(a)Among the things that have no Shi'ur, our Mishnah lists Pe'ah. How do we reconcile this with the Mishnah later, which gives the Shi'ur of Pe'ah as at least one sixtieth?
(b)Besides Pe'ah, which other three items does the Tana include in the current list?
(c)Seeing as the Mitzvah of 'Ra'ayon' comprises appearing on Yom-Tov in the Beis-Hamikdash, what are two possible explanations of the Halachah that 'Ra'ayon has no Shi'ur'?
(d)Here too, the Rabbanan gave a Shi'ur, one silver Ma'ah. What is the Shi'ur for the Shalmei Chagigah?
1)
(a)Among the things that have no Shi'ur, our Mishnah lists Pe'ah - min ha'Torah. When the Mishnah later gives the Sh'iur of Pe'ah as at least one sixtieth, it is referring to a Shi'ur de'Rabbanan.
(b)Besides Pe'ah, the Tana includes in the current list - Ra'ayon, Gemilus Chasadim and Talmud-Torah.
(c)Seeing as the Mitzvah of 'Ra'ayon' comprises appearing on Yom-Tov in the Beis-Hamikdash, the Halachah that 'Ra'ayon has no Shi'ur' might mean - a. that one may fulfill one's obligation to visit the Beis-Hamikdash at any time during Yom-Tov (i.e. by entering the Beis-Hamikdash, remaining for a moment and taking one's leave), and b. with reference to the Olas Re'iyah which one takes to the Beis-Hamikdash, which has no minimum price-tag.
(d)Here too, the Rabbanan give a Shi'ur, one silver Ma'ah. The Shi'ur for the Shalmei Chagigah is - two solver Ma'ah.
2)
(a)Why must Gemilus-Chasadim refer to performing a personal kindness with someone who needs it? What Shi'ur do the Rabbanan prescribe for a Gemilus Chesed performed with one's money (such as redeeming captives or feeding the hungry [see Chidushei Maharich])?
(b)What is one therefore advised to do regarding the latter?
(c)From where do we know that Talmud-Torah has no Shi'ur?
(d)What does the Tana say about ...
1. ... Kibud Av va'Em, Gemilus Chasadim and Hava'as Shalom bein Adam la'Chavero? What do they all have in common?
2. ... Talmud-Torah?
2)
(a)Gemilus-Chasadim must be referring to performing a personal kindness with someone who needs it (such as visiting a sick person or burying the dead), because when it comes to Gemilus Chesed with one's money (such as redeeming captives or feeding the hungry) - the Rabbanan prescribed a maximum of a fifth (see Chidushei Maharich).
(b)One is therefore advised - to set aside a fifth (maximum) of one's profits for the performance of such Mitzvos should they arise.
(c)We know that Talmud-Torah has no Shi'ur - from the Pasuk in Yehoshua "ve'Hagisa bo Yomam va'Laylah".
(d)The Tana says that ...
1. ... Kibud Av va'Em, Gemilus Chasadim and Hava'as Shalom bein Adam la'Chavero, all receive the fruit of one's endeavors in this world, whereas the principle is paid in the World to Come.
2. ... Talmud-Torah - is equal to them all (see Tiferes Yisrael).
Mishnah 2
3)
(a)What does the Tana mean when he says (in connection with Pe'ah) ...
1. ... 'ha'Kol L'fi Rov ha'Sadeh'?
2. ... 'ha'Kol L'fi Rov ha'Aniyim'?
(b)The third thing listed by the Mishnah is 'Anavah'. What does he mean, assuming the text to be ...
1. ... 'Anavah' with a 'Vav'?
2. ... 'Aniyah' (like the Rambam's version)?
3. ... 'Anavah' with a 'Veis'?
3)
(a)When the Tana says (in connection with Pe'ah) ...
1. ... 'ha'Kol L'fi Rov ha'Sadeh', he means - that even though the minimum Shi'ur for Pe'ah is a sixtieth, someone with a large field, should leave more (even if there are not many Aniyim).
2. ... 'ha'Kol L'fi Rov ha'Aniyim', he means - that if there are many Aniyim, one should leave more (even though he owns only a small field).
(b)The third thing listed by the Mishnah is 'Anavah'. Assuming the text to be ...
1. ... 'Anavah' with a 'Vav', it means - according to his Midos (of which humility is the base).
2. ... 'Aniyah' (like the Rambam's version), it means - according to the amount that the field yields (from a Lashon of 'response').
