[a - 50 lines; b - 54 lines]
1)[line 1]בששים רבוא שכרB'SHISHIM RIBO SACHAR- for a payment of 600,000 Dinar
2)[line 3]אבני שוהם הפסיק העניןAVNEI SHOHAM HIFSIK HA'INYAN- the Torah's mention of the stones of the Efod interrupts what was mentioned before in the verse (since it lacks a conjunctive "Vav," and therefore it does not refer back to the word "va'Yikchu")
3)[line 5]דהדר ערביהD'HADAR ARVEI- [but the phrase "v'Avnei Milu'im" is written in the verse,] which comes to "mix" it back into the verse
4)[line 6]בעדרוB'EDRO- in his flock
5)[line 11]תגרי ישראלTAGREI YISRAEL- Jewish middlemen/merchants
6)[line 17]קיחהKICHAH- (lit. an act of buying) the Parah Adumah must be purchased from a Jew
7)[line 20]מעברהME'UBARAH- from when it was pregnant
8)[line 20]הנוגחתHA'NOGACHAS- [an animal] that gores
9)[line 23]שנוצרהSHE'NOTZRAH- from the time that it was formed
10)[line 28]מוקדשיןMUKDASHIN- [from when they have been] sanctified
11)[line 37]שעולה עליה זכרSHE'OLEH ALEHA ZACHAR- when a male comes upon her [to mate]
12)[line 40]במוחזקתB'MUCHZEKES- [Dama's cow was] established [to have red calves by means of passing the cup in front of it]
13)[line 41]אקלעאA'KIL'A- on the porch
14)[line 45]גרים גרוריםGERIM GERURIM- converts who are drawn by themselves [to keep the Mitzvos, even though they will not be accepted by Beis Din]
24b----------------------------------------24b
15)[line 11]גר תושבGER TOSHAV
(a)The Gemara (Avodah Zarah 64b) quotes three opinions regarding who is a Ger Toshav. Rebbi Meir maintains that a Ger Toshav is a Nochri who accepts upon himself, in front of three "Chaverim" (Talmidei Chachamim), not to worship idols. The Chachamim say that a Ger Toshav is a Nochri who accepts upon himself to observe the seven Mitzvos of Benei Noach (see Background to Avodah Zarah 46:4). Acherim maintain that the above opinions are incorrect, and that a Ger Toshav is a Nochri who accepts all of the Mitzvos except for not eating Neveilos (animals that were not slaughtered properly). (For an in-depth analysis, see Insights to the Daf and Audio Shi'ur to Avodah Zarah 64b.)
(b)The Gemara here says that Aravna was a Ger Toshav. Rashi explains that he accepted upon himself the seven Mitzvos of Benei Noach, which includes the prohibition against bestiality.
16)[line 13]עיזא דקורקסא דדיישןIZA D'KORKESA D'DAISHAN- planks with indentations placed on top of grain, on which animals tred and thresh the grain
17)[line 17]הוראת שעה היתהHORA'AS SHA'AH HAYESAH- it was an enactment for that time only
18)[line 19]בבמת יחידB'BAMAS YACHID (BAMAS YACHID / BAMAS TZIBUR)
(a)BAMAH - A Bamah is a raised area used for sacrifices. Before the Beis ha'Mikdash was built, there were times when it was permitted to offer sacrifices on public altars (Bamas Tzibur or Bamah Gedolah) and private altars (Bamas Yachid or Bamah Ketanah (see Insights to Pesachim 91:2)).
(b)BAMAH GEDOLAH - Only one public altar was in use at any particular time. At various times in our history, the Bamah Gedolah was in Gilgal (where the Mishkan stood before the land was completely conquered, until it was moved to Shiloh), Nov and Giv'on (after the Mishkan in Shiloh was destroyed, see Zevachim 112b). An individual could offer only voluntary sacrifices on a Bamah Gedolah. There is a difference of opinion among the Tana'im as to whether all communal sacrifices could be offered on a Bamah Gedolah or only the communal sacrifices that have a fixed time (Zevachim 117a).
(c)BAMAH KETANAH - Any person, even if he was not a Kohen, could build a Bamah Ketanah anywhere in Eretz Yisrael and offer upon it his personal sacrifices. Only voluntary sacrifices could be offered on a Bamah Ketanah.
(d)MIZBE'ACH - The Mishkan was built in Shiloh, a city in the portion of Efrayim, after the 14 years of conquest and apportionment of Eretz Yisrael. A Mizbe'ach (altar) was built to replace the Bamos, and as long as the Mishkan stood in Shiloh, sacrificing on the Bamos was prohibited. The Tana'im argue as to whether this Mizbe'ach was a stone structure or whether it was the hollow wooden Mizbe'ach overlaid with copper that was constructed for the Mishkan in the desert, filled with stones (Zevachim 61b). The Mishkan stood in Shiloh for 369 years (Seder Olam Raba 11).
(e)BEIS HA'MIKDASH - The Beis ha'Mikdash is known as the "Beis Olamim," the "Eternal Dwelling," because once it was chosen, it became the permanent dwelling place of the Shechinah. Once again the Bamos were prohibited, but this time permanently. The Mizbach ha'Chitzon (Outer Mizbe'ach), also know as the Mizbach ha'Olah (Mizbe'ach of the Korban Olah) of the Beis ha'Mikdash consisted of three concrete and stone platforms poured one on top of the other. (For a description of the Mizbe'ach ha'Chitzon, see Background to Menachos 97:9.)
19)[line 24]נעקרתNE'EKERES- [the animal] becomes sterile
20)[line 41]מזמורא יתמאMIZMORA YESAMA- lit. an orphaned song; i.e., a song or Tefilah whose author is unknown
21)[line 46]השיטהHA'SHITAH- the Aron (made from Shitim wood)
22)[line 46]התנופפיHISNOFEFI- be exalted
23)[line 46]המחושקתHA'MECHUSHEKES- that which is bound
24)[line 47]ברקמי זהבB'RIKMEI ZAHAV- with embroidered gold [on the inside and outside]
25)[line 47]המהוללה בדביר ארמוןHA'MEHULALAH B'DEVIR ARMON- that which is beautified (the Aron) with the Sefer Torah of Moshe Rabeinu [which it contains]