[11a - 46 lines; 11b - 36 lines]
*********************GIRSA SECTION*********************
We recommend using the Girsa'os of the Vilna Ga'on printed in the margins of the Vilna Shas, and the commentary "Tiklin Chadtin" upon which they are based. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that conform to the commentary of the Tiklin Chadtin which are not noted in the Hagahos ha'Gra, as well as Girsa corrections in the text of the Tiklin Chadtin itself.
[1] גמרא יא. [שורה 37]
ואם [לאו] לנו יופסלו בלינה
לפי גירסת הספרים, תיבת "לנו" מיותר, וליתא בדפו"י (ועיין גירסת הגר"א)
[2] משנה יא. מפרישין ממנה שכר האומנין
בתוס' שבועות י: מחקו תיבת "ממנה" (ומאן דגרס לה, מפרש דקאי על הלשכה, ולא על הקטורת)
[3] תקלין חדתין יא. ד"ה ומשני לא היו מודין (בסופו)
אלא לר"ש
צ"ל אלא לכלי שרת
[4] תקלין חדתין יא. ד"ה ה"ג דתנינן תמן
תוספתא בספ"י
צ"ל בפ"י סוף ה"ב
[5] תקלין חדתין יא. ד"ה בירוצי לח
ומטעמא דר"ע
צ"ל ומטעמא דנעקר
[6] הגהת הגר"א יא. [לפני אות א']
דאיך ממעט קרן
צ"ל דאיך לא ממעט קרן
[7] תקלין חדתין יא: (בראש העמוד)
*דאמר* תיחול קדושת מעות
צ"ל ואמר תיחול קדושת מעות (שיטה מקובצת מעילה שם)
(ובתקלין חדתין, מתיבת "כיון דמתנדב" הוא מלשון רש"י, ולא מלשון הגמרא, במעילה)
[8] תקלין חדתין יא: ד"ה והן שהיו חייבין
ושפיר מחללן על הקטורת, והמעות יפלו כו'
צ"ל ושפיר מחללן על מעות האומנין, והמעות יפלו כו'
(וכן מוכח מדבריו לקמן בהמשך)
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1)[line 1]שימהSIMAH- regarding each of the Kelim in the Mishkan, the Torah states that it was placed — "va'Yasem" — in its proper place (Shemos 40).
2)[line 2]כאן בעבודות שבפניםKAN BA'AVODOS SHE'BIFNIM- here (when the Chachamim rule that if the Kelim are not in their proper places, then Korbanos may not be offered) is referring to the service performed inside [the Heichal and the Kodesh ha'Kodashim]
3)[line 3]שַׁחֲצִיתSHACHATZIS- haughtiness
4)[line 4]כִּכָּרֵי זהבKIKAREI ZAHAV- golden talents (each of which is equal to 1,500 Shekalim)
5)[line 9]אית לך למימר...IS LACH L'MEIMAR...?- can you say...?
6)[line 10]מַאי כְּדוֹן (מאי טעמא)MAI K'DON?- what [then] is the reason [that a new ramp was fashioned for each Parah Adumah]?
