Mishnah 1
1)
(a)The Mishnah begins by discussing the things concerning the Korban Pesach that override Shabbos. What do we learn from ...
1. ... the Gezeirah-Shavah "be'Mo'ado" (in the Pasuk in Be'ha'aloscha "Vaya'asu B'nei Yisrael es ha'Pasach be'Mo'ado") "be'Mo'ado" (in Pinchas, in connection with the Korban Tamid).
2. ... the Pasuk (also in Pinchas in connection with the Korban Tamid) "al Olas ha'Tamid"?
(b)The Tana lists four things that override Shabbos. What is the criterion that determines this?
(c)The first two items on the list are Shechitah and Zerikah. Why can one not wait until after Shabbos and perform them on Motza'ei Shabbos?
(d)From which Pasuk in Tzav do we learn this?
1)
(a)The Mishnah begins by discussing the things concerning the Korban Pesach that override Shabbos. We learn from ...
1. ... the Gezeirah-Shavah "be'Mo'ado" (in the Pasuk in Be'ha'aloscha "Vaya'asu B'nei Yisrael es ha'Pasach be'Mo'ado") "be'Mo'ado" (in Pinchas, in connection with the Korban Tamid) - that just as the Korban Tamid overrides Shabbos, so too, does the Korban Pesach.
2. ... the Pasuk (also in Pinchas in connection with the Korban Tamid) "al Olas ha'Tamid" - that the Korban Tamid overrides Shabbos.
(b)The Tana lists four things that override Shabbos. The criterion that determines this is - if they cannot be performed after Shabbos has terminated.
(c)The first two items on the list are Shechitah and Zerikah. One cannot wait until after Shabbos and perform them on Motza'ei Shabbos - since both of these Avodos can only be performed by day ...
(d)... as the Torah writes in Tzav "be'Yom Tzavoso Lehakriv".
2)
(a)The remaining two items are Michuy Keravav and Hekter Chalavim (See Tos. Yom-Tov). What is 'Michuy K'ravav'?
(b)Why does it override Shabbos (See Tiferes Yisrael)?
(c)The two items in the Tana's list of things that do not override Shabbos are roasting and Hadachas K'ravav. What is 'Hadachas K'ravav'?
(d)Why do they not override Shabbos?
2)
(a)The remaining two items are Michuy Keravav - (cleaning out the innards [i.e. removing the dung]) and Hekter Chalavim (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)Michuy Keravav overrides Shabbos (See Tiferes Yisrael) - since, if one were not to do so immediately, they would smell.
(c)The two items in the Tana's list of things that do not override Shabbos are roasting and Hadachas K'ravav - (washing the innards) ...
(d)... which can both be performed on Motza'ei Shabbos.
3)
(a)The Tana now discusses carrying the lamb through the streets of Yerushalayim, bringing it from outside the T'chum Shabbos and removing its warts. What do the first two of these have in common?
(b)On what grounds is carrying the lamb only de'Rabbanan?
(c)What Isur does removing its warts involve?
(d)On what condition will it too, be only a Sh'vus?
3)
(a)The Tana now discusses carrying the lamb through the streets of Yerushalayim, bringing it from outside the T'chum Shabbos and removing its warts, the first two of which - are only a Sh'vus (Asur mi'de'Rabbanan).
(b)Carrying the lamb is only de'Rabbanan - because a live animal carries part of its own weight (See Tiferes Yisrael and Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)Removing its warts involves the Isur of - Tikun Mana (which is a Toldah of Makeh ba'Patish).
(d)It too, becomes a Sh'vus - if one removes it with one's teeth.
4)
(a)Rebbi Akiva rules that all of the above do not override Shabbos. Why did the Chachamim decline to waive the Isur de'Rabbanan, to enable the Korban to be brought?
(b)Based on a Mishnah in Eruvin, on what condition will removing a wart on Shabbos Erev Pesach, be permitted?
(c)To which location is this concession confined?
(d)Which other ruling of Rebbi Eliezer (in Maseches Shabbos) serves as the basis for his ruling here, permitting the above even on Shabbos?
4)
(a)Rebbi Akiva rules that all of the above do not override Shabbos. The Chachamim declined to waive the Isur de'Rabbanan, to enable the Korban to be brought, because - the owner could have done them be'Heter before Shabbos.
(b)Based on a Mishnah in Eruvin, removing a wart on Shabbos Erev Pesach will be permitted - if the wart is a dry one ...
