Mishnah 1
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses an open skylight. Assuming that it measures a square Amah, what does the Tana say about Keilim that are ...
1. ... underneath the skylight, if the Tum'ah is anywhere in the room?
2. ... anywhere in the room if the Tum'ah is lying underneath the skylight?
(b)In a case where someone places his leg across the skylight (irrespective of where the Tum'ah is lying), what does he say regarding ...
1. ... the Keilim in the room?
2. ... the person whose leg is covering the skylight?
(c)And what does he say in a case where the k'Zayis Tum'ah is placed partially underneath the skylight and partially inside the room?
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses an open skylight. Assuming that it measures a square Amah the Tana rules that - if ...
1. ... the Keilim are lying underneath the skylight, they are Tahor irrespective of where the Tum'ah is lying.
2. ... the Tum'ah is lying underneath the skylight - the Keilim that are anywhere in the room are Tahor.
(b)In a case where someone places his leg (see Tos. Yom-Tov) across the skylight (irrespective of where the Tum'ah is lying), he rules that ...
1. ... the Keilim in the room are Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov), and so is ...
2. ... the person whose leg is covering the skylight.
(c)And in a case where the k'Zayis Tum'ah is placed partially underneath the skylight and partially inside the room - he rules that the Keilim that are in the room are Tamei (despite the fact that half the k'Zayis is underneath the skylight [see Tos. Yom-Tov]).
Mishnah 2
2)
(a)Assuming the skylight does not measure a square Tefach, what does the Tana say in a case where the Tum'ah is lying ...
1. ... in the room (regarding Keilim that are in line with the skylight)?
2. ... under the skylight (regarding Keilim that are in the room)?
(b)What is this ruling coming to teach us? Why might we have thought otherwise?
(c)What does he say in the former case (where the Tum'ah is in the room), if someone placed his leg across the skylight (with regard to that person's status)?
(d)Why is that?
2)
(a)Assuming the skylight does not measure a square Tefach, the Tana rules, in a case where the Tum'ah is lying ...
1. ... in the room - the Keilim that are in line with the skylight are Tahor.
2. ... under the skylight - that any Keilim that are in the room are Tahor.
(b)We might otherwise have thought - that since the skylight does not measure a square Tefach, we will apply the principle of L'vud (and consider the gap closed). This Mishnah teaches us that we do not (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)In the former case (where the Tum'ah is in the room), where someone placed his leg across the skylight, he rules that - the person remains Tahor ...
(d)... because as far as he is concerned, because an Ohel that measures less than a square Tefach does not transmit Tum'ah from one side to the other.
3)
(a)If he did the same thing in the latter case (where the Tum'ah is underneath the skylight) however, R. Meir declares any Keilim that are in the room, Tamei (see Tiferes Yisrael). On what condition do the Chachamim ...
1. ... agree with him? Why is that?
2. ... disagree with him? Why is that?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah?
(c)Based on the previous ruling, on what condition does R. Shimon now rule that in a case where Reuven's leg is placed on top of Shimon's, which in turn, is covering a skylight, Reuven remains Tahor, in the event that Shimon removes his?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
3)
(a)If he did the same thing in the latter case (where the Tum'ah is underneath the skylight) however, R. Meir declares any Keilim that are in the room, Tamei (see Tiferes Yisrael). The Chachamim ...
1. ... agree with him - if the Tum'ah preceded his leg (because he was Ma'ahil on the Tum'ah).
2. ... disagree with him however - if his leg preceded the Tum'ah (because when the Tum'ah arrived, the Ohel was already closed up).
(b)The Halachah is like the Chachamim.
(c)Based on the previous ruling, R. Shimon now rules that in a case where Reuven's leg is placed on top of Shimon's, which in turn, is covering a skylight, Reuven remains Tahor, in the event that Shimon removes his leg - provided Shimon's leg preceded the Tum'ah.
(d)The Halachah - is not like R. Shimon.
Mishnah 3
4)
(a)R. Meir and R. Yehudah agree regarding the status of the Keilim in the room, in a case where a Meis is partially inside the room and partially underneath the skylight. What do they say?
