Mishnah 1
1)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about Toveling an ax, say, whose handle is fitted ...
1. ... crookedly?
2. ... straight but is not fitted properly?
3. ... properly, but which is broken?
(b)And what does the Tana say about Toveling a vessel ...
1. ... opening first (upside-down)?
2. ... the right way up, but without immersing the Ziburis in the water? What is Ziburis?
3. ... that is narrow at both ends but wide in the middle?
(c)And what about Toveling a vessel with a sunken neck, which does not allow the water in even when it is turned on its side?
(d)The same applies to a Kalmarin. What is a Kalmarin?
(e)What does the Mishnah say about the Kalmarin of Yosef ha'Kohen?
1)
(a)The Mishnah that if one Tovels an ax, say, whose handle is fitted ...
1. ... crookedly, or ...
2. ... straight but is not fitted properly, or ...
3. ... properly, but which is broken (see Tos. Yom-Tov) - the handle is a Chatzitzah.
(b)The Tana also rules that if one Tovels a vessel ...
1. ... opening first (upside-down) - it is as if one has not Toveled it (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... the right way up, but without immersing the Ziburis (a handle or any other accessory that is fixed to it [see also Tos. Yom-Tov), or ...
3. ... which is narrow at both ends but wide in the middle - the Tevilah is not valid unless one turns the vessel on its side, so that the water touches every part of it (see Mishnah Achronah).
(c)And regarding Toveling a vessel with a sunken neck, which does not allow the water in, even when it is turned on its side - the Tana requires drilling a hole in the side (to allow the water to enter the inside.
(d)The same applies to a Kalmarin - an ink-well.
(e)Indeed, says the Mishnah - the Kalmarin of Yosef ha'Kohen had a hole drilled in the side.
Mishnah 2
2)
(a)What must one be careful to do when Toveling a leather quilt-cover or cushion?
(b)Why is that?
(c)On what condition is that not necessary in the case of the cushion?
2)
(a)When Toveling a leather quilt-cover or cushion (Kar va'Keses [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) - one must be careful to ensure that the water gets to the inside, too ...
(b)... because one tends to sometimes open them and add to or remove from what is inside.
(c)That is not necessary in the case of - a small round cushion.
3)
(a)What does the Tana say about Toveling ...
1. ... a leather ball or a shoe-form (on which one shapes the shoe that is being manufactured)?
2. ... a Kami'ah/amulet or the Batim of the Tefilin shel Yad and the shel Rosh?
(b)What principle governs this Mishnah?
3)
(a)The Tana rules that when Toveling ...
1. ... a leather ball or a shoe-form (on which one shapes the shoe that is being manufactured) ...
2. ... a Kami'ah/amulet or the Batim of the Tefilin shel Yad and the shel Rosh (see Tos. Yom-Tov) - the water does not need to get to the inside.
(b)The principle that governs this Mishnah is that - any object from which one does not tend to place into or take out from, may be Toveled sealed.
Mishnah 3
4)
(a)The first three things in the Tana's list of things that do not constitute a Chatzitzah (even though the water cannot penetrate them) are Kishrei Ani (the torn clothes of a poor man that are torn and that he ties to hide the tear) Nimin, and Chevet shel Sandal. What is ...
1. ... Nimin?
2. ... Chevet shel Sandal?
(b)Why are they (and the remaining items in the list) not Chotzetz?
4)
(a)The first three things in the Tana's list of things that do not constitute a Chatzitzah (even though the water cannot penetrate them) are Kishrei Ani (the torn clothes of a poor man that are torn and that he ties to hide the tear) ...
1. ... Nimin' - the strands that hang from the end of a sheet that have been tied into ornamental tufts.
2. ... Chevet shel Sandal - the knots that tie the straps of a sandal to the sandal
(b)They (and the remaining items in the list) are not Chotzetz - because they are never meant to be untied.
5)
(a)On what condition is the strap not Chotzetz, should one need to Tovel ...
1. ... the Tefilin shel Rosh?
2. ... the Tefilin shel Zero'a (shel Yad)?
(b)The last two items on the list are Oznei ha'Cheimes and Oznei ha'Tarmol (the handles of a shepherd's satchel). What are Oznei ha'Cheimes?
(c)What does the T'nach call a Tarmol?
5)
(a)The strap is not Chotzetz, should one need to Tovel ...
1. ... the Tefilin shel Rosh - provided it is firm (and does not need to be adjusted.
2. ... the Tefilin shel Zero'a (shel Yad) - provided it is very tight (see Tiferes Yisrael).
(b)The last two items on the list are Oznei ha'Cheimes (the handles of a flask which are generally knotted), and Oznei ha'Tarmol - the handles of a shepherd's satchel.