7a)[line 10]מעלהMA'ALAH- an special measure of care
b)[line 11]סִלְסוּלSILSUL- dignity
8)[line 11]זִיזִיןZIZIN- projections
9)[line 12]שלא [יצאו ו]יציצו הכהנים ויטמאוSHE'LO [YETZ'U V']YATZITZU HA'KOHANIM V'YITAM'U- (a) so that the Kohanim who lead the Parah Adumah over the ramp should not be tempted to peer over the edge, which would cause them to become Tamei from Tum'as ha'Tehom (see Background to Pesachim 80:17; PNEI MOSHE, GILYON HA'SHAS); (b) so that the Kohanim who lead the Parah Adumah over the ramp should not peer at sights that would cause them to become Tamei from Tum'as Keri (see Background to Pesachim 67:14; TIKLIN CHATEDIN, who is not Gores the word in brackets); (c) so that other Kohanim will not come to view the spectacle and end up coming into contact with the Kohanim who burn the Parah, which would cause them to become Tamei (KORBAN HA'EDAH)
10)[line 15]כהדא בר זָמִינָאK'HADA BAR ZAMINA- like [the following incident involving a person named] Bar Zamina
11a)[line 15]איתפקד גביהISPAKAD GABEI- they entrusted to him
b)[line 15]מדל דיתמיןMADAL D'YASMIN- [a sum of money] belonging to orphans
12)[line 17]די ההפסדה דידךDI HA'HEFSEDA DIDACH- to take any losses
13)[line 17]ואַגְרָה דְתַרְוֵיכוֹןV'AGRA D'TARVEICHON- and split the profits
14)[line 21]שכר להקדשSACHAR L'HEKDESH- the profits made by Hekdesh [from selling Minchah ingredients, according to the opinion of Rebbi Yishmael in the Mishnah]
15a)[line 21]סאה רביעיתSE'AH REVI'IS- profits of Hekdesh due to a change in the price of wine, oil or flour used in Nesachim. Hekdesh would set a price with their suppliers every thirty days (Mishnah 13a). In the event that the market rate changed in the interim, the Halachah states that Hekdesh has the upper hand. If, for example ,the price went down, e.g. they had set the price at three Se'in per Sela, and now one can purchase four Se'in for the same price, the suppliers must immediately begin to supply Hekdesh at the lower price. However, if the price went up, e.g. if the initial price was four Se'in of flour per Sela, and now only three Se'in sell for a Sela, the suppliers must honor the original price and provide four Se'in. The extra Se'ah is called "Se'ah Revi'is," and Hekdesh may sell it for a profit. According to Rebbi Chiya bar Yosef, the Mishnah refers to this as Mosar Nesachim; according to Rebbi Yochanan it is called Mosar Peiros.
b)[line 23]לבִּירוּצִיןBIRUTZIN- Those who supplied the wine, oil and flour used in the Nesachim would give heaping measures of these supplies to the treasurers of Hekdesh, whereas Hekdesh would sell them to those who required them for their Korbanos using a measure which was leveled off. The difference is known as Birutzin, and the Mishnah refers to it as Mosar ha'Nesachim.
16)[line 24]מה דְּנָפַלMAH D'NAFAL- what is applicable
17)[line 27]לפיכך, זה וזה לא...L'FICHACH, ''ZEH V'ZEH LO...''- therefore, we understand why "neither opinion..." - What follows is a quote from the end of our Mishnah.
18)[line 28]עמדו מג' יספק מד'AMDU MI'SHALOSH, YESAPEK ME'ARBA- see above, entry #15a.
19)[line 30]לא היו מודים בפירות בקיץ למזבח, אבל מודין היו בכלי שרתLO HAYU MODIM B'FEIROS B'KAYITZ LA'MIZBE'ACH, AVAL MODIN HAYU BI'CHLEI SHARES- The Gemara answers that according to Rebbi Yochanan, the Mishnah is saying that though Rebbi Akiva and Rebbi Chananyah Segan ha'Kohanim agree with Rebbi Yishmael that Hekdesh profits from the Se'ah Revi'is, they disagree with him regarding what use these profits are put to. Rebbi Akiva and Rebbi Chananyah assert that they go toward the purchase of Klei Shares, as opposed to the funding of Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach.
20)[line 30]קַיִץ למזבחKAYITZ LA'MIZBE'ACH- see Background to 10:41.
21)[line 31]עד כְּדוֹן (עד כאן, הניחא)AD K'DON- thus far [we understand]
22)[line 31]ואפילו בירוצי יחיד?VA'AFILU BIRUTZEI YACHID?- and is even the heaping overflow of private Nesachim [included in this Halachah]?