(c)... though it is only permitted in the Azarah.
(d)The other ruling (of Rebbi Eliezer in Maseches Shabbos) that serves as the basis for his ruling here, permitting the above even on Shabbos - is the principle that 'Machshirei Mitzvah Dochin es ha'Shabbos (even if they could have been performed before Shabbos).
Mishnah 2
5)
(a)How did Rebbi Eliezer try to prove his ruling here from a 'Kal va'Chomer' from Shechitah (of the Korban Pesach)?
(b)Rebbi Yehoshua countered his argument by citing Yom-Tov. Which Melachah is permitted on Yom-Tov and which Sh'vus is forbidden?
(c)What is the reason for the latter ruling?
(d)How did Rebbi Eliezer refute Rebbi Yehoshua's disproof? What renders the Korban Pesach and Simchas Yom-Tov incomparable?
(e)On what grounds did Rebbi Yehoshua disagree with Rebbi Eliezer's distinction?
5)
(a)Rebbi Eliezer tried to prove his ruling here from a 'Kal va'Chomer' from Shechitah (of the Korban Pesach) - which is a Melachah, overrides Shabbos, Kal va'Chomer the above three, which are only Sh'vusin.
(b)Rebbi Yehoshua countered his argument by citing Yom-Tov - where Shechitah and cooking are permitted, yet the Chachamim forbade bringing food from outside the T'chum ...
(c)... since this could have been done before Shabbos without their getting spoilt.
(d)Rebbi Eliezer refuted Rebbi Yehoshua's comparison of the Korban Pesach and Simchas Yom-Tov however - inasmuch as the former is a Mitzvah, whereas the latter is only R'shus.
(e)Rebbi Yehoshua disagreed with Rebbi Eliezer's distinction - in that he considers Simchas Yom-Tov a Mitzvah (See Meleches Shlomoh).
6)
(a)How did Rebbi Yehoshua then query Rebbi Eliezer from Haza'ah (the sprinkling of a Tamei Meis with the ashes of the Parah Adumah)?
(b)What makes Haza'ah a Sh'vus?
(c)What is the case (where not performing Haza'ah will prevent a person from fulfilling the Mitzvah of Korban Pesach)?
(d)How did Rebbi Eliezer reply to that?
6)
(a)Rebbi Yehoshua then queried Rebbi Eliezer from Haza'ah (the sprinkling of a Tamei Meis with the ashes of the Parah Adumah) - which is a Mitzvah, and is only a Sh'vus, yet it is forbidden.
(b)Haza'ah is a Sh'vus - because it looks like Tikun Gavra (by making a person eligible for Tevilah).
(c)The case is that of - a Tamei Meis on his seventh day, which falls on Shabbos Erev Pesach. Consequently, if he is not sprinkled with the ashes of the Parah Adumah, he will not be able to fulfil the Mitzvah of Korban Pesach (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d)To which Rebbi Eliezer replied - that Haza'ah too, ought to be permitted from the same Kal va'Chomer.
7)
(a)How did Rebbi Akiva counter Rebbi Eliezer's reply by suggesting the opposite?
(b)What was the basis of his suggestion? What was he taking for granted (See Tiferes Yisrael)?
(c)Failing to take the hint, how did Rebbi Eliezer (based on the Pasuk "be'Mo'ado") ridicule Rebbi Akiva's suggestion?
7)
(a)Rebbi Akiva countered Rebbi Eliezer's reply by suggesting the opposite - that seeing as Haza'ah is Asur, so too, should Shechitah be Asur.
(b)The basis of his suggestion was - to remind Rebbi Eliezer what he had himself taught him but had forgotten (that Haza'ah is forbidden because of Sh'vus.
(c)Failing to take the hint, Rebbi Eliezer (based on the Pasuk "be'Mo'ado") ridiculed Rebbi Akiva's suggestion - by asking him how he could simply ignore the Pasuk "be'Mo'ado", which specifically permits Shechitah on Shabbos.
8)
(a)What did Rebbi Akiva reply to Rebbi Eliezer's refutation?
(b)How about Haza'ah, which cannot be performed at any other time, as we already learned?
