(Mishnah): If they brought to him salted food first, and bread with it, he blesses on the salted food and exempts the bread, for it is secondary to it.

The general rule is, if there is Ikar (a primary food) and Tefel (a secondary food) with it, he blesses on the Ikar and exempts the Tefel.

(Gemara - R. Shmuel bar Nachman citing R. Yonason): Our Mishnah discusses before people became used to royal meals (in which they serve salted food for a delicacy), and in a place where they make the salted food is the Ikar [of the meal] - but in a place where they do not make the salted food Ikar, it does not discuss.

(R. Yirmeyah citing Rav): Bread and Piror (a food made from bread crumbs) - he blesses on the Piror in a place where they make the Piror Ikar, but in a place where they do not make the Piror Ikar, we do not say so.

(R. Simon citing Reish Lakish): Shakizmi (it is made from almonds, flour and spices) and bread - he blesses on the Shakizmi in a place where they make the Shakizmi Ikar, but in a place where they do not make the Shakizmi Ikar, we do not say so.

(Mishnah - R. Gamliel): If one ate grapes, figs or pomegranates, he says three Berachos (Birkas ha'Mazon);

Chachamim say, he says one Berachah [me'Ein Shalosh].

R. Akiva says, even if he ate Shelakos (cooked vegetables), and it is his [primary] food, he says three Berachos.

One who drinks water due to thirst blesses sheha'Kol Nihyah bi'Dvaro;

R. Tarfon says, he blesses Borei Nefashos Rabos v'Chesronan.

(Gemara - R. Simon citing R. Tadai citing R. Yehoshua): If one ate on the east side of a fig tree, and he comes to eat on the west side, he must bless [again].

(Aba bar Rav Huna): [If one blessed on] new wine [and now wants to drink] old wine - he must bless [Borei Peri ha'Gefen, for old is more esteemed. We explained this like CHAREDIM.]

For a different wine, he need not bless. If he changed his place, he must bless. If he diverted his mind [from drinking], it is like a change of place.

Rebbi blessed on every barrel of wine that he opened.

Question: What did he bless?

Answer (R. Yitzchak Rubah citing Rebbi): He blessed Baruch ha'Tov veha'Metiv.

A case occurred in which R. Akiva made a banquet for his son Shimon. For every barrel that he opened, he blessed on it, and said 'good wine for the life of Rabanan and their Talmidim!'

(Mishnah): One who drinks water due to thirst blesses sheha'Kol Nihyah bi'Dvaro.

(R. Yonah): Mei Dekarim is the exception (since it is for Refu'ah. It cures constipation and diarrhea - Shabbos 110a.)

(R. Yosi): Any water for which he is thirsty [he blesses on it, even if the primary reason he drinks is for Refu'ah].

(R. Avun): One who drinks Mei Dekarim - what does he bless? Baruch she'Bara Mei Refu'os.

Some teach Mei Dekarim, and some teach Mei Dekalim;

The one who says Mei Dekarim, this is because it is Doker (pierces) the gallbladder. The one who says Mei Dekalim, it is because it exudes from between two date trees.