(b)They disagree however, regarding the status of the person who is Ma'ahil over the skylight. According to R. Meir, he becomes Tamei. What does R. Yehudah say?
(c)What size skylight must the Mishnah be talking about?
4)
(a)R. Meir and R. Yehudah agree that, in a case where a Meis is partially inside the room and partially underneath the skylight regarding Keilim that are in the room - the Keilim in the room are Tamei.
(b)They disagree however, regarding the status of the person who is Ma'ahil over the skylight. According to R. Meir, he becomes Tamei. R. Yehudah - declares him Tahor.
(c)The Mishnah must therefore still be talking about - a skylight that measures less than a square Tefach.
5)
(a)R. Yossi qualifies the entire previous ruling. On what condition will he agree that the piece of Meis that is half in line with the skylight and half inside the room is Metamei?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah?
5)
(a)R. Yossi qualifies the entire previous ruling. He will agree that the piece of Meis that is half in line with the skylight and half inside the room is Metamei - provided it comprises the Shi'ur to make each one Tamei (at least two k'Zeisim).
(b)The Halachah is - like R. Yossi (see Tos. Yom. Tov).
Mishnah 4
6)
(a)Now the Tana discusses a case where there are two skylights, one directly on top of the other (the top one open to the sky), both of which are Pose'ach Tefach. What does he say (with regard to where the Keilim are ...
1. ... in line with the skylights), assuming that the Tum'ah is inside the room?
2. ... inside the room), assuming the Tum'ah is in line with the skylights?
(b)And what does he say about a case where the owner stopped up either skylight with something that is subject to Tum'ah, assuming that the Keilim are ...
1. ... in the lower room?
2. ... in the upper room?
(c)What is the reason for the latter ruling, assuming that the object is blocking the lower skylight?
(d)And what if the object is not subject to Tum'ah?
6)
(a)Now the Tana discusses a case where there are two skylights, one directly on top of the other (the top one open to the sky), both of which are Pose'ach Tefach. Assuming that the Tum'ah is ...
1. ... inside the house, he rules that any Keilim that are in line with the skylights - are Tahor.
2. ... in line with the skylights, any Kelim that are inside the room - are Tahor.
(b)If on the other hand, the owner stopped up either skylight with something that is subject to Tum'ah, both the Keilim that are ...
1. ... in the lower room, and those that are ...
2. ... in the upper room - are Tamei ...
(c)... because even where the object is blocking the lower skylight - since it is subject to Tum'ah (and is therefore not Chotzetz before Tum'ah), it is as if it was blocking the top skylight, thereby uniting everything underneath as if is was in one room (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d)But if the object is not subject to Tum'ah - then whatever is below it is Tamei, whereas whatever is above it is Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 5
7)
(a)Now the Mishnah discusses the same cases, but where the skylights are not Pose'ach Tefach. What does the Tana say in the equivalent circumstances to the first two cases in the Reisha (regarding the Keilim, there where the Tum'ah is ...
1. ... inside the room?
2. ... in line with the skylights?
(b)And what does he say in a case where they stopped up either skylight with something that is or that is not, subject to Tum'ah? Which Keilim will become Tamei, assuming the Tum'ah is inside the room?
(c)There where the Tum'ah is in line with the skylights however, he draws a distinction between where the same object it subject to Tum'ah or not. What does he say there where it is ...
1. ... subject to Tum'ah?
2. ... not subject to Tum'ah?
7)
(a)Now the Mishnah discusses the same cases, but where the skylights are not Pose'ach Tefach. In the equivalent circumstances to the first two cases in the Reisha, where the Tum'ah is ...
1. ... inside the room, the Tana rules that - the Keilim that are in line with the skylights are Tahor, as are ...
2. ... the Keilim that are inside the room if the Tum'ah is in line with the skylights.
(b)And in a case where they stopped up either skylight with something that is or that is not subject to Tum'ah, he rules that, if the Tum'ah is inside the room - only the Keilim that are in the lower room are Tamei.
(c)There where the Tum'ah is in line with the skylights however, he rules that where the object is ...
1. ... subject to Tum'ah - all the Keilim (in both rooms) are Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... not subject to Tum'ah - only the Keilim that are in the lower room are Tamei.