(c)What principle does Rebbi Akiva finally teach us that forms the basis of his opinion?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
8)
(a)Rebbi Akiva replied - 'Rebbi, Havei li mo'ed la'Eilu' (i.e. the three things that Rebbi Eliezer was trying to permit do not have a fixed time, such as Shechitah does, and are therefore Asur because of Sh'vus (See Tiferes Yisrael).
(b)Even though Haza'ah cannot be performed at any other time, as we already learned - it does not override Pesach, because since it does not concern the body of the Pesach, the concession of "be'Mo'ado" does not pertain to it (though it is unclear what this means, seeing as Haza'ah is only a Sh'vus, as we learned earlier).
(c)Rebbi Akiva finally teaches us - that any Melachah that can be performed on Erev Shabbos does not override Shabbos.
(d)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Akiva.
Mishnah 3
9)
(a)The Mishnah discusses the three preconditions for a Chagigah to be brought with the Pesach. Which Chagigah is the Tana referring to?
(b)One of the preconditions is 'be'Mu'at'. What does this mean?
(c)A second precondition is 'be'Chol'. What is the third?
9)
(a)The Mishnah discusses the three preconditions for a Chagigah to be brought with the Pesach. The Tana is referring to - the Chagigah that is brought on the fourteenth of Nisan.
(b)One of the preconditions is 'be'Mu'at' which means - if the Pesach is relatively small compared to the size of the group (See Tiferes Yisrael).
(c)A second precondition is 'be'Chol'; the third - 'be'Taharah'.
10)
(a)The Chagigah is not brought with a Pesach ha'Ba be'Shabbos, bi'Merubeh or be'Tum'ah. What is the meaning of 'bi'Merubeh'?
(b)How is it possible for the Pesach to be brought be'Tum'ah?
(c)What is the basis for this latter set of rulings?
(d)Why does one then bring it (See Tiferes Yisrael)?
10)
(a)The Chagigah is not brought with a Pesach ha'Ba be'Shabbos, bi'Merubeh - a large Pesach, or be'Tum'ah.
(b)It is possible for the Pesach to be brought be'Tum'ah - if the majority of the community are Tamei.
(c)This latter set of rulings is based on the fact - that the Korban Chagigah is not obligatory ...
(d)And one only brings it so that the Pesach (which is eaten aftyer it), will be eaten 'al ha'Sova' (to satisfaction [Tiferes Yisrael]).
Mishnah 4
11)
(a)The Pesach has to be a male lamb or goat, Whih species of animals are eligible to be brought as a Chagigah?
(b)Is one permitted to bring a female animal?
(c)What is the time limit for eating a Chagigah?
11)
(a)Despite the fact that the Pesach has to be a male lamb or goat - any Kasher Beheimah (from the Tzon or Bakar family) is eligible to be brought as a Chagigah ...
(b)... irrespective of whether it is a male or a female.
(c)The time limit for eating a Chagigah is - two days and one night (like the Chagigah of the fifteenth (See Pirush ha'Mishnayos le'ha'Rambam).
Mishnah 5
12)
(a)The Mishnah discusses a Korban that is Shechted on Erev Pesach that falls on Shabbos she'Lo ki'Shemo. What does 'she'Lo li'Shemo' mean?
(b)What does the Tana say about someone who Shechts ...
1. ... a Korban Pesach on Shabbos 'she'Lo li'Shemo'?
2. ... another Korban as a Korban Pesach is Chayav Chatas if it is not fit? What does 'if it is not fit' mean?
(c)What does Rebbi Eliezer rule assuming it is fit?
12)
(a)The Mishnah discusses a Korban that is Shechted on Erev Pesach that falls on Shabbos she'Lo ki'Shemo - as a different Koban than the one it was designated as.
(b)The Tana rules that someone who Shechts ...
1. ... a Korban Pesach on Shabbos 'she'Lo li'Shemo' - is Chayav a Chatas (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... another Korban as a Korban Pesach is Chayav Chatas if it is of a species that is 'not fit' - (e.g. it is either a calf, a ram in its second year or a ewe).
(c)Even if it is fit - (i.e. if it is fit (i.e. a male lamb or a kid-goat), Rebbi Eliezer declares - that he is Chayav Chatas.
13)
(a)What does Rebbi Yehoshua say about the current case?
(b)Why is that?
(c)What Mitzvah has he performed?
13)
(a)Rebbi Yehoshua rules, in the curre3nt case - that he is Patur ...
(b)... because he maintains that someone who errs in a D'var Mitzvah and performs a Mitzvah is Patur.
