TOSFOS DH Lo Tzericha l'R. Meir
úåñôåú ã"ä ìà öøéëà ìø"î
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains how Chezkas Taharah helps a woman without a Veses, for he must divorce her.)
åîåòéì îä ùäéà áçæ÷ú èäøä ùîåúøú ìùîù ëì æîï ùìà âéøùä
Answer #1: Chezkas Taharah permits her to have Bi'ah as long as he did not divorce her.
à"ð àéðå çééá ìâøùä òã ùòáøå é"à éåí.
Answer #2: [Due to Chezkas Taharah,] he need not divorce her until after the 11 days of Zivah pass.
TOSFOS DH veha'Yoledes Kulam Metam'os me'Es la'Es
úåñôåú ã"ä åäéåìãú ëåìï îèîàåú îòú ìòú
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains why pregnancy does not exclude her from retroactive Tum'ah.)
àò"â ãîòåáøú ãéä ùòúä
Implied question: A pregnant woman is Dayah Shatah!
äééðå áùàø ãí ùøåàä ëùäéà îòåáøú åìà áøàééú ãí ìéãä ùøåàä îçîú ôúéçú ä÷áø
Answer #1: That refers to other blood that she sees when she is pregnant, but not Dam Leidah that she sees due to the womb opening.
åé"î ãäëà ëøáé éåñé ãáòé â' òåðåú
Answer #2: Some explain that here is like R. Yosi, who requires three Onos (periods without blood until she is Dayah Shatah. She gave birth before this.)
à"ð ëâåï ù÷åãí ëáø øàúä ôòí àçú å÷ñáø ãáùðé îèîàä îòú ìòú åìéú ìéä ãééï ùòúï ëì éîé òéáåøï
Answer #3: She already saw once, and [the Tana] holds that on her second sighting she is Teme'ah retroactively 24 hours. He does not hold that pregnant women are Dayan Shatan for the entire pregnancy;
åàùîòéðï àò"â ãøàééä ùðéä æå îçîú àåðñ ìéãä øàúä àô"ä îèîà îòú ìòú
He teaches that even though through she saw this second sighting due to Ones of birth, even so she is Teme'ah retroactively 24 hours.
ä÷ùä äø"ø éò÷á îàåøìééðé"ù ãäëà úðé ãæáä åùåîøú éåí îèîàä îòú ìòú
Question (R. Yakov of Orlins): Here it taught that Zavah or Shomeres Yom k'Neged Yom is Teme'ah retroactively 24 hours;
åàô"ä îôøù øá éäåãä ìòéì ãëì é"à éåí àéðä öøéëä áãé÷ä
Even so, Rav Yehudah explained above that all 11 days she need not check;
åáô"÷ (ìòéì ãó éà.) àîøé' ãàùä ùéù ìä åñú åã' ðùéí åàùä ùòáøå òìéä â' òåðåú ãééï ùòúï
Above (11a), we said that a woman with a Veses and the four women and a woman who passed three Onos [without blood] are Dayah Shatah;
åúðà äúí àò"ô ùàîøå ãééï ùòúï öøéëåú ìäéåú áåã÷åú
A Tana taught there "even though we said that Dayah Shatah, she must check! (All the more so, during the 11 days, when she has retroactive Tum'ah, we should say that she must check.)
åé"ì ãéù ìä åñú àéëà ìîéîø ëéåï ãàåøç áæîðå áà öøéëä áãé÷ä áùòú åñúä
Answer: When she has a Veses, we can say that since Orach bi'Zmanah Ba (menstrual blood, comes in its proper time), she must check herself at the time of her Veses;
åàäðê ðîé àéëà ìîéîø ãöøéëä áãé÷ä ùìà úùúëç úåøú áãé÷ä îäï
Also regarding the others, we can say that she must check lest she forget the law of checking [when she will be obligated to check];
áúåìú ãîéí ëùúøàä åîòåáøú åîðé÷ä ìëùéòáøå éîé òéáåøä åîðé÷åúä ìôé ùäåøâìå æîï îøåáä áìà áãé÷ä
[I.e. we are concerned for] Besulas Damim (one who did not yet see) when she will see, and a pregnant or nursing woman after the days of pregnancy or nursing will end, because they were accustomed for a long time without checking.
åæ÷ðä àò"â ãìà àúéà úå ìéãé áãé÷ä åìéëà ìîéâæø áä îéãé
Implied question: A Zekenah (past menopause) will not come to need to check again. There is no need to decree about her!
