Moshe enacted that Yisrael read the Torah on Shabbos, Yom Tov, Rosh Chodesh and Chol ha'Mo'ed - "va'Ydaber Moshe Es Mo'adei Hash-m El Bnei Yisrael"!

Ezra enacted that Yisrael read the Torah on Monday and Thursday, and at Shabbos Minchah;

[Ezra] enacted that a Ba'al Keri (one who emitted semen) must immerse (before he reads Torah. A later Beis Din enacted to forbid praying before he immerses - Rambam Hilchos Tefilah 4:4.)

He enacted that Beis Din sits [and judges] in cities on Mondays and Thursdays;

He enacted that peddlers go around in cities [with fragrances] for the honor of Bnos Yisrael (lest they be repulsive to their husbands);

He enacted that people launder on Thursday, for the honor of Shabbos (so their clothes will be clean for Shabbos).

He enacted that people bake bread on Erev Shabbos, so a piece will be available for an Oni;

He enacted that people eat garlic on Shabbos night, for it enters love and fosters desire (and this is the proper time for intimacy);

He enacted that women talk to each other in the privy (which was outside the city, lest a man go there, and be secluded with them);

He enacted that a woman wear underpants [that cover her] in front and in back;

(R. Tanchum bar Chiyah): This is due to an episode that occurred, in which a monkey had Bi'ah with a woman normally and abnormally (in the anus).

He enacted that a woman shampoo and comb [her hair] within three days before immersing;

(R. Yosah citing R. Yanai's academy, and R. Aba bar Kohen citing R. Chuna): [He allowed up to three days,] to enable when Shabbos and two days of Yom Tov of Chutz la'Aretz [are adjacent. If her Tevilah is on the last of these three days, she cannot shampoo and comb within two days before immersing.]

Opinion #1 (R. Zeirah citing Rav Yehudah): This is when her time to immerse falls in them (Shabbos or Yom Tov. If it is after them, she shampoos and combs the night she immerses.)

Opinion #2 (R. Aba citing Rav Yehudah): This is even when her time to immerse is after (Shabbos and Yom Tov finish).

R. Zeira was looking [incredulously] at [R. Aba. Why should she rely on shampooing and combing more than three days ago? She can do so the night she immerses!]

R. Aba: Why do you look [incredulously] at me? "Mah Yadata v'Lo Neda Tavin v'Lo Imanu Hu" (also I thought of this, but so I heard from Rav Yehudah)!

R. Acha came and said in the name of R. Tanchom b'Ribi Chiya a reason [to rely on shampooing and combing before Shabbos and Yom Tov], and even if her time to immerse is at the end. I can say that perhaps the spring [in which she immerses] is far, and she is lazy [to shampoo and comb properly at night, for she does not want to delay her Tevilah even longer, and there is a Chatzitzah of hairs tied together, and] she is not Tehorah!

(Mishnah): On Rosh Chodesh and Chol ha'Moed four read [from the Torah]. We may not decrease or increase the number, and there is no Haftorah from the Navi.

The ones who read first and last bless before and after [reading, respectively].

(Gemara - R. Chuna): The three who read in the Torah may not read less than 10 verses.

(Chizkiyah): This corresponds to Aseres ha'Dibros.

Question (Mishnah): (There are Ma'amados, i.e. representatives of Yisrael to oversee Avodas ha'Mikdash.) On Sunday they read (the Parshah of five verses starting with) Bereishis, and "Yehi Raki'a". There are only eight verses in all!

Answer #1: Rav Idi said that Kahana and Asi argued about this. One said that [one who reads] repeats [the last verse that the previous one read, to add an extra verse].

Answer #2: The other said that he cuts [a verse. One reads half a verse at the end, and the next begins with the latter half of it. We count the half verse like a whole verse.]

