Their cheese [was one of the decrees].

(R. Yirmeyah): Why is milk of Nochrim forbidden? It is a decree due to a mixture of milk of a Tamei animal.

Support (Beraisa): A Yisrael stands in the herd and a Nochri milks and brings to him, and he is not concerned. (It is not enough to stand next to the herd, lest the Nochri mix in milk of a Tamei animal.)

(R. Ba citing Rav Yehudah and R. Simon citing R. Yehoshua ben Levi): Why is milk of Nochrim forbidden? It is due to Giluy (they are not careful to cover it. Perhaps a snake drank from it.)

Question: It should be permitted to make cheese from it! (If there is venom inside, it will separate and not become part of the cheese.)

Answer (R. Shmuel bar Rav Yitzchak): We are concerned for venom [in milk] between the holes [in the cheese].

There are three kinds of venom. One floats, one sinks, and one is [perforated] like a net and stands above (i.e. in the middle. We explained this like R. SHLOMO SIRILIYO, Terumos 8:3.)

In the days of R. Yirmeyah, a barrel was exposed in the great Beis Midrash. The first people who drank from it did not die. People drank from it later, and died. I say that the venom sank. (The first ones drank from the wine on top.)

Workers were in the mountain. A flask was exposed. The first people who drank from it did not die. People drank from it later, and died. I say that the venom sank.

Support (Beraisa): If a melon was punctured (something was pecking at it) and 10 people ate from it, and similarly if wine was exposed and 10 people drank from it, it is forbidden to eat or drink after them. I say that the venom sank.

Oil, vinegar, brine, fish oil and honey, Giluy does not apply to them; R. Shimon forbids.

Chachamim agree to R. Shimon when they saw [a snake] sip [from them].

Question: [One of the decrees was] their oil. Who forbade their oil?

Note: Above, we said that it was one of the 18 decrees! RIDVAZ - we say below that earlier Chachamim decreed Tum'ah on Chutz la'Aretz. It was forgotten, and Beis Shamai and Beis Hillel concurred with the earlier Chachamim. The same applies to oil. He did not explain that this opinion does not count oil among the decrees, for the end of our Sugya (11a) considers it among the 18 matters (PF).

Answer (Rav Yehudah): Daniel forbade oil [of Nochrim] - "va'Yasem Daniel Al Libo Asher Lo Yisga'el b'Fasbag ha'Melech uv'Yein Mishtav.'' (Mishtav refers to two liquids - wine and oil.)

Question: Who permitted their oil?

Answer: Rebbi and his Beis Din permitted oil.

(R. Acha citing R. Tanchum bar Chiyah citing R. Yochanan, and some say in the name of R. Yehoshua ben Levi): People used to ascend to Har ha'Melech and were killed for this [decree. SHA'AREI TORAS ERETZ YISRAEL - most of the olives were there, and few Yisraelim lived there. Yisraelim went there in order to nake their own oil, due to the decree, and were endangered. This is why the decree was permitted.]

In three places, R. Yehudah ha'Nasi is called "our Rebbeyim'' - regarding Gitin (he said "this is your Get if I do not come within 12 months, and he died), oil [of Nochrim], and a Sandal (a miscarriage without the form of a face. Rebbi ruled that it is a valid Get, and the Sandal is not Metamei.)

Question: They should call him "the lenient Beis Din'', for any Beis Din that annuls three [stringencies] is called "a lenient Beis Din''!

Answer (R. Yudan bei R. Yishmael): His Beis Din argued with him about the Get (his leniency was not accepted).

Question (R. Yonason): Did we not learn that Beis Din cannot be Mevatel the words of another Beis Din, unless it is greater in Chachmah and number [of years of serving Chachamim, or of Talmidim who voted and agreed - RITVA Avodah Zarah 7a]. Can Rebbi and his Beis Din permit what Daniel and his colleagues forbade?!

Answer #1: R. Yochanan [who said above that Rebbi permitted it, can answer] like he taught [elsewhere. At the end of our Sugya (11a), we bring another answer in the name of R. Yochanan];

(R. Yochanan citing R. Eliezer bei R. Tzadok): I received that every decree that Beis Din makes on the Tzibur, and the majority of the Tzibur did not accept it, it is not a decree.

They checked and found that the decree of oil, the majority of the Tzibur did not accept it.

Yitzchak bar Shmuel bar Marsa descended to Netzivin. He found R. Simlai of the south sitting and expounding "Rebbi and his Beis Din permitted oil.'' Shmuel accepted this, and ate. Rav did not eat.

Shmuel (to Rav): Eat! If not I will write about you that you are a Zaken Mamrei (one who opposes a ruling of the Sanhedrin)!

Rav: When I was there (in Eretz Yisrael), I knew who questioned [the Isur of oil]. It was R. Simlai of the south! (Therefore, I do not heed him to permit it.)

Shmuel: Did he say in his own name [that it is permitted]?! Did he not say in the name of Rebbi and his Beis Din?! Shmuel [verbally] coerced Rav, and he ate.