Mishnah 1
1)
(a)What Shi'ur does the Mishnah give with regard to Reuven who puts aside something for planting or as a sample and then carries it into the street?
(b)What third case does the Tana add?
(c)When must he have put it aside?
(d)Why is he Chayav for even a Kol-Sh'hu?
(e)On what grounds does the Tana declare him Chayav even if he forgot why he put it aside and carried it out?
1)
(a)The Shi'ur the Mishnah gives with regard to Reuven who puts aside something for planting or as a sample and then carries it into the street is - a Kol-Sh'hu.
(b)The third case the Tana adds is - who puts aside something as a cure ...
(c)... (all) before Shabbos.
(d)The reason that he is Chayav even for a Kol-Sh'hu is - because by putting it aside he renders it Chashuv.
(e)And the reason that the Tana declares him Chayav even if he forgot why he put it aside and carried it out is - on account of the principle that what he does, he does having in mind his original intention ('al Da'as ha'Rishonah Hotzi'o').
2)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about Shimon who carries out the article that Reuven has set aside?
(b)On what condition will even Reuven require the regular Shi'ur in order to be Chayav?
2)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if Shimon carries out the article that Reuven has set aside - he is Chayav only if he carries the full Shi'ur.
(b)Even Reuven will require the regular Shi'ur in order to be Chayav - if took the article back from where he placed it after designating it.
Mishnah 2
3)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a case where Reuven places food on the Iskupah (threshold) of his house (that is between three and ten Tefachim high) before carrying it out. What second case does he add to that?
(b)What is the status (as regards Shabbos) of such an Iskupah?
(c)What does the Tana now rule in a case where ...
1. ... Reuven himself subsequently carries the food into the street?
2. ... Shimon carries it into the street?
(d)Why are they both Patur?
3)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a case where Reuven places food on the Iskupah (threshold) of his house (that is between three and ten Tefachim high) and either he - or Shimon then carries it out.
(b)The status of such an Iskupah is - that of a Karm'lis.
(c)The Tana now rule in a case where ...
1. ... Reuven himself subsequently carries the food into the street - that he is Patur, and the same will apply if ...
2. ... Shimon carries it into the street.
(d)They are both Patur - because they did not perform the entire Melachah in one go (i.e. from the R'shus ha'Yachid to the R'shus ha'Rabim, without first placing it in a Karm'lis.
4)
(a)And what does the Tana say about a case where the owner places a box containing 'fruit' on the outer Iskupah (see Tiferes Yisrael) in a way that the majority of the fruit is lying in the R'shus ha'Rabim whereas some of it is still in the R'shus ha'Yachid?
(b)How do we qualify this ruling? What kind of 'fruit' does the box contain?
(c)What will be the Din if the box is full of small fruit?
4)
(a)And the Tana rules that in a case where the owner places a box containing 'fruit' on the outer Iskupah (see Tiferes Yisrael) in a way that the majority of the fruit is lying in the R'shus ha'Rabim whereas some of it is still in the R'shus ha'Yachid - he is Patur ...
(b)... provided that is - that the box contains things like cucumbers and pumpkins, which are long and which are now lying partly in each of the above Reshuyos.
(c)If however, the box is full of small fruit - then he is Chayav on the fruit that is outside and Patur on the fruit that is inside.
Mishnah 3
5)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about someone who carries out ...
1. ... with his left hand?
2. ... in his bosom?
(b)What is the reason for these rulings?
(c)And why is he Chayav for carrying on his shoulders?
5)
(a)The Mishnah rules that someone who carries out ...
1. ... with his left hand or ...
2. ... in his bosom - is Chayav ...
(b)... because it is common to carry that way.
(c)And he is Chayav for carrying on his shoulders - since that is the way the B'nei K'has carried the Aron and the other Holy Vessels in the desert.
6)
(a)And what if spmeone carries out on the back of his hand, in his mouth, in the crock of his elbow, in his ear or in his hair?
(b)The same applies if he carries in Pundaso which is turned upside-down. Besides a money-belt, how else might one define 'Pundaso'?
(c)And what does the Tana say about someone who carries something ...