î"î âæø ìä àèå àçøéðé
Answer: Even so, we decreed about her due to the others.
àáì úåê é"à éåí àéðä öøéëä áãé÷ä ãæîï îåòè äåà åìà úùúëç úåøú áãé÷ä ãàçø é"à éåí úáãå÷ åëï æîï îåòè éù îùáã÷ä.
Distinction: However, within 11 days she need not check, for it is a short time. She will not forget the law of checking. After the 11 days, she will check, and it is a short time since she checked.
TOSFOS DH Rav Huna bar Chiya Amar Shmuel...
úåñôåú ã"ä øá äåðà áø çééà àîø ùîåàì...
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains that this is even if she is not a Zavah.)
åìà îéáòéà áéîé ñôéøú æéáä îîù ãàéðä ÷åáòú
Explanation: Not only in the actual days of Sefiras Zivah [she does not fix a Veses];
àìà îùîò ãàôé' áéîéí äøàåéí ìæéáä àò"â ãàéðä æáä åîòééðä ñúåí àéðä ÷åáòú ëâåï ùøåàä ôòí àçú úåê é"à éåí
Rather, it connotes that even in the days proper for Zivah, even though she is not a Zavah and her Mayan is closed, she does not fix, e.g. she saw once within 11 days;
åôìéâ àøáé éåçðï åø"ì ãàîøé áñîåê àùä ÷åáòú ìä åñú úåê éîé æéáúä îîù ãäééðå áàîöò ñôéøú æéáúä ãåîéà ãúåê éîé ðãåúä åë"ù ã÷åáòú áéîéí äøàåééí ìæéáä
He argues with R. Yochanan and Reish Lakish, who say below that a woman can fix a Veses in actual Yemei Zivah, i.e. in the middle of counting [seven clean days after] Zivah, similar to "amidst Yemei Nidah" (which is after she saw Dam Nidah), and all the more so she can fix in days proper for Zivah (when she did not see yet, i.e. her Mayan is closed)!
å÷é"ì ëøáé éåçðï ìâáé ùîåàì ëãàîø ôø÷ îé ùäåöéàåäå (òéøåáéï ãó îæ:).
Pesak: We hold like R. Yochanan against Shmuel, like it says in Eruvin (47b).
TOSFOS DH Mikva Lo Kav'ah Al Yedei Re'iyah Zu
úåñôåú ã"ä î÷áò ìà ÷áòä ò"é øàééä æå
(SUMMARY: Tosfos clarifies what the question was.)
ùì úåê éîé æéáä ìà ÷áòä åñúä ùúöèøê ìòå÷øå òì éãé ùìù ôòîéí ëàéìå ÷áòä åñú áéîé ðãä
Explanation: She does not fix a Veses within the days of Zivah that she needs to uproot through three times as if she fixed a Veses in Yemei Nidah;
àáì îäå ùúçåù ò"é ÷áéòåú ùì éîé ðãä ìàñåø ôòí øáéòé àôé' áà äåñú áéîé æéáä åàäà îééúé ùôéø ãçééùéðï.
However, must she be concerned through fixing [a Veses three times] in Yemei Nidah to forbid a fourth time, even if the Veses comes in Yemei Zivah? For this we bring a proper proof that we are concerned.
39b----------------------------------------39b
TOSFOS DH Alma mi'Reish Yarcha Maninan
úåñôåú ã"ä àìîà îøéù éøçà îðéðï
(SUMMARY: Tosfos discusses three ways to explain this inference.)
åà"ú ãéìîà îùåí øàéä øàùåðä ÷øé ìéä úåê éîé ðãä
Question: Perhaps due to the first sighting it is called amidst Yemei Nidah!
åôøù"é ããéé÷ îã÷àîø ÷åáòú úåê éîé ðãåúä îùîò ãôòí â' ãäåà ä÷áéòåú äåéà áéîé (äâäú äá"ç) ðãúä
Answer #1 (Rashi): He infers from what he said "she fixes [a Veses] amidst Yemei Nidah." This connotes that the third time, which fixes it, was in the days of her Nidah
àìîà çùéá ëàéìå øàúä øéù éøçà
Inference: It is considered as if she saw on Rosh Chodesh.