3. ... 'Anavah' with a 'Veis', it means - according to the size of the fruit (meaning that if the produce is larger and fuller in one part of the field, and smaller in another, one should leave at least some of the Pe'ah from the latter).
Mishnah 3
4)
(a)Ideally speaking, from where should one leave Pe'ah?
(b)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Kedoshim "Lo Sechaleh Pe'as Sadcha Liktzor" (regarding the location of the Pe'ah)?
(c)Why then, does Rebbi Shimon obligate someone who leaves Pe'ah at the beginning of the field or in the middle, to leave Pe'ah at the end?
(d)According to the Rambam, the Shi'ur that he leaves at the end of the field does not include what he left already (see Tosfos Yom-Tov). What can we extrapolate from the Yerushalmi?
4)
(a)Ideally speaking, one should one leave Pe'ah - at the end of one's field.
(b)We nevertheless learn from the Pasuk "Lo Sechaleh Pe'as Sadcha Liktzor" - that wherever one leaves Pe'ah, it is effective.
(c)Rebbi Shimon obligates someone who leaves Pe'ah at the beginning of the field or in the middle, to leave Pe'ah at the end as well - because the Pasuk only teaches us that Pe'ah anywhere in the field has the Din of Pe'ah. It says nothing about not leaving at the end of the field (which is the basic obligation).
(d)According to the Rambam, the Shi'ur that he leaves at the end of the field does not include what he left already (see Tosfos Yom-Tov). We can extrapolate from the Yerushalmi however - that it does (see also Tosfos Anshei Shem).
5)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah disagrees. According to him, it will suffice to subsequently leave even one stalk at the end of his field. What does he say about a case where the owner simply leaves the full Shi'ur Pe'ah in the middle of his field?
(b)What is the difference whether what he leaves is Hefker or Pe'ah?
5)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah disagrees. According to him, it will suffice to subsequently leave even one stalk at the end of his field (and the rest remains Pe'ah, too). In a case where the owner simply leaves the full Shi'ur Pe'ah in the middle of his field - all the 'Pe'ah' that he left has a Din of Hefker (and not Pe'ah at all), and he remains obligated to leave the full Shi'ur at the end of the field.
(b)The difference whether what he leaves is Hefker or Pe'ah is - that the former is permitted to the wealthy as well, the latter, only to the poor.
Mishnah 4
6)
(a)What does the Tana learn from the expression "u've'Kutzr'chem (es K'tzir Artz'chem)" that the Torah uses in connection with Pe'ah? What does it come to preclude?
(b)And what does the Tana learn from ...
1. ... "le'Ani ve'la'Ger Ta'azov Osam"?
2. ... "K'tzir Artz'chem"?
(c)And what does he come to preclude when he adds 'Lekitaso ke'Achas' to the list?
(d)What is the last specification on the Tana's list of requirements for the Chiyuv Pe'ah?
6)
(a)The Tana learns from the expression "u've'Kutzrechem (es K'tzir Artz'chem)" that - only what is considered food is subject to Pe'ah, precluding the after-growth of a dye called 'Sitis' (and suchlike), which is edible at a pinch, but is not a food.
(b)And he learns from ..
1. ... "le'Ani ve'la'Ger Ta'azov osam" - that Hefker is Patur from Pe'ah (because one cannot leave what has already been left).
2. ... "K'tzir Artz'chem" - that mushrooms and the like, which do not nurture from the ground, but from the air, are not subject to Pe'ah.
(c)And when he adds 'Lekitaso ke'Achas' to the list - he means to preclude figs and such-like, which grow sporadically (and cannot be harvested in bulk).
(d)The last specification on the Tana's list of requirements for the Chiyuv Pe'ah is - 'Machniso le'Kiyum', which means something that can be preserved, to preclude crops that go bad after a short time, such as vegetables.
7)
(a)What does the Tana say about Tevu'ah ve'Kitnis (crops and legumes)?
(b)What does he incorporate in the term ...
1. ... 'Tevu'ah'?
2. ... 'Kitnis'?
7)
(a)The Tana - incorporates Tevu'ah ve'Kitnis (crops and legumes) in the Din of Pe'ah, provided all the above conditions are met.
2. ... 'Kitnis' incorporates - beans, peas, lentils and such-like.
Mishnah 5
8)
(a)What does the Tana say about the following trees: Og, nut, carob, almond and vine trees? What do they all have in common?
