(Gemara - Rav): If a woman saw on the 15th of the month, on the 16th of the next month and on the 17th of the third month, she has established a Veses of skipping.

(Shmuel): She does not establish a Veses (of skipping) until she sees three times after the same interval.

Suggestion: Rav and Shmuel argue like Rebbi and R. Shimon ben Gamliel (about whether Chazakah is established after two or three occurrences)!

(Beraisa - Rebbi): If Leah married a man and he died, she may remarry. If she married a second man and he died, she may not remarry;

R. Shimon ben Gamliel says, she may marry a third time, but if her third husband dies, she may not remarry.

Rejection: No, both hold like R. Shimon ben Gamliel;

Rav counts the 15th as one of the three times. Shmuel does not count it, for it did not come after the skip (that will be her Veses).

Question (again Rav - Beraisa): If a woman normally sees on the 15th, and she saw on the 16th, both of these are forbidden. If she saw (next month) on the 17th, the 16th is permitted, and the 15th and 17th are forbidden;

If she saw (next month) on the 18th, all these days are permitted, only (the day) after the 18th is forbidden (the 19th, for this is a Veses of skipping).

Answer: Since she normally used to see on the 15th, it does not count towards a Veses of skipping.

Question: The answer is obvious. Why did the questioner ask?! (Gilyon ha'Shas - he should have asked against Shmuel, why the Beraisa specifies that she normally used to see on the 15th!)

Answer: It must teach about this case. One might have thought that after seeing twice on other days, she is no longer concerned for the 15th. The Beraisa teaches that this is not so. (She does not uproot it until three times.)

Question (against Shmuel - Beraisa): If a woman saw on the 21st of the month, and on the 22nd of the next month, and the 23rd of the third month, she fixed a Veses;

If she skipped (in the third month) and saw on the 24th, she did not fix a Veses.

Answer: The case is, she normally sees (and saw the previous month) on the 20th.

Support: The Tana normally begins with the 20th (to teach as concisely as possible). Presumably, he began with 21 because she already saw on the 20th last month.

(Mishnah): A woman does not establish a Veses until three times.

(Rav Papa): The Veses is not Kavu'a until three times (to uproot other Vestos, and in order that it will not be uprooted until she changes from it three times). However, whatever day she sees, even though she saw only once, she is concerned for it (the next month).

Question: We already learn this from our Mishnah!

(Mishnah): If a woman normally sees on the 15th of the month, and saw on the 20th, both of these days are forbidden.

Answer: One might have thought that this is only if the new day is among the days of Nidah (Rashi - the new day begins Nidah, it is not amidst the days of Zivah (within 18 days of her previous sighting); Me'iri - had she seen on the 15th as usual, the 20th would have been the sixth day of Nidah);

Rav Papa teaches that this is even if it is not among the days of Nidah.

(Mishnah): She does not lose a Veses until three times.

(Rav Papa): This refers to a Veses fixed through three sightings, but if she saw on a day only (once or) twice, she uproots it after changing from it once.

Question: We already learn this from our Mishnah!

(Mishnah): A woman does not fix a Veses until three times.

Answer: One might have thought if she saw on a day once, she uproots it after changing from it once, but if she saw on a day twice, she does not uproot it until changing from it twice. Rav Papa teaches that this is not so.

Support (for Rav Papa - Beraisa): If a woman normally sees on the 20th of the month, and saw on the 30th, both days are forbidden;

If the 20th came (next month) and she did not see, she is permitted until the 30th, she must refrain from Bi'ah on the 30th;

If she saw again on the 30th, and next month she did not see on the 20th or 30th, and next month she saw on the 20th, the 20th is forbidden and the 30th is permitted, for the guest (blood) comes in its proper time. (Tosfos ha'Rosh - the 30th is permitted once she did not see on it, even before she saw the next month on the 20th.)

(Mishnah): (Dam) Besulim of women is compared to vines. (Me'iri - we learn from "Eshtecha k'Gefen Poriyah", Tehilim 128:3);

Some vines yield red wine, and others yield black wine;

Some vines yield much wine, and others yield little.

R. Yehudah says, every (normal) vine yields wine. One that does not is Durkati. (In certain families, the women do not have Dam Besulim or Dam Nidah. The Rambam says that the Halachah follows R. Yehudah. I.e. we are not concerned if women from such families do not have Dam Besulim. This implies that Chachamim argue, and deny that such families exist.)