1. ... that is held between his money-belt and his shirt or in the bottom hem of his shirt?
2. ... in his shoe or his sandal?
(d)Why is he Patur in all these cases?
6)
(a)Someone who carries out on the back of his hand, in his mouth, in the crock of his elbow, in his ear or in his hair - is Patur.
(b)The same applies if he carries in Pundaso which is turned upside-down. Besides a money-belt, one might define 'Pundaso' as - a vest with pockets.
(c)The Tana also - declares Patur someone who carries something ...
1. ... that is held between his money-belt and his shirt, in the bottom hem of his shirt or ...
2. ... in his shoe or his sandal.
(d)In all of these above cases he is Patur - because that is not how one normally carries things.
Mishnah 4
7)
(a)What distinction does the Mishnah draw between somebody who means to carry something in front of and it swivels round to the back and vice-versa?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Why does the Tan then rule that in a similar case where a woman attached something to the front of her apron (Tiferes Yisrael) and it swivels round to the back is Chayav?
(d)What is the significance of the words 'be'Emes Amru' with which he begins this last ruling?
7)
(a)The Mishnah declares Patur somebody who means to carry something in front of him and it swivels round to the back - but Chayav in the reverse case ...
(b)... whereas in the former case, his Shemirah has improved, in the latter, it has decreased.
(c)He nevertheless then rules that in a similar case where a woman attached something to the front of her apron (Tiferes Yisrael) and it swivels round to the back is Chayav - because at the outset, one expects the article to move backwards and forwards.
(d)What is the significance of the words 'be'Emes Amru' with which he begins this last ruling is - that they are Halachah.
8)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah issues the same ruling with regard to a king's messenger who carries a letter on behalf of the king. How and where did he tend to transport it?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah?
8)
(a)Rebbi Yehudah issues the same ruling with regard to a king's messenger who carries a letter on behalf of the king - placed inside a bamboo-like hollow piece of wood tied round his neck.
(b)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama (who disagrees with Rebbi Yehudah).
Mishnah 5
9)
(a)What is the Din if two people carry a loaf into the street on Shabbos?
(b)On what condition does the Mishnah declare them Chayav?
(c)How does he learn this from the Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with a Korban Chatas "ba'Asosah Achas mi'Kol Mitzvos Hash-m"?
(d)What does Rebbi Shimon say?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
9)
(a)Two people carry a loaf into the street on Shabbos - are Patur.
(b)The Mishnah declares them Chayav however - if each one was not able to carry it out on his own.
(c)He learns this from the Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with a Korban Chatas "ba'Asosah Achas mi'Kol Mitzvos Hash-m" - from which he extrapolates that one must perform the entire Melachah in order to be Chayav (see also Tos. Yom-Tov and Tif'eres Yisrael).
(d)According to Rebbi Shimon, he is Patur either way.
(e)The Halachah is like the Tana Kama.
10)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about someone who carries out less than a Shi'ur of food in a receptacle?
(b)Why is that?
(c)The same applies to someone who carries out a live persons in a bed on Shabbos. Why is he not Chayav for carrying out the person?
(d)What will be the Din if someone carries out a live animal or bird?
10)
(a)The Mishnah rules that someone who carries out less than a Shi'ur of food in a receptacle - is Patur even on the receptacle ...
(b)... because the receptacle is Bateil to the food.
(c)The same applies to someone who carries out a live persons in a bed on Shabbos. He is not Chayav for carrying out the person - since a live (healthy) person carries part of his own weight.
(d)If someone carries out a live animal or bird - he is Chayav.
11)
(a)And what does the Tana rule with regard to someone who carries out a k'Zayis of Meis or a piece of Neveilah or Sheretz on Shabbos?
(b)What is the Shi'ur Chiyuv for the piece of ...
1. ... Neveilah?
2. ... Sheretz?
(c)What is the reason for these Shi'urim?
(d)Why are these cases not considered a 'Melachah she'Einah Tzerichah le'Gufah', according to the Tana Kama?
11)
(a)The Tana - declares Chayav someone who carries out a k'Zayis of Meis or a piece of Neveilah or Sheretz on Shabbos.
