[85a - 55 lines; 85b - 47 lines]
1)[line 1]בכלל ופרט המרוחקים זה מזהKLAL U'PRAT HA'MERUCHAKIM ZEH MI'ZEH / KLAL U'FRAT; EIN BA'KLAL ELA MAH SHEBA'PRAT
(a)In the Introduction to the Sifra (the Halachic Midrash to Vayikra), Rebbi Yishmael, who is Doresh Klalei and Pratei (see below, entry #9), lists thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah. One of them is Klal u'Frat [Ein bi'Chlal Ela Mah shebi'Frat].
(b)When a Klal (general term) is followed by a Prat (specification), without teaching any new Halachos that pertain to that Prat, then the Halachah of the verse is limited and applies only to the Prat.
(c)Our Gemara suggests that when the Prat is distanced from the Klal by the interruption of an additional phrase (such as is the case in the verse our Gemara is discussing, "Keviyah Tachas Keviyah, Petza Tachas Patza, Chaburah Tachas Chaburah" (Shemos 21:25), with the Prat ("Chaburah") separated from the Klal ("Keviyah") by an additional phrase ("Petza")), Rebbi and Ben Azai argue whether we apply the rule of Klal u'Prat or not.
2)[line 9]בשופטני עסקינן?!B'SHUFTANEI ASKINAN?!- are we dealing with fools?!
3a)[line 12]דכסיפא ליה מילתאD'KESIFA LEI MILSA- the thing (i.e. having his flesh thrown to the dogs) is disgraceful to him
b)[line 12]למשקל מבשרו למשדייה לכלביםL'MISHKAL MI'BESARO L'MISHADYEI LI'KELAVIM- to take from his flesh and throw it to dogs
4)[line 14]ידו המוכתב למלכותYADO HA'MUCHTAV LA'MALCHUS- his hand upon which there is a warrant from the king that it be cut off
5a)[line 15]סםSAM- acid (that corrodes a hole in the flesh)
b)[line 15]לסייףSAYIF- a sword
6)[line 19]ליטול זה מזה מה שנתן זהLITOL ZEH MI'ZEH MAH SHE'NASAN ZEH- for this person (the Nizak) to take from this person (the Mazik) the amount that this person (one whose hand must be cut off by the verdict of the king) would give (to have his hand cut off painlessly with acid and not with a sword)
7)[line 21]ונסתרה המכהV'NISTERAH HA'MAKAH- the wound became worse
8)[line 29]אשכחתינהו לרבנן בבי רבASHKACHTINHU L'RABANAN B'VEI RAV- I found them, the Rabanan, in the house of study
9)[line 30]במכה ניתנה לאגדB'MAKAH NITNAH L'EGED- a wound is able and permitted to be wrapped up
10)[line 32]דתנא ביה קראD'TANA BEI KERA- the verse repeats it
11)[line 37]"רק [שבתו יתן ורפא ירפא]""RAK [SHIVTO YITEN V'RAPO YERAPEI]"- "[He] just [must give him compensation for lost work, and he must completely heal him.]" (Shemos 21:19)
12)[line 41]מכאן שניתן רשות לרופא לרפאותMI'KAN SHE'NITAN RESHUS L'ROFEI L'RAP'OS- from here (the extra word in the phrase, "v'Rapo Yerapei") [we learn] that permission is given to a doctor to heal. See Insights to 85:1.
13)[line 49]גרגותניGARGUSNI- dead flesh
14)[line 50]נאתא כריכתאNA'ASA KERICHTA- dead flesh
15)[line 50]מאי אסותיהMAI ASUSEI- what is its cure?
16a)[line 50]אהלאAHALA- (O.F. aloen) aloe
b)[line 50]וקיראKIRA- wax
c)[line 50]וקלבאKALBA- (O.F. resin) resin
17)[line 51]אסייךASYACH ANA- I will heal you
18)[line 51]דמית עלי כאריא ארבאDAMIS ALAI K'ARYA ARBA- you are to me like a lion in ambush
19)[line 51]מייתינא אסיא דמגן במגןMAISINA ASYA D'MAGEN B'MAGEN- I will bring a cure that costs nothing
20)[line 52]אסיא רחיקאASYA RECHIKA- I will bring a cure from far away (that is very inexpensive)
21)[line 52]אסיא רחיקא עינא עויראASYA RECHIKA EINA AVIRA- by the time you bring a cure from far away, the eye will be blind
22)[line 53]ואי אמר ליה היאךV'IY AMAR LEI HEI'ACH- and if the other one (the Nizak) says to him (the Mazik)
23)[line 53]הב לי לדידי ואנא מסינא נפשאיHAV LI L'DIDI, V'ANA MASINA NAFSHAI- give me the money, and I will heal myself
24)[line 53]פשעת בנפשך ושקלת מינאי טפי?!PASHATA B'NAFSHACH, V'SHAKALT MINAI TEFEI?!- you harm yourself, and [for it] you take from me extra money?!