23)[line 35]ואפילו בירוצי יבשVA'AFILU BIRUTZEI YAVESH?- (a) and does even the heaping overflow of dry goods used in Nesachim go toward the purchase of Korbanos for Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach, even though it is not Kadosh? The Halachah is that when Klei Shares are overfilled with a liquid, that added bit that rises above the lip of the Kli is Kadosh. However, when they are overfilled with a solid, any part that is heaped above the utensil is not Kadosh (Mishnah, Menachos 90a). The Gemara proves from the following Beraisa that it does go toward the purchase of Korbanos for Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach. Even though it is not Kadosh, the overflow still belongs to Hekdesh (TIKLIN CHADTIN, based upon the Girsa of the VILNA GA'ON); (b) and does even the heaping overflow of dry goods used in Nesachim become Kadosh? The Gemara proves from the following Beraisa that it does not (KORBAN HA'DEH, based upon the Girsa found in our printing).
24)[line 38]בלינהLINAH
Linah — literally resting overnight — is the term used to describe part of a Korban meant to be burned that was left off of the Mizbe'ach through the entire night following its slaughter. Such pieces are disqualified and may no longer be placed on the Mizbe'ach. This is derived from the Pasuk which states, "v'Lo Yalin Chelev Chagi Ad Boker" — "do not allow the fat of My offering to remain overnight until morning" (Shemos 23:18), and "v'Lo Yalin la'Boker Zevach Chag ha'Pasach" — "do not allow the Passover sacrifice to remain overnight until morning" (ibid. 34:25; Sefer ha'Chinuch #90).
25a)[line 38]מוֹתַר הקטורתMOSAR HA'KETORES- Every year, Hekdesh produces more Ketores than it needs, due to a) the leftovers from Yom ha'Kippurim; b) a twelve-month lunar year from one Rosh Chodesh Nisan to the next is shorter than a solar year (TIKLIN CHADTIN based on Kerisus 6a). This Mishnah describes how the leftovers of last year's Ketores can be redeemed and then re-purchased with this year's funds.
b)[line 39]הקטרתKETORES
(a)Ketores is the incense offered on the golden Mizbe'ach in the Heichal of the Beis ha'Mikdash. It was offered twice each day; in the morning when the Kohen cleaned out the lamps of the Menorah, and before evening when the Kohen lit the Menorah. It consisted of the following eleven ingredients:
1.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of TZARI ("Sraf ha'Notef me'Atzei ha'Ketaf") - sap of the balsam tree
2.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of TZIPOREN ("Shecheles") - a kind of root/annual plant. Some identify this plant with a species of rock-rose, Cistus ladaniferus, which has fingernail-like petals. Alternatively, Tziporen may be onycha, a type of flower.
3.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of CHELBENAH - (a) galbanum; a yellow-brown gum resin obtained from a plant in Persia; (b) According to some, Chelbenah is the gum of the common storax tree
4.70 Maneh (350 pounds) of LEVONAH - frankincense or oliban; a gum resin from trees of Arabia and India. The gum is yellowish and semi-transparent, with a bitter, nauseating taste. It is hard and capable of being pulverized, producing a strong aromatic odor when burned
5.16 Maneh (80 pounds) of MOR - myrrh
6.16 Maneh (80 pounds) KETZI'AH - cassia
7.16 Maneh (80 pounds) SHIBOLES NERD - spikenard
8.16 Maneh (80 pounds) KARKOM - saffron
9.12 Maneh (60 pounds) KOSHT - costus
10.3 Maneh (15 pounds) KILUFAH - cinnamon bark
11.9 Maneh (45 pounds) KINAMON - cinnamon
(b)In addition, the following ingredients were added as incinerating agents:
1.Kav (9 quarts) of BORIS KARSHINAH - vetch lye
2.3 Se'ah and 3 Kavim (21 quarts) of YEIN KAFRISIN - (a) the fermented juice of the caper-berry; (b) alt., wine made from grapes that grow in Cyprus. If Yein Kafrisin was not available the Ketores was compounded instead with CHAMAR CHIVARYAN ATIK - ancient strong white wine
3.One quarter Kav (1 cup) of MELACH SEDOMIS - Sodomite salt
4.A small amount of MA'ALEH ASHAN - probably Leptadenia Pyrotechnica, which caused the smoke to rise straight up (due to the nitric acid it contains)
(c)Rebbi Nasan ha'Bavli says that a small amount of Kipas ha'Yarden (probably cyclamen) was added as well.
