[38a - 44 lines; 38b - 50 lines]
1)[line 1]בסירוגיןB'SEIRUGIN- [the entire Parshah was not etched into the tablet; rather, the first couple of words in each verse were spelled out] in intervals [with the intervening words alluded to by their initials]
2)[line 3]דלתותDELASOS- [copper] doors
3a)[line 4]נחשול שביםNACHSHOL SHEBA'YAM- a gale on the high sea; a storm
b)[line]לטבעוL'TAV'O- to drown him
4)[line 5]הטילוהHITILUHA- he threw it
5)[line 6]מזעפוMI'ZA'APO- a) from its anger; b) from its stormy winds (see Targum to Iyov 1:19, and Berachos 59a)
6)[line 7]כרכהKARCHAH- he embraced it
7)[line 9]נמלה של עכוNAMALAH SHEL AKO- (O.F. port) the port of Acco
8)[line 9]מבצבצתMEVATZBETZES- bobbing
9)[line 11]בריהBERIYAH- a creature
10)[line 11]בלעתה והקיאתהBAL'ASAH V'HIKI'ASA- swallowed it and spit it out
11)[line 12]"קֹרוֹת בָּתֵּינוּ אֲרָזִים, רחיטנו (רַהִיטֵנוּ) בְּרוֹתִים""KOROS BATEINU ARAZIM, REHITEINU BEROSIM"- "The beams of our house are [made of] cedar; our panels, of cypress" (Shir ha'Shirim 1:17). The Aramaic word "Rahit" means to run; it implies motion. Our Gemara understands that it refers to doors, which open and close often (RASHI).
12a)[line 15]נחושתןNECHUSHTAN- their copper
b)[line 15]מוצהבת היתהMUTZHEVES HAISAH- was yellow [like gold]
13)[line 15]נחשת קלוניתאNECHOSHES KELONISA- Corinthian copper [which is especially pure]
14)[line 16]גנאיGENAI- disgrace
15)[line 16]של בית גרמוSHEL BEIS GARMO- [the Kohanim] of the Garmo family
16)[line 16]לחם הפניםLECHEM HA'PANIM
(a)The Lechem ha'Panim (Showbread) refers to the 12 loaves arranged in two stacks (Sedarim) - six loaves to a stack - on the Golden Table of the Mishkan or Beis ha'Mikdash. The loaves are one Tefach thick and may not be Chametz. Fresh loaves are arranged on the Table every Shabbos and are left there through the following Shabbos. The loaves are eaten by Kohanim after their removal. (Vayikra 24:5-9).
(b)The house of Garmo were experts in the art of shaping the Lechem ha'Panim, which were baked in a particularly unusual form.
17)[line 17]קטורתKETORES
(a)Ketores is the name of the incense mixture burned on the golden Mizbe'ach in the Heichal of the Beis ha'Mikdash. It is burned twice each day; in the morning when the Kohen cleans out the lamps of the Menorah, and in the evening when the Kohen lights the Menorah. It consisted of the following eleven ingredients:
1.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of TZARI ("Sraf ha'Notef me'Atzei ha'Ketaf") - balsam tree sap
2.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of TZIPOREN ("Shecheles") - the root of a certain annual plant. Some identify Tziporen as a species of rock-rose - Cistus ladaniferus - which has fingernail-like petals. Alternatively, Tziporen may be onycha, a kind of flower.
3.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of CHELBENAH - a) galbanum; a yellow-brown gum resin obtained from a plant that grows in Persia; b) some maintain that Chelbenah is the gum of the common storax tree
4.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of LEVONAH - frankincense, otherwise known as oliban; a gum resin produced by certain trees in Arabia and India. The gum is yellowish and semi-transparent, with a bitter, nauseating taste. The gum is hard; when pulverized, it produces a powder. Burning this powder produced a strong aromatic odor.
5.16 Maneh (80 pounds) of MOR - myrrh
6.16 Maneh (80 pounds) KETZI'AH - cassia
7.16 Maneh (80 pounds) SHIBOLES NERD - spikenard
8.16 Maneh (80 pounds) KARKOM - saffron
9.12 Maneh (60 pounds) KOSHT - costus
10.3 Maneh (15 pounds) KILUFAH - cinnamon bark
11.9 Maneh (45 pounds) KINAMON - cinnamon
(b)In addition, the following ingredients were added as incinerating agents:
1.9 Kav (9 quarts) of BORIS KARSHINAH - vetch lye
2.3 Se'ah and 3 Kavim (app. 21 quarts) of YEIN KAFRISIN - a) the fermented juice of the caper-berry; alt., b) wine made from grapes that grow in Cyprus. If Yein Kafrisin is not available, then CHAMAR CHIVARYAN ATIK - very old strong white wine - is added instead
3.One quarter Kav (1 cup) of MELACH SEDOMIS - Sodomite salt
4.A small amount of MA'ALEH ASHAN - an ingredient that caused the smoke to rise straight up in the air; probably Leptadenia Pyrotechnica (due to the nitric acid it contains)
(c)Rebbi Nasan ha'Bavli says that a small amount of Kipas ha'Yarden (probably cyclamen) was added as well.