(Gemara - Beraisa): (Durkati stands for) Dor Katu'a. (The generation is cut off. The Rambam explains that she is totally strerile. We must say that such families are from paternal descent, for no woman has children! Rashi explains that the women have few children.)

(Beraisa - R. Chiya): Just like Se'or (sourdough) is good for (fermenting) a dough, blood is good for a woman.

(Beraisa - R. Meir): If a woman has much blood, it is a sign that she will have many children.

(Mishnah - Beis Shamai): If a girl below the age when she expects to see Dam (Nidah, i.e. she is a Ketanah) was married, we "give" her four nights. (During them, she attributes all blood to Dam Besulim, and she is Tehorah);

Beis Hillel gives her (Rambam - only; Me'iri - the greater of four nights or) until the wound (the breaking of the Besulim) heals.

Beis Shamai says, if she reached the age when she expects to see (Na'arus) and was married, we give her the first night;

Beis Hillel gives her four nights, until Motza'ei Shabbos. (We assume that she was married on Wednesday, like was enacted for Besulos - Kesuvos 2a.)

Beis Shamai says, if she saw blood before she was married, we give her only Bi'as Mitzvah (the first act of Bi'ah);

Beis Hillel gives her the entire first night.

(Gemara - Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak): The Reisha applies even to a Ketanah who already saw Dam Nidah.

Question: What is his source of this?

Answer: The Seifa distinguishes between whether or not she saw before. This implies that the Reisha does not distinguish.

Support (Beraisa - Beis Hillel): We give her until the wound heals, whether or not she saw beforehand.

(Mishnah): Until the wound heals.

Question: How long is this?

Answer #1 (Rav Yehudah citing Rav): It is as long as she is Nocheres.

Shmuel: I do not know what is "Nocheres"!

Answer #2 (Shmuel): It is as long as she sees due to Bi'ah.

Question: What is Nechirah that Rav mentioned?

Answer (Rav Shmuel bar Rav Yitzchak citing Rav): If she sees blood when she stands (Me'iri - the walls of the womb rub against each other), but not when she sits, the wound has not healed;

If she sees when she sits on the ground, but not when she sits on pillows and blankets, the wound has not healed;

If (sometimes) she sees when she sits on anything, and other times she does not see when sitting on anything, the wound has healed.

(Mishnah): If she reached the age... (Beis Hillel gives her four nights).

(Rav): If she had Bi'ah during the day, she still gets four nights;

(Levi): She loses a night for every day of Bi'ah.

Rav: The Mishnah says 'until Motza'ei Shabbos' (whether or not she had Bi'ah during the day)!

Levi: It says 'she gets four nights. This means four Onos. (An Onah is a day (from Migo until evening) or night.)

Question: According to Rav, why does it say "four nights"? (She gets four full days!)

Answer: The Mishnah teaches that it is proper to have Bi'ah at night.

Question: According to Levi, why does it say "four nights until Motza'ei Shabbos"? (She gets four Onos. This could be within two or three days!)

Version #1 (our text) Answer: This permits Bi'ah for the first time on Shabbos (even though he causes some Dam Besulim to come out), like Shmuel taught:

Version #2 (Rashi) Answer: This permits Bi'ah (with a girl who has had Bi'ah only twice before) on Shabbos, like Shmuel taught: (end of Version #2)

(Shmuel): One may enter through a narrow opening on Shabbos, even if he will rub against the sides and (might) cause pebbles to fall. (He does not intend to make them fall, and it is not inevitable. Shmuel holds like R. Shimon, who permits Davar she'Eino Miskaven.)

(R. Chanina): If a Besulah did not see blood after the first Bi'ah, but saw after the second, she is Teme'ah;

(Rav Asi): She is Tehorah.

(R. Chanina): She is Teme'ah. If it were Dam Besulim, it would have come out the first time. (Me'iri - even though she had prior Bi'ah, we are not concerned lest she is forbidden to her husband (if he is a Yisrael) due to Sotah, for there are two doubts. Perhaps she had Bi'ah before Kidushin, and even if it was after, perhaps she was forced. Indeed, if he is a Kohen, she is forbidden. The present discussion is only about Nidah.)

(Rav Asi): She is Tehorah. We assume that the first time, Hatiyah occurred (the Ever entered without breaking the Besulim), like Shmuel:

(Shmuel): I could have many Bi'os (with a Besulah) without blood.

R. Chanina is not concerned for this. Shmuel is an exception. Most men cannot do so.

(Rav): We give only the first night to a Bogeres;

This is if she did not never saw blood before. If she saw, we give her only Bi'as Mitzvah.