26)[line 40]מפרישין (ממנה) שכר האומניןMAFRISHIN (MI'MENAH) SECHAR HA'UMANIN- we designate the wages of craftsmen [who worked on the Beis ha'Mikdash (from it)] - see Girsa Section #2
27)[line 41]ומחללין אותה על מעות האומניןU'MECHALELIN OSAH AL MA'OS HA'UMANIN- (at this point, the Gemara understands these words to mean:) and they transfer the Kedushah from the leftover Ketores onto money of Hekdesh equal to the amount owed the craftsman [so that the Ketores becomes Chulin)
28)[line 43]בזמנוBI'ZEMANO- in its proper time; i.e., before Rosh Chodesh Nisan
11b----------------------------------------11b
29)[line 3]בית גַּרְמוֹBEIS GARMO- the house of Garmo [who were experts in the art of shaping the Lechem ha'Panim, which were baked in a particularly unusual form]
30)[line 3]בית אבטינסBEIS AVTINAS- the house of Avtinas, [Kohanim who compounded the Ketores. This family guarded the identity of the Ma'aleh Ashan, the ingredient that caused the smoke of the Ketores to rise in a column; see above, entry #25]
31)[line 4]בפִּיטּוּם הקטורתPITUM HA'KETORES- the compounding of the Ketores
32)[line 5]והן שהיו חייבין להן מעות משעה ראשונהV'HEN SHE'HAYU CHAYAVIN LAHEN MA'OS MI'SHA'AH RISHONAH- [these families were paid with the leftover Ketores after it had been redeemed] only when they were owed their wages from the previous year [in which case the Ketores was redeemed with the leftover Shekalim from the previous year]
33)[line 10]מְחַלְּפָא שִׁיטְתֵיה (נתחלפא שיטתו)MECHALFA SHITESEI- his opinion has shifted
34)[line 10]תמן צריכה ליה, וכה פשיטה ליה?TAMAN TZERICHA LEI, V'CHO PESHITA LEI?- (a) there he needed [an answer], and here it was simple to him? The "Rebbi Chiya" quoted in the answer is none other than the Rebbi Chiya bar Aba who asked the question to begin with! (KORBAN HA'EDAH); (b) the Girsa of the VILNA GA'ON is תמן פשיטה ליה, וכה צריכה ליה Taman Peshita Lei, v'Cho Tzericha Lei?- regarding the heaping overflow of dry ingredients for Nesachim, it was clear to Rebbi Chiya bar Aba that they go toward the purchase of Korbanos for Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach even though they are not Kadosh (11a), and yet regarding money taken from the current year's Shekalim upon which Ketores was redeemed — which is definitely Kadosh — he questions its status? (TIKLIN CHADTIN)
35)[line 11]הא דצריכה ליה בכלֵי שרת; הא דפשיטה ליה בקיץ המזבחHA DI'TZERICHA LEI, BI'KLEI SHAREIS; HA DI'PESHTA LEI, B'KAYITZ HA'MIZBE'ACH- (a) it is clear to him that it can be put toward the purchase of Korbanos for Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach; what was unclear to him was whether or not it can be put toward the purchase of Klei Shares (KORBAN HA'EDAH); (b) the Girsa of the VILNA GA'ON is הא דפשיטה ליה בכלִי שרת, הא דצריכה ליה בחול Ha di'Peshita Lei, bi'Kli Shareis; ha di'Tzericha Lei, b'Chol - it was clear to Rebbi Chiya bar Aba that Beirutzei Yavesh, which were contained in a Kli Shares, go toward the purchase of Korbanos for Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach; his question was regarding Ketores that was compounded in a container which was Chulin (TIKLIN CHADTIN).
36)[line 12]דְּאִיתְפַּלְּגוּן (דפליגי)D'ISPALEGUN- for there is a disagreement
37)[line 13]פִּיטְמָהּ בחוליןPITMAH B'CHULIN- if he compounded the Ketores in [a container which has the status of] Chulin
38)[line 15]"קוֹדֶשׁ הוּא, [קודש יהיה לכם]""KODESH HU, [KODESH YIHYEH LACHEM]"- "it is holy; [holy it shall be for you]" (Shemos 30:32) - This verse appears in the context of the Shemen ha'Mishchah.
