If a papyrus utensil was tarred by a gentile...

This question depends on the dispute between Rebbi and the Chachamim, as it was taught - (the Chachamim say that) if a person's olive press/ wine press was pressed by tamei people and he now wishes to purify the press - the palm branches (used to gather in scattered olives/grapes), the boards (placed over the pile of olives/grapes to be pressed) and the press itself may be rinsed and dried (as these things cannot contract tumah). The Akal (lattice work made to cover and contain the olives/grapes) - if made from canvas, wood, rushes, threads and reeds, may be purified by leaving them for 12 months.

(R. Shimon ben Gamliel): One must wait from one year's pressing to the next (which could be less or more than 12 months).

(Beraisa) (R. Shimon ben Gamliel): If he wishes to purify them immediately, he should place them under a stream of water or in a river for a period of time. Just as rinsing and drying with water and ashes helps to purify from tumah, so too it helps to purify a press from the Yayin Nesech that is in it.

Question: How long is a 'period of time'?

Answer (R. Yosi citing R. Yochanan): Half of a 24 hour period (literally 'half a day and half a night').

Baraisa (R. Chiya): A day or a night.

Do they disagree? No, but when R. Chiya taught a day or a night, that was at a time of year when the day and the night are equal (such as in the spring or fall). R. Yochanan was speaking about when they are not equal (such as in the summer or winter).

If a person acquires utensils from a gentile, those which are usually immersed can be immersed; usually used for boiling, can be boiled; usually used for roasting in fire must be heated in fire. A spit and a grill must be heated in fire; a knife must be filed with a knife sharpener and it becomes permitted.

If a person acquires utensils from a gentile, items that are known to be used for food consumption, such as cups, may be rinsed and are permitted. But vats and hot water urns must be put into boiling water. If any utensils were used before they were kashered (either by immersing, boiling, filing or heating fire - depending on which type of utensil) their contents are permitted. (The utensils are assumed not to have been used in the last 24 hours, so when the prohibited flavors that are absorbed into the walls are released into the food, they do not prohibit as they only worsen the flavor - Nosen Ta'am Lefegam. See above daf 68.)