åä÷ùä ìå øéá"à ãìîä ìà úéøõ ìå ëâåï ùøàúä øéù éøçà åä' áéøçà ùìùä æéîðé
Question (Riva, to Rashi): Why didn't he answer that the case is, she saw on Rosh Chodesh and the fifth of the month three times;
ãäùúà äåé îîù úåê éîé ðãúä å÷áòä åñú åãéä ùòúä àí úøàä áçîùà áéøçà ùì çãù ã'
Now, it is truly in Yemei Nidah, and she fixed a Veses, and Dayah Sha'atah if she will see on the fifth of the fourth month!
àå ùöøéëä ìôøåù îáòìä ëì ä' áéøçà òã ùúò÷åø åñúä â' ôòîéí
Or, she needs to separate from her husband every fifth of the month, until she uproots her Veses three times!
åäùéáå øù"é îùåí ãáô"÷ (ìòéì ãó éà.) îå÷îéðï ãø' éåçðï áîòééï ñúåí îùåí ãôøéê àîúðéúéï ãäúí ã÷úðé ãáéîé ðãúä àéðä öøéëä áãé÷ä
Answer (Rashi): Above (11a), we establish R. Yochanan to discuss a closed Mayan, because we challenged the Mishnah, which teaches she need not check in Yemei Nidah;
åìáãå÷ ãìîà ÷áòä ìä åñú ëøáé éåçðï
Citation (11a) Question: She should check. Perhaps she fixes a Veses, according to R. Yochanan!
åìëê äî÷ùä àå÷é äëà îéìúéä ãø' éåçðï áîòééï ñúåí ùøàúä áùìéùé ä' áéøçà åìà áøéù éøçà ãøàééä ùìéùéú äéà îîòééï ñúåí
Therefore we establish R. Yochanan's teaching to discuss a closed Mayan. She saw the third time on the fifth of the month, but not on Rosh Chodesh. The third sighting was from a closed Mayan;
åîúðéúéï ãô"÷ (ùí ãó éà.) ëâåï ùøàúä úøé æéîðé øéù éøçà åä' áéøçà åáùìéùéú ëé øàúä øéù éøçà ìà úáãå÷ áä' áéøçà
The Mishnah (11a) discusses when she saw twice on Rosh Chodesh and on the fifth of the month, and the third time, she does not check on the fifth when she saw on Rosh Chodesh;
ùàôéìå úøàä ìà ÷áòé' ìä åñú ãîòééï ôúåç äåà
This is because even if she would see, she will not fix a Veses, for the Mayan is open.
àáì ôòí øàùåðä åùðéä áåã÷ú áéîé ðãä ùîà úøàä áùìéùé áä' áéøçà åìà áøéù éøçà
However, the first and second time she checks in the days of Nidah, lest she see the third time on the fifth of the month and not on Rosh Chodesh;
åìäëé ìà äåä îöé ìùðåéé ëâåï ãøàúä â' æéîðé øéù éøçà åä' áéøçà ãà"ë äåä ìéä îòééï ôúåç
Therefore, he could not answer that she saw three times on Rosh Chodesh and the fifth of the month, for if so the Mayan is open;
àìà îùðé ëâåï ùøàúä úøé æéîðé øéù éøçà ìçåã ãäåé îòééï ñúåí åáâ' ðîé àò"â ãëáø øàúä áë"ä îä ùøàúä áøéù éøçà çùéá îòééï ñúåí
Answer (cont.): Rather, he answered that she saw twice only on Rosh Chodesh, i.e. the Mayan was closed, and also the third time, even though she already saw on the 25th, what she sees on Rosh Chodesh is considered a closed Mayan;
ëãîùðé ãäà ãçæàé áë"ä ãîéí éúøéí äåà ãàúåñôå áä
This is like we answer, that this that she saw on the 25th was extra blood.
åòåã ðøàä ìôøù ãäëà ãéé÷ ãçùéá ëàéìå øàúä áâ' áøéù éøçà ãàé ìàå äëé àîàé ÷áòä ìä åñú äìà øàéä æå àéðä îòéï äàçøåú ùáàå áéîé ðãåúä
Answer #2: He infers that it is considered that she saw three times on Rosh Chodesh. If not, why did he say that she fixed a Veses? This sighting was unlike the others, which came in her days of Nidah!