25)[line 54]קוץ לי מקץKOTZ LI MEIKATZ- set for me a fixed amount
85b----------------------------------------85b
26a)[line 1]שוגגSHOGEG- unintentional [damage]
b)[line 1]כמזידMEZID- intentional [damage]
27a)[line 1]ואונסONES- accidental [damage]
b)[line 1]כרצוןRATZON- willingly [inflicted damage]
28)[line 16]וסליקV'SALIK- and it was going away (it was healing)
29)[line 16]ואייתי ליה סמא חריפאV'AISI LEI SAMA CHARIFA- and he brought upon it a strong chemical
30)[line 17]ואחווריה לבישריהV'ACHVEREI L'VISREI- and it turned the flesh white (like leprosy)
31)[line 17]דצריך לאותבי ליה סמא לאנקוטיה גוונא דבישריהD'TZARICH L'OSVEI LEI SAMA L'ANKUTEI GAVNA D'VISREI- he must place on it a medicinal cure that will bring back the color of the flesh
32)[line 19]דהדקיה באינדרונא ובטליהD'HADKEI B'INDERONA U'VATLEI- he locked him in a room and caused him to lose work
33)[line 20]דרק ליה באפיהD'RAK LEI B'APEI- he spit at him in his face
34)[line 22]לקתה מדת הדיןLAKSAH MIDAS HA'DIN- the attribute of justice has been smitten
35)[line 23]דכי מיתפח האי גבראD'CHI MISPACH HAI GAVRA- (a) for when this person becomes healed (RASHI); (b) for when this person was fully healthy (TOSFOS)
36)[line 23]אגראAGRA- wage
37)[line 24]דלי דוולא ושקיל אגראDALI DAVLA V'SHAKIL AGRA- he would draw [water with] buckets and take a [higher] wage
38)[line 25]אזיל בשליח ושקיל אגראAZIL B'SHALI'ACH V'SHAKIL AGRA- he would go as a messenger and take a [higher] wage
39)[line 44]תיקוTEIKU
The Pri Megadim (in his Igeres preceding his introduction to Orach Chaim, #9) quotes and discusses various explanations for the word Teiku:
1.It is sealed in its container ("Tik") (ARUCH, Erech Tik).
2.Tehei Ka'i - "Let it (the question) stand" (MUSAF HA'ARUCH).
3.Tishbi Yetaretz Kushyos v'Ibayos - "Eliyahu ha'Navi will answer difficulties and questions" (TOSFOS YOM TOV, end of Eduyos).
40)[line 45]צמתה ידוTZAMSAH YADO- his hand withered (and is attached only by the sinews)
41)[line 46]המכה אביו ואמוHA'MAKEH AVIV V'IMO - one who hits his father or his mother
CHAVAL B'AVIV V'IMO (CHOVEL B'AV V'EM)(a)A person who strikes his father or mother such that blood flows from the wound, after having received a proper warning that the act is punishable with death, is liable to the death penalty of Chenek (choking), as it states in the Torah (Shemos 21:15).
(b)A person who wounds his fellow Jew (Chovel b'Chaveiro), is obligated to pay five payments, i.e. four payments in addition to Nezek, which one must always pay for damages. The five payments are Nezek, Tza'ar, Ripuy, Sheves, and Boshes (see Background to Bava Kama 83:24 for a detailed explanation of each payment). However, if a person strikes his father or mother, since his act is of the type that is liable to the death penalty, he is exempt from the monetary obligation incurred by the act. Therefore he does not have to pay any of the five payments. (According to most Tana'im, this holds true even if the person is not actually killed, e.g. if he did not receive a proper warning — see Background to Sotah 25:2:a.)
(c)If blood does not flow from the wound when the person strikes his father or mother, the penalty is the same as Chovel b'Chaveiro. (RAMBAM Hilchos Chovel u'Mazik 4:7)
(a)See Background to Bava Kama 83:24.
(b)A person who wounds someone on Yom ha'Kipurim is liable to Kares for having transgressed a prohibited Melachah of Yom ha'Kipurim. Our Gemara states the opinion of the Tana who argues with Rebbi Nechunya ben Hakanah, who rules that being liable to Kares exempts a person from monetary restitution (Pesachim 29a, Kesuvos 30a), according to the principle of Kam Lei bid'Rabah Minei (see Background to Sanhedrin 79:16). Our Sugya rules that even though the person is liable to Kares, he must also make monetary restitution for the damages he caused.