(Mishnah): A [healthy] baby is circumcised on day eight, nine, 10, 11 or 12, but not earlier or later.

Normally, [he is circumcised on day] eight;

If he was born Bein ha'Shemashos (Safek day, Safek night; we will call the morning before the birth day one), he is circumcised on day nine. (If he was really born at night, day nine is his eighth day. We cannot circumcise before this. If he was born during the day, day nine is his ninth day);

If he was born Bein ha'Shemashos of Erev Shabbos, [day nine is Shabbos. We cannot circumcise on Shabbos, for only a Vadai eighth day Milah overrides Shabbos], he is circumcised on day 10;

If Yom Tov is after Shabbos, he is circumcised on day 11;

If the two days of Rosh Hashanah [follow Shabbos], he is circumcised on day 12.

We do not circumcise a sick baby until it gets healthy.

(Gemara): There is a case of a baby on its [first] day.

How is this? If a woman gave birth and afterwards converted [and her son with her], he is circumcised on his [first] day. If she converted and afterwards gave birth, he is circumcised on his eighth day.

Question (Yakov Ish Kefar Nevuriya, to R. Chagai): If he was born Bein ha'Shemashos [why does our Mishnah say that he is circumcised on day nine]? He should be circumcised Bein ha'Shemashos [seven days later, on day eight]!

Note: He assumes that Bein ha'Shemashos of the birth and the Milah are both day, or both are night. Some ask that we may not circumcise at night! PNEI MEIR answers that even if Bein ha'Shemashos is considered night regarding which day it is, it is considered day regarding Mitzvos that must be done during the day. Teshuvas ha'RADVAZ (5:69/1442) [and Megilah 20b] connote(s) like this.

Answer (R. Chagai): If I and you would enter one gate, can we coordinate [to enter precisely at once?! Likewise, we cannot circumcise at the exact same time Bein ha'Shemashos that he was born. Perhaps one was day, and one was night! - PNEI MOSHE]

(Shmuel): If [the baby] got a fever, we wait for him 30 days [before circumcising].

Question: During those 30 days, may we feed him Chalivah (a food made for infants - ALEI TAMAR) of Terumah and anoint him with Terumah oil?

Answer (Mishnah): An Arel and all Temei'im may not eat Terumah. Their wives and slaves may eat.

Note: The Mishnah forbids an Arel Stam, i.e. even if his brothers died due to Milah, so he may not circumcise due to danger. The same applies here.

Limitation (R. Acha citing R. Tanchum bar Chiya): Orlah is only from day eight and onwards. (Before this he is not called Arel, and he is permitted.)

Support (for Answer - Beraisa): All 30 days it is forbidden to feed him Chalivah of Terumah and anoint him with Terumah oil. (It is clear from the following that we understand this like R. Acha. He is forbidden only from when he is called Arel, from day eight and onwards.)

Question: How do you judge the eighth night? (Is it like before eight days, for like day eight?)

Answer: A Beraisa teaches "on [a calf's] eighth night, it enters the pen for Ma'aser.'' This teaches that the eighth night is like day eight.

Support (Beraisa): All seven days one may feed him Chalivah of Terumah and anoint him with Terumah oil. (This implies that the eighth night is forbidden.)

(Mishnah): The following strands invalidate Milah -- flesh that covers the majority of the crown;

[A Kohen with such strands is an Arel.] He may not eat Terumah.

If his Ever is thick [and it looks like foreskin remains,] we fix (trim) it due to Maris ha'Ayin (lest he look like an Arel).

If he circumcised but [left foreskin and] did not expose the Milah, it is as if he did not circumcise.

(Gemara - Mishnah): The following strands invalidate Milah...

(R. Avina citing R. Yirmeyah): This is when [the flesh] covers the majority of the height of the crown [even in one place. It need not cover the majority of the circumference.]

(R. Yosi ben Chaninah): It covers the majority of the roof of the crown.

(R. Tavyei): We check him (whether or not he appears Arel) when he has an erection.

(Mishnah): If he circumcised but [left foreskin and] did not expose the Milah, it is as if he did not circumcise.

(Beraisa): He is Chayav Kares [if he did so on Shabbos].

(R. Acha citing R. Avahu): This is if there is not time left in the day to finish (do also Pri'ah). If there is time left to finish, he finishes, and he is not concerned.

(Beraisa): As long as he is engaged in Milah, he may return both [to cut] strands that are Me'akev Milah and strands that are not Me'akev. If he separated, he may return to cut only strands that are Me'akev Milah.

(R. Yochanan): R. Yosah holds that even strands that are not Me'akev Milah, [even] if he separated, he may return [to cut them].

Question: Which teaching of R. Yosi [shows this]?

Answer (Mishnah - R. Yosi): If the first Yom Tov of Sukos occurred on Shabbos, if one forgot and was Motzi a Lulav to Reshus ha'Rabim, he is exempt, for he was Motzi with permission. (Even though he was Yotzei once he picked it up, there is somewhat of a Mitzvah to continue holding it. Likewise, it is Hidur Mitzvah to cut even strands that are not Me'akev.)

Question: Does the same apply to a Milah knife or Matzah (if he took it out after the Mitzvah, is he exempt)?

Answer: Since R. Yochanan said that R. Yosi holds that even if he separated, he may return to cut even strands that are not Me'akev Milah, this teaches that even a Milah knife or Matzah is so (if he took it out after the Mitzvah, he is exempt).