åîéäå úéîä ìåîø ëàï (äâää áâìéåï åîäøù"à) ëãîòé÷øà ð÷èä åçùéá ëàéìå øàúä øéù éøçà ëéåï ãàëúé ìà ÷áòä ìä åñú áøéù éøçà
Question: It is astounding to say here that she followed her initial pattern, and it is considered as if she [initially] saw on Rosh Chodesh, since she did not yet fix a Veses on Rosh Chodesh!
ãìà ãîé ìääéà ãìòéì ãëáø ÷áéò ìä åñú ìë"á ëã÷àîø äéúä ìîåãä ìøàåú
This is unlike above, when she already fixed a Veses on the 22nd, like it says "she was accustomed to see..."
åðøàä ìôøù ãîééøé ëâåï ùøàúä â' æîðé áøéù éøçà åä' áéøçà
Answer #3: It seems that the case is, she saw three times on Rosh Chodesh and the fifth of the month.
åàéï ìçåù àí àéï äù"ñ îæëéø úìúà æéîðé
Implied question: Why didn't the Gemara mention three times?
ãä"ð áô"÷ (ùí ãó éà.) ìà ÷àîø úìúà æéîðé âáé ÷ôöä åøàúä
Answer: We find so also above (11a), it did not mention three times regarding one who jumped and saw [blood].
åäà ãð÷è åäùúà çæàé áä' áéøçà åáøéù éøçà ìà çæàé ìàå îùåí ãò"é øàééä æå äùúà ÷áòä ìä åñú
Implied question: It says "now she saw on the fifth of the month, and she did not see on Rosh Chodesh." Is it not because through this sighting she fixed her Veses?!
ãäà ÷áòä ìä ëáø îâ' æéîðé ÷îàé àìà ìåîø ìê ùãéä ùòúä áøàééä æå ëãøáé ãåñà ãàîø áô"÷ (ìòéì ãó ã:) ãàéï ãéä ùòúä àìà áùòú åñú ãå÷à
Answer: No, she already fixed it through the first three times. Rather, it is to teach that she is Dayah Shatah for this sighting, like R. Dosa, who said above (4b) that she is Dayah Shatah only at the time of her Veses;
åîéäå àó áìà øàúä äùúà äåä îöé ìîéîø ã÷áòä ìä åñú ìòðéï ùàñåøä áä' áéøçà òã ùúò÷åø äåñú â' ôòîéí
However, even without seeing now, we could have said that she fixed a Veses (through the last three months) to forbid her on the fifth of the month until she uproots the Veses three times.
åäùúà îåëç àò"â ãáøáéòé ìà çæàé øéù éøçà ÷áòä ìä åñú áä' áéøçà
Support: Now, it is proven that even though the fourth time she did not see on Rosh Chodesh, she fixed a Veses (i.e. she is Dayah Shatah) on the fifth of the month...
îùåí ãëéåï ùøàúä â' æéîðéï ä' áéøçà âí áçãù ã' çùåá ëàéìå øàúä øéù éøçà
This is because since she saw three times on the fifth of the month, also the fourth month it is considered as if she saw on Rosh Chodesh. (Eizehu Mekoman - even though she fixed a Veses for the fifth in the middle of Nidah, and now it was her initial sighting, we consider it as if she saw like usual on Rosh Chodesh, and this was during Nidah.)
åä"ð ë"á îë"á îðéðï
Similarly, we count 22 [days] from 22 [days from the previous sighting, based on when she used to see].
åäåé îöé ìîéîø åìéèòîéê ãàå÷îéú îéìúéä ãø' éåçðï áîòéï ôúåç à"ë ú÷ùä îúðé' ãô"÷ (ùí ãó éà.) ã÷úðé ãàéðä áåã÷ú áéîé ðãä
Explanation #1: We could have said "according to you, who establish R. Yochanan to discuss an open Mayan, if so the Mishnah (11a) is difficult. It says that she does not check in the days of Nidah!
à"ð äà çùéá îòééï ñúåí
Explanation #2: Alternatively, this is considered that the Mayan is closed;
åîòééï ôúåç éôøù ëîå ùôéøù"é áìùåï ùðé áô"÷ (ùí éà.) ùøàúä àáâ"ã åáäëé àééøé îúðé ãäúí ãáäëé ìà ÷áòä ìä åñúä.
He will explain a closed Mayan like Rashi said in Version #2 above (11a), that she saw the first four days of the month (there was no day without blood from Rosh Chodesh until the fifth of the month), and the Mishnah there discusses such a case. Then she does not fix a Veses.