[128a - 55 lines; 128b - 48 lines]
1)[line 2]שזרעו בעציץ שאינו נקובSHE'ZAR'O B'ATZITZ SHE'EINO NAKUV- it was planted in a pot without a drainage hole (and received no sustenance from the ground underneath)
2)[line 4]שהקדימו בכריSHE'HIKDIMO BA'KRI
(a)By Torah Law, a person is required to tithe his grain only if he harvests it in a normal manner. This includes completing the stalk-to-grain process in the field, piling up the grain there and bringing it through the front door of his house (Berachos 35b). It is then Hukba l'Ma'aser (designated for tithing). He must separate Terumah Gedolah from the crop, which he gives to a Kohen. Although the Torah does not specify the amount to be given, the Rabanan set the requirement at one fiftieth.
(b)After Terumah Gedolah is removed from the produce, the first tithe to be given every year is called Ma'aser Rishon; one tenth of the produce must be given to a Levi. The Levi, in turn, must separate one tenth of his Ma'aser Rishon as Terumas Ma'aser, to be given to a Kohen, as it states in Bamidbar 18:26.
(c)If a Levi came to the field and claimed the Ma'aser Rishon from the Kri (the pile of grain; contrast with "Hikdimo ba'Shibolim"; see Background to Shabbos 127:15), he must give Terumah Gedolah to a Kohen, since the requirement to give Terumah Gedolah exists as soon as the produce is classified as Dagan, as the verse (Devarim 18:4) states, "Reshis Degancha... Titen Lo" - "You should give him the first [part that you separate] from your produce."
3)[line 9]אסימוןASIMON- a blank; a metal disc from which a coin is stamped
4)[line 13]החצבHA'CHATZAV- a shrub with deep, straight roots used to plant hedges that mark boundaries, probably cistus
5)[line 16]נעמיותNA'AMIYOS- ostriches
6)[line 18]פיליןPILIN- elephants
7a)[line 19]שכיחיSHECHICHEI- are commonly found
b)[line 31]שהיו נושין בוSHE'HAYU NOSHIN BO
If a person owes money to another person or to Hekdesh and cannot pay his debt, Beis Din has the power to sell his property in order to raise the necessary funds. The Mishnah in Erchin 23b states, however, that there are certain items which the Beis Din may not sell, either because they are necessities for every day life or for the person's livelihood. Some examples are: food to last thirty days, a wardrobe to last twelve months, a bed, shoes, Tefilin, two of each type of trade tools, the donkey of a donkey driver and the like.
8)[line 32]איצטלאITZTELA- a fine robe
9)[line 38]אסור לטלטלןASUR L'TALTELAN- that is, even if he prepared them to be used as animal fodder
10)[line 39]סיאהSI'AH- (O.F. poliol) pennyroyal, a type of mint (RASHI); (b) (O.F. sadree) savory (RASHI, citing REBBI YITCHAK HA'LEVI)
11)[line 39]אזובEZOV- hyssop
12)[line 39]קורניתKORANIS- (O.F. sadree) savory (RASHI)
13)[line 40]קוטםKOTEM- to clip or nip [a twig]
14)[line 41]מוללMOLEL- to rub (which breaks off pieces)
15)[line 43]אמיתאAMITA- (O.F. mente) mint
16)[line 43]בפיגםPIGAM- (O.F. rude) the herb rue
17)[line 46]חשיCHASHEI- (O.F. sadree) savory (RASHI)
18)[line 46]בשר מליחBASAR MELI'ACH- salted meat
19a)[line 47]בשר תפלBASAR TAFEL- unsalted (raw) meat
b)[line 52]בר אווזאBAR AVZA- [an unsalted] goose
20)[line 52]משמשא לטולאMI'SHIMSHA L'TULA- from the sun to the shade
21)[line 52]חסרון כיסCHISARON KIS- a loss, deficit
128b----------------------------------------128b
22)[line 1]בשר תפוחBASAR TAFU'ACH- spoiled, rotten meat
23)[line 1]מים מגוליןMAYIM MEGULIN (water which was left uncovered)
The sages prohibited the consumption of uncovered water that was left unattended. There is a possibility that a poisonous snake drank from the water, injecting poison into it. (See RAMBAM Hilchos Rotze'ach u'Shemiras ha'Nefesh 11:5-16.)
24)[line 2]חתולCHASUL- a cat
25a)[line 4]כופיןKOFIN- it is permissible to turn over
b)[line 4]האפרוחיםEFROCHIN- chicks
26a)[line 6]מדדיןMEDADIN- it is permissible to help young animals walk by holding them upright and moving their legs, even pulling and dragging them
b)[line 6]סייחיןSEYACHIN- young donkeys
27)[line 10]אמת המיםAMAS HA'MAYIM- a channel of water
28)[line 13]עושה לה פרנסהOSEH LAH PARNASAH- he provides it with sustenance
29)[line 17]קא מבטל כלי מהיכנוKA MEVATEL KLI ME'HEICHANO
(a)Any utensil that is useful on Shabbos is called Muchan (ready [for use]). When an article of Muktzah falls into it on Shabbos, the utensil may be rendered immovable. If the utensil cannot be pulled out from under the Muktzah (the Muktzah itself may not be moved directly), it becomes Batel me'Heichano, i.e. its status of usefulness is canceled. Our Gemara deals with a case where mattresses and pillows were placed under an animal to help it climb out of the ditch into which it fell. If a person sets the mattresses and pillows there on Shabbos, he has been Mevatel them me'Heichano.
(b)Rashi (43b) explains that the reason for the prohibition of Mevatel Keli me'Heichano is that it is similar to affixing the utensil to its place with mortar, which is comparable to the Melachah of Boneh (building). Rashi here (DH v'Ha) explains that the reason for the prohibition is that it is comparable to the Melachah of Soser (destroying [the utensil].)
30)[line 21]מקפיא נפשהMEKAFYA NAFSHAH- it lifts itself off the ground
31)[line 25]לכבשינהו לכרעיה בארעאL'CHAVSHINHU L'CHAR'EI B'AR'A- he should bury its feet in the ground
32)[line 26]נידל להו מידלNEIDAL LEHU MEIDAL- he should lift them off the ground
33)[line 26]טופריהTUFREI- its nails
34)[line 27]סימניםSIMANIM- the parts of the animal that must be cut when performing a Shechitah: the Ka'neh (windpipe) and the Veshet (gullet)
35)[line 27]מסעדיןMESA'ADIN- it is permissible to help the animal give birth
36)[line 28]חכמהCHACHAMAH- a midwife
37)[line 29]הטיבורHA'TIBUR- the umbilical cord
38)[line 32]דדDAD- a teat
39)[line 34]בולBUL- a lump [of salt]
40)[line 34]כדי שתזכור צערהKEDEI SHE'TIZKOR TZA'ARAH- so that it should remember its labor pains (and consequently have pity on its baby)
41)[line 35]מי שליאMEI SHILYA- water in which the fetal sack was soaked (RASHI, ME'IRI)
42)[line 47]כל זמן שהקבר פתוחKOL ZMAN SHEHA'KEVER PASU'ACH- as long as the womb is open