The one who said that he repeats, he repeats two verses [so in all they read 10 verses]. The one who said that he cuts, "va'Yhi Erev va'Yhi Boker" counts like a verse by itself (since elsewhere is a full verse. We find these four words in two verses among the eight. Each of these two verses, even one person may read it like two verses.)

Question: A Mishnah teaches that on Monday, they read Yehi Raki'a and Yikavu ha'Mayim. The one who said that he repeats, he repeats two verses. [However,] the one who said that he cuts, even if he cuts, there are not [10 verses! We find va'Yhi Erev va'Yhi Boker on day two and day three, but we cannot cut the latter verse, for this is the entire verse! The Gemara did not answer this. Alei Tamar says that it is only l'Chatchilah to read 10 verses. The answer to the next question supports this.]

Question (R. Pilfi bar Perutah, to R. Yonah): Parshas Amalek [at the end of Beshalach, which we read on Purim, has only nine verses]!

Answer (R. Yonah): It is what is relevant to the day. (We should not read what is not relevant in order to complete 10 verses.)

Question (R. Lazar bar Marom): It was taught that the one who is Maftir (reads the Haftorah on Shabbos) in the Navi not say less than 21 verses [corresponding to the seven who read before him, each of whom must read at least three verses. If every three must read 10,] he should need to read 23 - [the first] three must read 10, [the next] three must read 10, and the last must read three!

(Mishnah): This is the general rule. Any day with Musaf, and it is not Yom Tov, four read;

On Yom Tov, five read. On Yom Kipur, six read. On Shabbos, seven read.

We may not read less, but we may add to them, and there is a Haftorah in the Navi.

The ones who read first and last bless before and after reading, respectively.

(Gemara) Question: On Yom Kipur, do six read? A Beraisa teaches seven!

Answer: The [Tana of our Mishnah,] who says six, it is due to the Tefilah (which is long. Therefore, we shorten Keri'as ha'Torah);

The [Tana of the Beraisa,] who says seven, holds like it was taught "on Shabbos we come early [to the Beis ha'Keneses, for the food is already prepared] and leave early [to eat the meal, for Oneg Shabbos]. On Yom Tov we come late (one may prepare food before coming) and leave early. On Yom Kipur we come early and leave late (there is no food to prepare or eat).

This (seven read) is not the custom of people who speak La'az (and not Leshon ha'Kodesh). Rather, one reads the entire Parshah.

If only one knows the Parshah, he reads all of it. If seven know three verses [each], they all read;

If only one knows three verses, he reads and returns to read [them, seven times].

(R. Zeirah citing Rav Yirmeyah): A [Kena'ani] slave counts towards the count of seven. "Va'Ydaber [Hash-m El Moshe Leimor] counts [towards three verses, even though we do not learn anything from it].

Question: R. Chama bar Ukva said in the name of R. Yosi bar Chanina unlike this! One may not teach Torah to his slave!

Answer: The case is, [the slave] learned by himself, or his master taught him like the case of Tavi (R. Gamliel's slave; one may teach a slave who is a Chacham - Pnei Moshe).

(R. Chelbo, R. Masnah and Shmuel bar Shilas in the name of Rav): The seven exclude the Maftir.

Question (R. Chananyah bar Pazi): We learned [in a Beraisa] that the Maftir in the Navi may not read less than 21 verses [corresponding to seven who read three each. If there are seven without the Maftir, he should read at least 24 verses!]

Answer: [R. Chananyah] said [the Beraisa], and he explained it. This is when there is no translator, but when there is a translator, he reads three (lest the Tzibur be delayed. Also when there is no translator, he does not read corresponding to what he himself read in the Torah for this reason - ha'Gaon Rav C. Kanievsky, Shlita.)

Question (R. Chelbo, to R. Avahu): In front of R. Yochanan they read only three [verses from the Navi]!

Answer (R. Avahu): Is R. Yochanan not like a translator?! (Surely he explained it. In such a case, it suffices to read three verses, like R. Chananyah said.)