers ...
1. ... the windows as well as ...
2. ... the thickness of the walls - inside Yerushalayim.
(c)The practical application of the latter ruling is - that one is allowed to take one's Pesach on to the top of the wall of Yerushalayim.
Mishnah 13
25)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a group that have split into two and that are eating their Korban Pesach in two locations in the same room?
(b)Why is there no problem with the Korban Pesach being eaten in two different locations?
(c)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Bo ...
1. ... "al ha'Batim (in the plural) asher Yochlu oso"?
2. ... "ba'Bayis Eched Ye'achel"?
25)
(a)The Mishnah permits a group that have split into two and that are eating their Korban Pesach in two locations in the same room - to turn their faces in different direction (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)There is no problem with the Korban Pesach being eaten in two different locations - as long as each group eats the Pesach in its chosen location.
(c)We learn from the Pasuk in Bo ...
1. ... "al ha'Batim asher Yochlu oso" - that the Korban Pesach may be divided into two and eaten in two different locations.
2. ... "ba'Bayis Eched Ye'achel" - that a person cannot eat his piece of Korban Pesach in two different locations.
26)
(a)The Tana permits placing the hot kettle in between the two groups. What purpose does the kettle serve?
(b)What is the Chidush?
26)
(a)The Tana permits placing the hot kettle - (used for diluting wine) in between the two groups.
(b)The Chidush is - that we do not even mind if something divides between the two groups (See also Tiferes Yisrael).
27)
(a)What two things must the Shamash who is serving both groups do whenever he goes to dilute wine (during the meal, for the group to which he does not belong)?
(b)Why is that?
(c)What does the Mishnah say about a Kalah turning her face away whilst eating?
(d)What is the reason for this?
27)
(a)Whenever the Shamash who is serving both groups goes to dilute wine (during the meal, for the group to which he does not belong) - he must close his mouth and turn his face towards his own group ...
(b)... so that they do not suspect him of eating with the group that he is currently serving.
(c)The Mishnah - permits a Kalah to turn her face away whilst eating ...
(d)... because she is shy to eat in front of other people (and one is permitted to eat the Pesach in two locations, as we learned earlier). See also Tiferes Yisrael and Tos. Yom Tov.
