(Mishnah): How is Regel Mu'ad to break things while walking? An animal is Mu'ad to walk normally and break.

If it was kicking, or pebbles were being strewn by its feet and Kelim were broken, it pays half-damage.

If it trampled on a Kli and broke it, and (fragments) broke another Kli, it pays full damage for the first Kli, and half-damage for the second.

(Gemara) Question: Is it not normal to strew pebbles?! (Why was it taught with kicking, to pay half damage?)

Answer (R. Ami): The case is, the Kli [that was broken] was in a person's hand. (Normally, he guards it and himself, therefore breaking such a Kli is like a Shinuy - OHR HA'YASHAR.) However, if it was resting in Reshus ha'Rabim, since he had permission to place it, and [the animal] is permitted to walk, he is exempt (like Regel in Reshus ha'Rabim).

(Rabah bar Mamal): If there were two paths, one has grass and pebbles and one does not have grass and pebbles, if it abandoned the path without grass and pebbles, and went on the path with grass and pebbles, even if it was resting in Reshus ha'Rabim, he is liable (for going on this path is like a Shinuy - MAHARA FULDA).

(R. Lazar): Anything that is outside of its body (e.g. pebbles that it strews up), Chachamim did not distinguish between Reshus ha'Yachid and Reshus ha'Rabim. (Do not say that pebbles are a Toldah of Regel to be exempt in Reshus ha'Rabim.

Question: Can it receive Ha'adah (become Mu'ad through repeated occurrences) for something outside of its body (pebbles, and pay full damage)?

Answer #1 (R. Ze'ira): It can receive [Ha'adah].

Answer #2 (R. Ila): It cannot receive.

Question (R. Ze'ira, against R. Ila - Beraisa): If an ox was scratching against a wall and fell on a person, [the owner] is liable to pay Kofer (compensation for killing a Yisrael), and [the ox] is exempt from Misah. Is there [full] Kofer for a Tam?! (Rather, we must say that it became Mu'ad!)

Answer: [It pays] half Kofer.

Question: It this not unlike even R. Ze'ira? Why is it exempt from Misah, if it became Mu'ad to knock down walls [and kill people]?

Answer: [The first three times] when it knocked down the wall, there was not a person there. (Even so, we estimate that if one was there, he would have been killed. Therefore, it is Mu'ad, and pays Kofer. We explained this like NO'AM YERUSHALMI.)

(R. Lazar): If it excreted [and this damaged in the victim's Reshus], it pays full damage.

Proof: If not (rather, this is a Shinuy), will you say that [if one wants to take his animal in Reshus ha'Rabim and not pay,] he must [follow his animal] with a Malkot (a Kli to collect excrement) in his hand?!

Limitation: This (he need not follow it holding a Malkot) is when the animal does not normally [excrete constantly], but if it normally [excretes constantly], he must follow it with a Malkot in his hand. (MAHARA FULDA)

R. Hoshayah Rabah and R. Yudan ha'Nasi were sitting. R. Ba bar Mamal ascended and asked, if [an animal] wagged its tail [and damaged], like these mules, what is the law? They did not say anything to him.

Afterwards, Rav Hoshayah Rabah said to him [obviously this is normal, and he is exempt in Reshus ha'Rabim and liable in the victim's Reshus]. If not, will we say that one must hold its tail?!

Limitation: This is when the animal does not normally [constantly wag excessively], but if it normally [constantly wags excessively], he must hold its tail.

It is obvious to us [that in Reshus ha'Rabim he does not pay] full damage. (If it is normal, he is exempt!) The question was to pay half damage (if it is considered abnormal).