(d)The house of Avtinas were experts in the art of compounding the Ketores from the proper ingredients and in the proper manner.
18)[line 17]פרק בשירPEREK B'SHIR- a certain manner of producing a musical sound
19)[line 18]מעשה הכתבMA'ASEH HA'KESAV- a certain manner of writing
20)[line 18]"זֵכֶר צַדִּיק לִבְרָכָה, וְשֵׁם רְשָׁעִים יִרְקָב""ZECHER TZADIK L'VERACHAH, V'SHEM RESHA'IM YIRKAV"- "The memory of a righteous individual is for a blessing, but the name of the wicked shall rot" (Mishlei 10:7).
21)[line 19]אומניןUMNIN- craftsmen
22)[line 20]לרדותLIRDOS- removing them from the wall of an oven or mold
23a)[line 20]שהללו מסיקין מבחוץSHE'HALALU MASIKIN MIBA'CHUTZ- for these [Alexandrian craftsmen] would heat up [the oven] from the outside
b)[line 20]ואופין מבחוץV'OFIN MIBA'CHUTZ- and bake [the Lechem ha'Panim] on the outside [of the oven, for fear that if they were baked inside they would be unable to remove them without breaking them]
24)[line 21]פיתן מתעפשתPITAN MIS'APSHOS- their bread would become moldy [due to that which it was not fully baked]
25)[line 21]כל מה שברא הקב"ה לכבודו בראוKOL MAH SHE'BARA...- This statement conveys the idea that HaSh-m grants wisdom to whom and when he desires.
26)[line 22]"כֹּל הַנִּקְרָא בִשְׁמִי, וְלִכְבוֹדִי בְּרָאתִיו...""KOL HA'NIKRA VI'SHEMI..."- "All that is called by My name and that I have created for My glory..." (Yeshayah 43:7).
27)[line 25]יודעין היו של בית אבאYOD'IN HAYU SHEL BEIS ABA- my forefathers knew [and passed down as a tradition to us]
28)[line 25]שאינו מהוגןSHE'EINO MEHUGAN- who does not act properly
29)[line 26]פת נקיהPAS NEKIYAH- white bread
30)[line 27]ניזוניןNIZONIN- nourished
31)[line 29]לפטםL'FATEM- to compound [the Ketores]
32)[line 29]להעלות עשןL'HA'ALOS ASHAN- to cause the smoke to rise straight up
33)[line 29]מתמר ועולה כמקלMETAMER V'OLEH K'MAKEL- would rise up straight as a palm tree, like a stick
34)[line 30]מפציעMAFTZI'A- would spread out and disperse
35)[line 35]מבושמתMEVUSEMES- perfumed
36)[line 35]מתנין עמהMASNIN IMAH- they would make a condition with her
37)[line 36]הייתי מהלך בדרךHAYISI MEHALECH B'DERECH- I was walking along the way [after the Churban]
38)[line 37]המקוםHA'MAKOM- HaSh-m
39)[line 38]מיעט כבודםMI'ET KEVODAM- their glory is lessened [since there is no longer a Beis ha'Mikdash for which to compound Ketores]
40)[line 38]סחSACH- related
41)[line 39]שחקSACHAK- laughed
42)[line 40]מעלה עשןMA'ALEH ASHAN- an ingredient in the Ketores; see above, entry #17:b:4
43)[line 41]מגילת סממניןMEGILAS SAMEMANIN- a scroll upon which the list of ingredients in the Ketores was written, including illustrations of each ingredient (RASHASH) and the correct method of compounding them (KORBAN HA'EDAH to Shekalim 14b)
44)[last line]מכאןMI'KAN- from here [where it has been related that although the Chachamim wished to remove the families of Garmo and Avtinas from their positions, they were unable to and were forced to raise their wages]
45)[last line]שמך יקראוךB'SHIMCHA YIKAR'UCHA- [you need not worry that someone else will steal your livelihood, for] they will call you by name
38b----------------------------------------38b
46)[line 2]מלא נימאMELO NIMA- a hairsbreadth
47)[line 4]בנעימהB'NE'IMAH- sweetly
48)[line 4]גודלוGODLO- his thumb
49)[line 5]בין הנימיןBEIN HA'NIMIN- upon the cleft of his upper lip
50)[line 6]נזקרים בבת ראש לאחוריהםNIZKARIN B'VAS ROSH L'ACHOREIHEM- would jerk their heads back [in surprise]
51)[line 8]קולמוסיןKULMUSIN- quills
52)[line 15]רקביבותRAKVIVUS- (O.F. rodil) rust
53)[line 15]דלא מסקינן בשמייהוD'LO MASKINAN BI'SHEMAIHU- that we do not name [our children] after them
54)[line 16]בדואגB'DO'EG- Ravina poses a question from that which a child was named after Do'eg ha'Adomi, who was an advisor to David ha'Melech. He rebelled and is listed in the Mishnah (Sanhedrin 10:2) as one of those eight Resha'im who have no share in the world to come.