(c)The Mitzvah he performed is - that he brought a Korban, because, with the exception of a Chatas, all Korbanos that one brings she'Lo li'Shemah are Kasher (even if one Shechts them le'Shem Pesach, according to Rebbi Yehoshua).
14)
(a)To prove his opinion, what Kal va'Chomer did Rebbi Eliezer Darshen from Pesach which is Mutar li'Shemo?
(b)How did Rebbi Yehoshua refute the Kal va'Chomer? What makes bringing a Pesach she'Lo li'Shemo worse than other Zevachim?
(c)How did Rebbi Eliezer then try to refute Rebbi Yehoshua's counter-proof from the Emurim of a Korban Tzibur?
(d)What is the definition of a Korban Tzibur in this case?
(e)Rebbi Yehoshua countered that, whereas Emurei Tzibur have a Kitzbah, the Korban Pesach doesn't. What did he mean by that?
14)
(a)To prove his opinion, Rebbi Eliezer Darshened a Kal va'Chomer from Pesach, which is Mutar li'Shemo - yet she'Lo li'Shemo, one is Chayav, how much more so should one be Chayav for other Korbanos she'Lo li'Shemo, which are Asur li'Shemo.
(b)Rebbi Yehoshua refuted the Kal va'Chomer, inasmuch as bringing a Pesach she'Lo li'Shemo is worse than other Zevachim - since he changed for something that is Asur, whereas other Zevachim he changed for something that is Mutar.
(c)Rebbi Eliezer then tried to refute Rebbi Yehoshua's counter-proof by citing the Emurim of a Korban Tzibur - which are permitted li'Sheman, yet someone who Shechts them in the name of other Korbanos is Chayav ... .
(d)The definition of a Korban Tzibur in this case is - either the Korban Tamid or the Korban Musaf.
(e)Rebbi Yehoshua countered however that, whereas Emurei Tzibur have a Kitzbah - (the sinner has no excuse to sin, since he does not see people busy Shechting Korb'nos Tzibur, and he know that having brought the one animal, no more need to be brought), the Korban Pesach doesn't - (seeing as he sees everybody Shechting their Pesachim).
15)
(a)What did Rebbi Meir say about Emurei Tzibur?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah ...
1. ... in the current Machlokes?
2. ... in the Machlokes between Rebbi Eliezer and Rebbi Yehoshua?
15)
(a)According to Rebbi Meir - someone who Shechts le'Shem Emurei Tzibur is Patur, too.
(b)The Halachah ...
1. ... in the current Machlokes is - like the Chachamim of Rebbi Meir.
2. ... in the Machlokes between Rebbi Eliezer and Rebbi Yehoshua is - like Rebbi Yehoshua.
Mishnah 6
16)
(a)What does the Tana now say regarding someone who Shechts a Korban Pesach on Shabbos on behalf of ...
1. ... people who cannot eat it, who are not on the list of participants, Areilin or Temei'in?
2. ... a group of people, some of whom can eat and some of whom cannot, some of whom are on the list of participants and some of whom are not, Areilin and Mulin, or Tehorin and Temei'in?
(b)What is the reason for the latter ruling?
(c)Why does the Mishnah render Chayav Chatas someone who Shechts a Korban Pesach on Shabbos and it turns out to be blemished?
(d)What if, after Shechting it, the Shochet discovers that it is internally T'reifah or that the owners withdrew, died or became Tamei?
(e)Why is that?
16)
(a)The Tana now rules that someone who Shechts a Korban Pesach on Shabbos on behalf of ...
1. ... people who cannot eat it, who are not on the list of participants, Areilin or Temei'in - is Chayav.
2. ... a group of people, some of whom can eat and some of whom who cannot, some of whom are on the list of participants and some of whom are not, Areilin and Mulin, or Tehorin and Temei'in - is Patur ...
(b)... since the Pesach is Kasher (as we learned in the previous Perek).
(c)The Mishnah renders Chayav Chatas someone who Shechts a Korban Pesach on Shabbos and it turns out to be blemished - because the onus was on him to inspect it first, thereby rendering him a Shogeg and not an Oneis.
(d)If, on the other hand, after Shechting it, the Shochet discovers that it is internally T'reifah or that the owners withdrew, died or became Tamei - he is Patur ...
(e)... seeing as, at the time of Shechitah, he was an Oneis.