(b)What sort of tree is an 'Og'?
(c)Which other three trees does the list include?
(d)Is this list exclusive?
8)
(a)The Tana rules - that an Og, nut, carob, almond and vine trees are all subject to Pe'ah.
(b)An 'Og' is - a type of cherry-tree or, as the Rambam explains, a plant that is used for tanning, but whose clusters of fruit are edible.
(c)The list also includes - pomegranate, olive and date trees.
(d)This list is by no means exclusive (but includes trees of a similar nature.
Mishnah 6
9)
(a)If someone picked the entire crop and forgot to leave Pe'ah, what is he obligated to do?
(b)The Tana discusses the Din of Ma'aser from these crops. At which stage does one become Chayav to separate Ma'aser?
(c)That being the case, when is one ...
1. ... permitted to give Pe'ah without separating Ma'asros?
2. ... obligated to separate Ma'aser before giving Pe'ah?
9)
(a)Someone who picked the entire crop and forgot to leave Pe'ah - is obligated to give Pe'ah from the fruit that he picked.
(b)The Tana discusses the Din of Ma'aser from these crops. One becomes Chayav to separate Ma'aser - from the time that Miru'ach (flattening the pile after the winnowing) has been performed.
(c)That being the case, one is ...
1. ... permitted to give Pe'ah without separating Ma'asros - as long as one gave the Pe'ah to the poor before the Miru'ach.
2. ... obligated to separate Ma'aser before giving Pe'ah - if he made the Miru'ach first.
10)
(a)What does the Tana learn from the Pasuk in Re'eh (in connection with Ma'aser) "u'Va ha'Levi ki Ein lo Cheilek ve'Nachalah Imach"?
(b)Up to which stage may one feed one's animals without separating Ma'aser?
(c)Seeing as even the owner is permitted to eat from the fruit before Miru'ach, why does the Tana see fit to mention the Heter of feeding one's animals?
10)
(a)The Tana learns from the Pasuk "u'Va ha'Levi ki Ein lo Chelek ve'Nachalah Imach" - that Hefker, in which Levi'im have as much portion as Yisre'elim, is Patur from Ma'aser.
(b)One may feed one's animals without separating Ma'aser - up to the time that one makes Miru'ach (at which stage one becomes obligated to Ma'aser them.
(c)The Tana sees fit to mention the Heter of feeding one's animals before Miru'ach (even though the owner too, is then permitted to eat from the fruit) - because (unlike the owner, who is only permitted to eat from it casually) one may even feed one's animals fixed meals.
11)
(a)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Re'ei "Aser Te'aser ... Ve'achalta" (with regard to re-sowing one's crops)?
(b)What additional concession does Rebbi Akiva learn from there?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
11)
(a)We learn from the Pasuk in Re'ei"Aser Te'aser ... Ve'achalta" - that one is Patur from Ma'asering crops that one intends to re-plant (and not eat).
(b)Rebbi Akiva learns from there the additional concession - that before Miru'ach, one is permitted to re-plant them even mi'de'Rabbanan (who forbade it after Miru'ach).
(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
12)
(a)The Mishnah permits a Kohen and a Levi who purchase produce before the Miru'ach to retain the Ma'asros for themselves. What would be the Din if they purchase it after the Miru'ach?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Then why is the Tana lenient in the first case?
(d)Finally, the Mishnah obligates someone who declares his field Hekdesh and then redeems it, to separate Ma'asros. In which case will he be Patur?
(e)Why is that?
12)
(a)The Mishnah permits a Kohen and a Levi who purchase produce before the Miru'ach, to retain the Ma'asros for themselves. If they purchase it after the Miru'ach - the Rabbanan obligate them to Ma'aser it and to give it to other Kohanim and Levi'im ...
(b)... in order to discourage them from claiming T'rumos and Ma'asros from the wine-press and the granary, thereby stopping their fellow-Kohanim from obtaining Matanos Kehunah and Levi'ah [see Tosfos Yom-Tov]).
(c)And the reason that the Tana is lenient in the first case is - because the Chiyuv Ma'asros has not yet taken effect.
(d)Finally, the Mishnah obligates someone who declares his field Hekdesh and then redeems it, to separate Ma'asros. He will however, be Patur - if he redeems it after the treasurer has performed Miru'ach ...
(e)... because Hekdesh is not subject to Ma'asros.