55)[line 17]שהניחו [אביו]SHE'HINICHO [AVIV]- that his father [died and] left him
56)[line 18]נותנת משקלו של זהבNOSENES MISHKALO (SHEL) ZAHAV- give [the equivalent of] his [estimated additional] weight in gold
57)[line 19]וכשגבר אויבUCHESHE'GAVAR HA'OYEV- and when the enemy (Rome) prevailed [in their siege at the time of the Churban]
58)[line 19]טבחתוTAVCHASO- she slaughtered him
59)[line 19]"אִם תֹּאכַלְנָה נָשִׁים פִּרְיָם עֹלְלֵי טִפֻּחִים; אִם יֵהָרֵג בְּמִקְדַּשׁ ה' כֹּהֵן וְנָבִיא""IM TOCHALNAH NASHIM..."- "... can it be that women should eat the fruit of their womb, the infants who they pampered? Can it be that a Kohen and prophet should be murdered in the sanctuary of HaSh-m?" (Eichah 2:20).
60)[line 21]חזי מאי סליק ביה!CHAZI MAI SALIK BEI!- see what happened to him!
61a)[line 21]צדיק מעצמוTZADIK ME'ATZMO- a) a righteous individual [is remembered for good] based upon his own actions [only] (RASHI); b) when a righteous individual is remembered, he himself is blessed (RABEINU CHANANEL); c) one should always bless a righteous individual without being prompted (RITVA)
b)[line 21]רשע מחבירוV'RASHA ME'CHAVEIRO- a) a wicked individual is remembered for ill through the actions of other wicked people as well (RASHI); b) all wicked people are cursed when only one of them is mentioned (RABEINU CHANANEL); c) one should curse all Resha'im when - and only when - one is mentioned (RITVA)
62)[line 22]דכתיב, "ושם רשעים ירקב"DI'CHESIV, "V'SHEM RESHA'IM YIRKAV"- Although the word "Tzadik" is written in singular form, "Resha'im" is written in plural form.
63)[line 23]אגדתאAGADTA- the homiletic discussions of the Gemara
64)[line 25]"וה' אָמָר, הַמְכַסֶּה אֲנִי מֵאַבְרָהָם, אֲשֶׁר אֲנִי עֹשֶׂה? וְאַבְרָהָם הָיוֹ יִהְיֶה לְגוֹי גָּדוֹל וְעָצוּם, וְנִבְרְכוּ בוֹ כֹּל גּוֹיֵי הָאָרֶץ""VA'SH-M AMAR..."- "And HaSh-m said, 'Shall I conceal from Avraham that which I am about to do (the destruction of Sedom and Amorah)? And Avraham will become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed through him'" (Bereishis 18:17-18).
65)[line 28]"... וַיֶּאֱהַל עַד סְדֹם""VA'YE'EHAL AD SEDOM"- "... and he (Lot) camped close to the city of Sedom" (Bereishis 13:12).
66)[line 31]עובדיהOVADYAH- Ovadyah was an Edomite convert who served as the steward to King Achav of Yisrael. Although he lived in close proximity to Achav and his wife Izevel, both of whom were wicked to an extreme, he perfected himself to the extent that he reached the level of prophecy. His prophecies, which deal with the downfall and destruction of Edom (Esav), are recorded in Trei Asar.
