[50a - 34 lines; 50b - 26 lines]
*********************GIRSA SECTION*********************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any OTHER important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.
[1] Gemara 50a [line 18]:
The words "Lishader Li Mar Telasa Yeseirta" לישדר לי מר תלתא יתירתא
should be "Lishader Li Mar Tilsa Yeseirta" לישדר לי מר תילתא יתירתא (as it appears in Rashi)
[2] Rashi 50a DH Mipnei ד"ה מפני:
Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #18
[3] Rashi 50b DH Shaini Hasam ד"ה שאני התם:
Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #4
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1)[line 1]דינרא הדריינא טריינא שייפאDINRA HADRIYANA TARYANA SHAYFA- a Dinar of the emperors Hadrian or Trajan, on which the name of the king was rubbed out due to overuse (Rashi here, and in Avodah Zarah 52b DH Shaifa)
2)[line 4]נכי דנקאNAKI DANKA- less a sixth
3)[line 6]דל זוזא ושתותאDAL ZUZA U'SHETUSA- deduct a Zuz and [then] a sixth [of the remainder]
4)[line 7]עשרין מתקלי במתקלי דינראESRIN MASKELEI B'MASKELEI DINRA- twenty times the weight of a Dinar from Tzor
5)[line 9]סילעים דאורייתא תלתא ותילתאSILA'IM D'ORAISA TELASA V'TILSA- the Sela'im mentioned in the Torah are the equivalent of three and one-third Dinar Tzuri
6)[line 12]ארבעים ושמנה פונדיוניןARBA'IM U'SHEMONEH PUNDYONIN - forty-eight Pundeyon; a Pundeyon is a Dupondium, a Roman coin (CURRENCY)
(a)Equivalents of coins and amounts used in the Gemara:
1.1 Sela = 4 Dinerin
2.1 Dinar = 6 Ma'in
3.1 Me'ah = 2 Pundeyonin
4.1 Pundeyon = 2 Isarin
5.1 Isar = 6-8 Perutos (based on Kidushin 12a)
6.Therefore, 1 Sela = 48 Pundeyonin
7)[line 13]קילבון לפרוטרוטKILBON L'FEROTROT- the extra, 49th Pundeyon is a premium paid to cover the price of changing small change into larger currency (Kilbon; agio). Each 1/48th of the extra Pundeyon is to be a Kilbon for one of the other 48 Pundeyons (Perotrot).
8)[line 22]קינטריןKINTERIN- centenaria, a hundred thousand sesterces, a weight corresponding to 100 Shekalim
9)[line 26]תיקלאTIKLA- a Shekel
50b----------------------------------------50b
10a)[line 2]כסף צוריKESEF TZURI- the denominations of coins used in Tzor
b)[line 2]כסף מדינהKESEF MEDINAH- the provincial coinage, the value of which is one-eighth of Kesef Tzuri
11)[line 3]טענהTAINAH (MODEH B'MIKTZAS HA'TA'ANAH YISHAVA)
If a person admits that he owes part of a claim, we suspect that the claim is true and that the debtor wants to temporarily postpone part of the payment but does not have the audacity to completely deny the claim. He is therefore required to take an oath, mid'Oraisa, that he does not owe the part he denies (Shemos 22:8). If he refuses to take the oath, he must pay the entire amount being claimed.
12)[line 5]שבועת הדייניןSHEVU'AS HA'DAYANIM- an oath imposed by the court according to Torah law if a person admits to part of a claim (this is the same as the oath described above, entry #11)
13)[line 8]מעשרMA'ASER (MA'ASER SHENI: PIDYONO / ACHILASO)
(a)After a crop that is grown in Eretz Yisrael is harvested and brought to the owner's house or yard, he must separate Terumah Gedolah from the crop and give it to a Kohen. Although the Torah does not specify the amount to be given, the Rabanan set the requirement at one fiftieth of the total crop. After Terumah is removed from the produce, one tenth of the produce that remains must be designated "Ma'aser Rishon," and given to a Levi. The Levi, in turn, must separate one tenth of his Ma'aser Rishon as Terumas Ma'aser, to be given to a Kohen, as it states in Bamidbar 18:26.
(b)The produce may not be eaten until both Terumos have been separated from it. Until the Terumos have been separated, the produce is called Tevel. The punishment for eating Tevel is Misah b'Yedei Shamayim (Sanhedrin 83a).
(c)A second tithe is given every year after Ma'aser Rishon has been separated. The tithe that is separated in the third and sixth years of the 7-year Shemitah cycle is called Ma'aser Ani and is given to the poor.
(d)The tithe that is separated during the first, second, fourth and fifth years is called Ma'aser Sheni. The Torah requires that Ma'aser Sheni be brought to Yerushalayim and eaten there by its owner. Anyone who eats Ma'aser Sheni produce outside of the walls of Yerushalayim (without Pidyon, redemption — see (e) below) receives Malkus (RAMBAM Hilchos Ma'aser Sheni 2:5). Once the Ma'aser Sheni produce enters the walls of Yerushalayim, it may not be redeemed. It is considered "Niklat," "captured" by the walls.
(e)Alternatively, Ma'aser Sheni produce may be redeemed (Pidyon), in which case the money used to redeem it is brought to Yerushalayim. If the owner himself redeems the produce, he must add an additional fifth (of the ensuing total, or a quarter of the original value). The food that is bought with this money in Yerushalayim becomes Kodesh like Ma'aser Sheni and must be eaten b'Taharah. Ma'aser Sheni that was redeemed by anyone besides the owner is exempt from the additional fifth.
(f)There is a limitation as to the foods that may be purchased with Ma'aser Sheni money. Only foods that are classified as "Pri mi'Pri" (items that has been produced from something that has been produced) and "Gedulei Karka" (foodstuffs that are grown from the ground) are permitted. These limitations exclude the purchase of salt and water (and possibly mushrooms — Eruvin 27b).
14)[line 10]הקדשHEKDESH- items which one dedicates to be the property of the Beis ha'Mikdash
15)[line 18]כסף קצובKESEF KATZUV- a fixed amount of money