Question: (The Mishnah taught that (in those other years) the meticulous people would put down money and say, "Any produce gathered from here should be redeemed onto this money".) Why not just label it (without the need to put down money)?

Answer: They were acting beyond the letter of the law, to save even the willful sinners from eating it.

(R. Yochanan): Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel follows the opinion that they put down money and make their declaration at the end of the day.

Proof (Tosefta) (R. Dosa): A field owner should declare each morning that anything gathered by the poor unlawfully should be Hefker. (This thereby exempts those crops from Maaser. He is relying on the concept of Bereirah (retroactive selection) - that whatever they eventually take unlawfully will be Hefker in advance.)

(R. Yehuda): He declares it towards the end of the day.

(Chachamim): Hekfer because of thieves is not Hekfer, as we are not responsible for swindlers.

The opinion (R. Dosa) that he declares in the morning cannot fit with our Mishnah, as the meticulous people must redeem it after it is collected, since a person cannot redeem something attached to the ground...?

Rebuttal (R. Yirmiyah): It could even be according to R. Dosa. Wasn't that law taught by Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel, who holds that (rather than when the money is paid), it's the taking of the Maaser Sheni that effects the redemption (which only takes place later on, when they actually collect the produce from the ground).

Question (R. Yosi against R. Yirmiyah): Does this fulfill the pasuk 'and he will redeem his field'? (Can the redemption take effect when the produce is already in the possession of the thieves?) If a person saw a Hefker loaf floating down the river and he declared it to be Hekdesh, has he said anything?

Rebuttal (R. Yirmiyah): Before you question me according to the one who said that he declares in the morning, ask on the one who says to declare towards evening?! (The produce is certainly no longer in his possession at that point!)

(R. Yosi to R. Yirmiyah): That opinion (that he declares towards evening) clearly wasn't troubled by these questions (as he must reason that a person may redeem property not in his possession).