(c)The T'nach calls a Tarmol - "Yalkut".
Mishnah 4
6)
(a)The Mishnah opens the list of things that do constitute a Chatzitzah with ha'Kesher she'ba'Pirkasin she'ba'Katef (the knot with which one ties the shoulders of one's vest when putting it on) and Safah shel Sadin (the edge of a sheet). What must one do to the latter to ensure that the Tevilah is valid?
(b)What does the Tana say about Tefilin shel Rosh and Tefilin shel Yad?
(c)What are Shenatzin shel Sandal (as opposed to Chevet shel Sandal that we learned earlier)?
6)
(a)The Mishnah opens the list of things that do constitute a Chatzitzah with ha'Kesher she'ba'Pirkasin she'ba'Katef (the knot with which one ties the shoulders of one's vest when putting it on) and Safah shel Sadin (the edge of a sheet) - which must be stretched to ensure that the Tevilah is valid.
(b)The Tana rules that - if the knots of the Tefilin shel Rosh and Tefilin shel Yad are not firm and need to be readjusted, they are Chotzetz.
(c)Shenatzin shel Sandal (as opposed to Chevet shel Sandal ythat we discussed earlier) - are knots that one makes in the straps when tying the sandal to one's foot.
7)
(a)What distinction does the Tana finally draw between Toveling clothes that have been washed, that are still wet on the one hand, and that have dried, on the other?
(b)What is the reason for ...
1. ... the latter ruling?
2. ... the former ruling?
7)
(a)The Tana finally rules that when Toveling clothes that have been washed, and that are still wet, for the Tevilah to be valid, one needs to wait until bubbles appear on the surface; whereas if the clothes have dried - one needs to wait until the bubbles have stopped ...
(b)...
1. ... because the bubbles stop the moment the water reaches every part of the garment (and not before).
2. ... whereas in the former case, the water that is absorbed in the garment becaomes Tahor when it touches the water in the Mikvah (via Hashakah [See Mishnah 6]).
Mishnah 5
8)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about Toveling vessels with long handles that one intends to shorten?
(b)Why is the point where the part that one does need is still joined to the point that one does not, not considered a Chatzitzah?
(c)Why does the fact that the water cannot get there not disqualify the Tevilah?
(d)What is the basis for the difference between the Tevilah of a person and that of a vessel in this regard?
8)
(a)The Mishnah rules that when Toveling vessels with long handles that one intends to shorten - the water only needs to reach up to the point that one intends to cut off.
(b)The point where the part that one does need is still joined to the point that one does not, is not considered a Chatzitzah - because, like the Tevilah of a person, Beis ha'Setarim does not require the water to get there.
(c)The fact that the water cannot get there does not disqualify the Tevilah either - because, unlike the Tevilah of a person, it does not even require the water to be able to get there either ...
(d)... because the owner is not fussy about it.
9)
(a)What does Rebbi Yehudah hold?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah?
9)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah - requires the entire handle to be immersed.
(b)The Halachah is like - the Tana Kama.
10)
(a)By the same token, it is not necessary to Tovel the entire chain with which one lowers a bucket into the well. How many Tefachim of a chain does the Tana require to be immersed, assuming the bucket is ...
1. ... large?
2. ... small?
(b)The Tana Kama validates the Tevilah, even if the above Shi'ur finishes in the middle of a link. What does R. Tarfon say?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
10)
(a)By the same token, it is not necessary to Tovel the entire chain with which one lowers a bucket into the well. The Tana requires ...
1. ... four Tefachim to be immersed in the case of a large bucket (See Tiferes Yisrael), and ...
2. ... ten Tefachim in the case of a small one.
(b)The Tana Kama validates the Tevilah, even if the above Shi'ur finishes in the middle of a link. R. Tarfon - requires the entire link to be immersed.
(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
11)
(a)On what condition is a rope that is tied to a box considered joined to the box?
(b)What are the ramifications of this ruling?
11)
(a)A rope that is tied to a box is considered joined to the box - only if it is actually stitched to it.
(b)Consequently - if one Tovels the box when it is not, the rope constitutes a Chatzitzah.
Mishnah 6
12)
(a)What is the difference between Toveling food and Toveling water?
(b)On what basis is the latter effective?
(c)What do Beis Shamai say about Toveling ...
1. ... hot water in a cold Mikvah, or vice-versa?
2. ... drinkable water in a Mikvah of non-drinkable water or vice-versa?
(d)What do Beis-Hillel say?
12)
(a)Food cannot be Toveled, water can.
(b)The latter is effective - on the basis of Hashakah (also known as Zeri'ah [sowing, see Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(c)Beis Shamai disqualify ...
1. ... hot water that is Toveled in a cold Mikvah or vice-versa, and ...