Mishnah 6
8)
(a)The Tana now discusses an earthenware pot that is placed directly underneath an open skylight. What are the specifications of the pot regarding its ...
1. ... size?
2. ... location?
(b)What does he say about Tum'ah that is ...
1. ... underneath it?
2. ... inside it, that is not in line with the Tum'ah?
3. ... above it?
(c)What about the Keilim that are inside the room?
8)
(a)The Tana now discusses an earthenware pot that is placed directly underneath an open skylight. The pot ...
1. ... is able to fit through the skylight without touching it and it ...
2. ... is lying on the ground.
(b)He rules that if the Tum'ah is ...
1. ... underneath it ...
2. ... inside it (even if it is not in line with the Tum'ah [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) ...
3. ... and above it - Tum'ah Boka'as ved'Olah Boka'as ve'Yoredes (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)... whereas the Keilim that are inside the room - remain Tahor.
9)
(a)If the pot is raised one Tefach from the floor, and the Tum'ah is underneath it or inside the room, then all the Keilim that are underneath it or inside the room are Tamei. What about the Keilim that are inside it or on top of it?
(b)Why is that?
(c)And what if the Tum'ah is inside the pot or on top of it?
(d)Why is that?
9)
(a)If the pot is raised one Tefach from the floor, and the Tum'ah is underneath it or inside the room, then all the Keilim that are either underneath it or inside the room, are Tamei - whereas the Keilim that are inside it or on top of it are Tahor ...
(b)... because the pot together with the walls of the Ohel (the walls of the room [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) are Chotzeitz before the Tum'ah.
(c)And in a case where the Tum'ah is inside the pot or on top of it - everything is Tamei ...
(d)... because, since the Tum'ah descends to underneath the pot and renders it Tamei (since it is a Tefach from the ground), it can no longer prevent the Tum'ah from passing through it.
Mishnah 7
10)
(a)And finally, the Mishnah discusses a case where the pot is lying on the threshold of the house, directly underneath the lintel. What is the Din if the Tum'ah is either underneath it, inside it or on top of it?
(b)On what condition will the inside of the house remain Tahor?
10)
(a)And finally, the Mishnah discusses a case where the pot is lying on the threshold of the house, directly underneath the lintel, in which case, if the Tum'ah is either underneath it, inside it or on top of it - Tum'ah Boka'as ve'Olah ...
(b)... and the inside of the house will remain Tahor - provided the Tum'ah is lying not in line with the lintel, but outside it.
11)
(a)If the pot is raised one Tefach from the ground, and the k'Zayis Tum'ah is either underneath it or inside it, the Tana declares both underneath it and inside the house Tamei. On what grounds (and condition) is the latter Tamei?
(b)What will be the status of Keilim that are inside the pot or above it? Why is that?
(c)What does the Tana rule in a case where the Tum'ah is inside the pot or on top of it?
(d)Why is that?
11)
(a)If the pot is raised one Tefach from the ground, and the k'Zayis Tum'ah is either underneath it or inside the house, the Tana declares both underneath it and inside the house, the latter only if at least one Tefach of the opening of the pot is in line with the lintel.
(b)The Keilim that are inside the pot or above it however - are Tahor, because they are saved by the walls of the house (see Tiferes Yisrael and Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)If however, the Tum'ah is inside the pot or on top of it - then everything is Tamei ...
(d)... since the pot becomes Tamei and is therefore unable to save the Keilim.
12)
(a)Assuming that less than a Tefach of the pot is in line with the lintel and the Tum'ah is underneath it, which Keilim will be Tamei and which, Tahor?
(b)In which other case will the same ruling apply?
(c)What is the reason for this dual ruling?
12)
(a)Assuming that less than a Tefach of the pot is in line with the lintel and the Tum'ah is underneath it - only the Keilim that are underneath it are Tamei, whereas all the rest remain Tahor.
(b)And the same ruling will apply - if the pot is not lying on the ground but less than a Tefach of its opening is stuck to the lintel (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)The reason for this dual ruling is - because less than a Tefach cannot transmit the Tum'ah into the house, in which case the house, inside the pot and inside the house will remain Tahor.
Hadran alach 'Arubah'