67)[line 32]עשוESAV- Esav lived with his righteous parents, Yitzchak and Rivkah (RABEINU CHANANEL)
68)[line 32]מברכתן של צדיקים אתה למד קללה לרשעיםMI'BIRCHASAN SHE TZADIKIM ...- in the same place that HaSh-m blesses the righteous, he curses the wicked
69)[line 34]"כִּי יְדַעְתִּיו, לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר יְצַוֶּה אֶת-בָּנָיו וְאֶת בֵּיתוֹ אַחֲרָיו, וְשָׁמְרוּ דֶּרֶךְ ה', לַעֲשׂוֹת צְדָקָה וּמִשְׁפָּט...""KI YEDATIV ..."- "For I have known him, due to the way in which he commands his children and his household after him to guard the way of HaSh-m and perform acts of charity and justice..." (Bereishis 18:19).
70)[line 36]"וה' אָמַר אֶל אַבְרָם...""VA'HASH-M AMAR EL AVRAHAM..."- (Bereishis 13:14) - In the rest of this Parshah, HaSh-m promises Avraham that the entire land of Yisrael shall belong to him and his descendants, and that his descendants will be as uncountable as the dust of the earth.
71)[line 39]"אִמְרוּ צַדִּיק, כִּי טוֹב, [כִּי פְרִי מַעַלְלֵיהֶם יֹאכֵלוּ]""IMRU TZADIK KI TOV..."- "Say to [every] righteous person that it is good, [for they shall eat from the fruit of their deeds]" (Yeshayah 3:10). Our Gemara interprets this verse as, "Tell [every] righteous person who is good..."
72)[line 41]"... כִּי אַתָּה הַדַּעַת מָאַסְתָּ, ואמאסאך (וְאֶמְאָסְךָ) מִכַּהֵן לִי...""KI ATAH HA'DA'AS MA'ASTA V'EM'ASECHA MI'KAHEN LI..."- "... for you have disdained knowledge, and I will disdain you such that you will not be allowed to serve Me..." (Hoshe'a 4:6).
73)[line 42]"וְזָרַח הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, וּבָא הַשָּׁמֶשׁ...""V'ZARACH HA'SHEMESH U'VA HA'SHEMESH"- "And the sun shines and the sun sets..." (Koheles 1:5).
74a)[line 43]עליELI- Eli ha'Kohen was the Kohen ha'Gadol at the time that Shmuel ha'Navi first arrived at the Mishkan, when it was located in Shiloh.
b)[line 43]שמואל הרמתיSHMUEL HA'RAMASI- Shmuel ha'Navi, who led Klal Yisrael following the death of Eli ha'Kohen.
75)[line 44]שתלןSHESALAN- he planted them
76)[line 44]"כִּי לַה' מְצֻקֵי אֶרֶץ, וַיָּשֶׁת עֲלֵיהֶם תֵּבֵל""KI LA'SH-M METZUKEI ERETZ, VA'YASHES ALEIHEM TEVEL"- "... for the pillars of the earth belong to HaSh-m, and He places the world upon them" (Shmuel I 2:8). Our Gemara interprets the "pillars of the world" belonging to HaSh-m as Tzadikim.
77)[line 46]"רַגְלֵי חֲסִידָו יִשְׁמֹר...""RAGLEI CHASIDAV YISHMOR..."- "The legs of his righteous ones he will guard..." (Shmuel I 2:9). Rebbi Chiya explains "Raglei" to mean "because of."
78)[line 46]חסידיו טובא משמע!CHASIDAV TUVA MASHMA!- [the Gemara asks,] "Chasidav" implies more than one righteous individual!
79)[line 47]שנאמר, "רגלי חסידיו ישמור"SHE'NE'EMAR, "RAGLEI CHASIDAV YISHMOR"- This interpretation understands "Raglei" to mean a) "the end" (RASHI); b) "what one is used to," related to the word "Ragil" (MAHARSHA); c) the Girsa of RABEINU CHANANEL is SHE'NE'EMAR, "RAGLEI CHASIDAV YISHMOR," CHASIDO KSIV - Since it is written in the singular form, it implies that the individual under discussion has proven his righteousness enough that he is considered to belong to HaSh-m.
80)[line 49]"אִם לַלֵּצִים הוּא יָלִיץ; ולעניים (וְלַעֲנָוִים), יִתֶּן חֵן""IM LA'LETZIM HU YALITZ; VELA'ANAVIM, YITEN CHEN"- "If [one keeps the company of] those who belittle, he [too] will mock; but if he [keeps the company of] those who are humble, [HaSh-m] grant him favor" (Mishlei 3:34).
81)[line 49]לטמאL'TAMEI- to become Tamei; to commit sins
82a)[last line]נפטNEFT- naphtha (any of several volatile mixtures of hydrocarbons obtained by distilling coal, tar, or petroleum; they are used as fuels and have a terrible odor)
b)[last line]אפרסמוןAFARSEMON- balsam oil (a strong perfume)