2. ... drinkable water that is Toveled in a Mikvah of non-drinkable water, or vice-versa (see Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'Ein Matbilin').
(d)Beis-Hillel - declare the Tevilah valid.
13)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about Toveling a vessel that is full of (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
1. ... wine, oil or fruit-juice?
2. ... urine?
(b)What if the vessel is full of Mei Chatas?
(c)R. Yossi is more stringent than the Tana Kama regarding the previous rulings. What does he say?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
13)
(a)The Mishnah rules that Toveling a vessel that is full of (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
1. ... wine, oil or fruit-juice - is Pasul.
2. ... urine - the Tevilah is valid (because urine is like water [like Beis Hillel] see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)If the vessel is full of Mei Chatas - then the Tevilah is valid only if there is more water than Mei Chatas (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)R. Yossi maintains that - even if the vessel holds a Kur (thirty Sa'ah) and it contains only one Revi'is (ha'Log) of Mei Chatas or other liquids, the Tevilah is Pasul.
(d)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 7
14)
(a)The Mishnah disqualifies a Kohen who eats half a P'ras of Tamei food from eating Terumah. If, according to Rashi, half a P'ras is two k'Beitzim, how much is it according to the Rambam?
(b)What is the equivalent Shi'ur for liquids?
(c)What constitutes a liquid in this regard?
14)
(a)The Mishnah disqualifies a Kohen who eats half a P'ras of Tamei food from eating Terumah. According to Rashi, half a P'ras is two k'Beitzim; According to the Rambam - it is one and a half k'Beitzim.
(b)The equivalent Shi'ur for liquids is - a Revi'is (ha'Log).
(c)A liquid in this regard is - one of the seven liquids: water, wine, olive-oil, honey, milk, blood and dew.
15)
(a)What if the Kohen eats the Shi'ur of either solids or liquids made of different kinds of either one or the other?
(b)From which Pasuk in Shemini do we learn this?
(c)What might the Tana mean when he concludes that this is a Chumra of someone who drinks Tamei liquids over the Din of a Mikvah, because they made other liquid like water? What are the two possible ramifications of this statement?
15)
(a)If the Kohen eats the Shi'ur of either solids or liquids made of different kinds of either one or the other - they combine to render him Tamei.
(b)We learn this from the Pasuk in Shemini - "mi'Kol ha'Ochel asher Ye'achel, u'mi'Kol Mashkeh asher Yishaseh" (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)When the Tana concludes that this is a Chumra of someone who drinks Tamei liquids over the Din of a Mikvah 'because they made other liquid like water', he means either that - other liquids require three Lugin (twelve Revi'is) to invalidate a Mikvah or that other liquids cannot complement the Shi'ur Mikvah.
Mishnah 8
16)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a Kohen who eats Tamei food, Tovels and then vomits the food (see Mishnah Achronah)?
(b)Why is that?
(c)If the same applies to Tamei liquid, why does the Tana then rule that if he drank water, the water is Tahor?
16)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if a Kohen eats Tamei food, Tovels and then vomits the food (see Mishnah Achronah) - the food remains Tamei ...
(b)... since food is not subject to Tevilah, and ...
(c)... the same applies to Tamei liquid, but not to water (which is Tahor), because water is subject to Hashakah, as we learned earlier.
17)
(a)What does the Tana say about someone who swallows a ring that is Tahor before entering a room where a dead person is lying, and is then sprinkled with the ashes of the Parah Adumah? What is the status of the ring when it emerges from his body?
(b)Why is that?
(c)And what does he say about a Kohen who swallows ...
1. ... a Tamei ring? Why is that?
2. ... a Tamei ring and who vomits it? Why is that?
17)
(a)The Tana rules that if someone swallows a ring that is Tahor before entering a room where a dead person is lying and is then sprinkled with the ashes of the Parah Adumah - the ring remains Tahor ...
(b)... because the person prevents what is inside him from becoming Tamei (Tum'ah Belu'ah [see Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(c)He also rules that if a Kohen swallows ...
1. ... a Tamei ring - he is permitted to eat Terumah, since Tum'ah Belu'ah is not Metamei the person who swallowed it).
2. ... a Tamei ring and who vomits it - the ring remains Tamei and is Metamei the person as it emerges (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
18)
(a)On what condition is an arrow that is stuck in a person's body considered a Chatzitzah?
(b)What if the arrow that is not visible is Tamei?
18)
(a)An arrow that is stuck in a person's body is considered a Chatzitzah - provided it is visible (see Tiferes Yisrael). If not, the Tevilah is valid and if he is a Kohen, he may eat Terumah at night-time ...
(b)... even if the arrow is Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
Hadran alach Perek 'Kol Yados ha'Keilim' ve'Nishl'mah Maseches Mikva'os