(b)The Shi'ur Chiyuv for the piece of ...
1. ... Neveilah is - a K'zayis.
2. ... Sheretz - is a K'adashah (the size of a lentil).
(c)The reason for these Shi'urim is - because they coincide with the Shi'ur that they require in order to be subject to Tum'ah (since otherwise, these items are not coinsidered Chashuv).
(d)According to the Tana Kama, these cases are not considered a 'Melachah she'Einah Tzerichah le'Gufah' - seeing as the owner specifically wants the Tum'ah out of his domain, in order to avoid becoming Tamei.
12)
(a)What does Rebbi Shimon say about the above rulings?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah?
12)
(a)Rebbi Shimon declares all of these cases Patur - since he considers them 'Melachah she'Einah Tzerichah le'Gufah'.
(b)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 6
13)
(a)Rebbi Eliezer declares Chayav somebody who cuts his nails using his hands or his teeth. What does he say about pulling out hair from his head, his moustache or beard using his hands?
(b)What do the Rabbanan say?
(c)He also rules 'Chayav' with regard to 'Godeles, Kocheles and Pokeses'. If a 'Godeles' is a woman who plaits her hair, what is ...
1. ... a 'Kocheles'?
2. ... a 'Pokeses'?
(d)According to Rebbi Eliezer, these last three are Toldos of two different Avos. If Kocheles is Chayav because of 'Kosev', what is the Av Melachah of 'Godeles' and 'Pokeses'?
(e)What do the Chachamim say about these three?
(f)Like whom is the Halachah?
13)
(a)Rebbi Eliezer declares Chayav somebody who cuts his nails using his hands or his teeth - or pulls out hair from his head, his moustache or beard using his hands.
(b)The Rabbanan maintain - that he has only transgressed a Sh'vus (an Isur de'Rabbanan).
(c)He also rules 'Chayav' with regard to 'Godeles, Kocheles and Pokeses'. A 'Godeles' is a woman who plaits her hair ...
1. ... a 'Kocheles' - one who paints her eyes and ...
2. ... a 'Pokeses' - one who makes a parting in her hair.
(d)According to Rebbi Eliezer, these last three are Toldos of two different Avos; Kocheles is Chayav because of 'Kosev' - 'Godeles' and 'Pokeses' because of - Binyan.
(e)The Chachamim rule that these three two - are only forbidden on account of Sh'vus.
(f)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
14)
(a)What do the Chachamim say about someone who cuts his hair, moustache or beard using a pair of scissors?
(b)How much will he have to cut in order to be Chayav?
(c)In which case will they agree that he is Chayav even if he uses his hands?
(d)And under which circumstances do they permit cutting a nail with one's hands or pulling out a hair even Lechatchilah?
14)
(a)The Chachamim rule that someone who cuts his hair, moustache or beard using a pair of scissors - is Chayav (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(b)... provided he cuts at least two hairs.
(c)They will agree that he is Chayav even if he uses his hands - if he is cutting somebody else's hair.
(d)On the other hand, they permit cutting a nail with one's hands or pulling out a hair even Lechatchilah - if it has come loose and the owner is in pain.
15)
(a)What distinction does the Mishnah draw between detaching a growing plant from a flower-pot with a hole and detaching it from one without one?
(b)What size hole must it be in order to be Chayav?
(c)And what will be the Din if the hole is not in the base, but at the side?
(d)What is the reason for this ruling?
15)
(a)The Mishnah declares - Chayav someone who detaches a plant that grows in a flower-pot with a hole but - Patur for detaching it from one without a hole.
(b)In order to be Chayav, the hole must be at least - the size of a small root.
(c)The same Din will apply - even if the hole is not in the base of the pot but at the side.
(d)The reason for this ruling is that the plant is able to benefit from the moisture on the ground even when the hole is on the side.
16)
(a)What does Rebbi Shimon say about a detaching from a flower-pot which has a hole?
(b)What is his reason?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
16)
(a)Rebbi Shimon declares Patur - even someone who detaches from a flower-pot which has a hole ...
(b)... because he does not consider a plant in a pot attached to the ground.
(c)The Halachah however is - like the Tana Kama.