39)[line 16]הַוָּויָיתָהּHAVAYASAH- its creation
40)[line 20]רְאוּיִן לקרבנות ציבורRE'UYIN L'KORBENOS TZIBUR- fitting for public sacrifices [only, as opposed to both public and private sacrifices]
41)[line 21]תִּיפָּתֵרTIPASER- the Gemara answers the implied question on Rebbi Yosi Bei Rebbi Chaninah.
42)[line 24]מַכְתֶּשֶׁתMACHTESHES- the mortar [used to pound the spices while making the Ketores]
43)[line 26]נִפְדֶּה?NIFDEH?- can it be redeemed [in order to use it as wages]?
44)[line 27]קל הואKAL HU- there is a leniency
45)[line 28]הותירו תמימיםHOSIRU TEMIMIM - unblemished [lambs purchased for the Korban Tamid] were left over (KORBAN TAMID)
(a)The Korban Tamid consists of two male sheep which are less than one year old. One sheep is offered in the morning, known as the Tamid Shel Shachar, and the second — called the Tamid Shel Bein ha'Arbayim — is offered in the afternoon. One tenth of an Eifah (approx. two quarts) of flour, mixed with one quarter of a Hin (approx. one quart) of hand pressed olive oil, is offered with each sheep as a Minchah (meal offering). One quarter of a Hin of wine is offered with each sheep as a wine libation (Bamidbar 28:5).
(b)The Mishnah (Erchin 13a) teaches that there were never less than six sheep available for the Korban Tamid at any time. Since every public Korban must be purchased with the Terumas ha'Lishkah from the current year, every Rosh Chodesh Nisan there were four extra sheep which had been purchased with the previous year's Shekalim. This Machlokes concerns what should be done with them if they are unblemished and fit to be offered upon the Mizbe'ach.
46a)[line 28]נפדין כתמימיםNIFDIN KI'TEMIMIM- they should be redeemed [with money of Chulin, and then re-purchased with new Shekalim for use as Temidim in the current year] in their current unblemished state
b)[line 29]נפדין כפסולי המוקדשיןNIFDIN KI'PESULEI HA'MUKDASHIN- they should be redeemed in the manner in which Korbanos that have become invalidated are (namely, they should be allowed to graze until they develop a Mum, and only then redeemed, and the funds should go to Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach)
47)[line 30]הותירו שעיריםHOSIRU SE'IRIM (SE'IREI ROSHEI CHODASHIM)
(a)One of the additional Korbanos offered on Rosh Chodesh is a Sa'ir (male goat), offered as a Korban Chatas (Bamidbar 28:15). As with all Korbenos Chatas, it has the status of Kodshei Kodashim, and is eaten by male Kohanim on the day it is slaughtered as well as the following night.
(b)This Korban is offered even on Shabbos. When offered on Shabbos, however, the Sa'ir may not be cooked until nightfall. Kohanim who wish to eat it raw before that time may do so.
(c)In the first Mishnah in Shevuos, the Tana'im disagree as to what atonement is provided by this Korban:
1.According to Rebbi Yehudah, it atones for one who unknowingly entered the Mikdash while in a state of Tum'ah ("Tum'as Mikdash v'Kodashav"; see Background to Shevuos 2:2) who never discovered that he had sinned in such a manner.
2.According to Rebbi Shimon, it atones for a Tahor who consumed Kodshim Temei'im (see Background to Shevuos 2:14).
3.According to Rebbi Meir, it atones for three sins: one who unknowingly entered the Mikdash while in a state of Tum'ah who never discovered that he had sinned in such a manner, one who unknowingly entered the Mikdash while in a state of Tum'ah who subsequently discovered that he had done so, and a Tahor who consumed Kodshim Temei'im.
(d)Our Sugya concerns a goat which had been designated for a Chatas on Rosh Chodesh Adar, and was then lost, and found only in Nisan.
48)[line 31]אם עולה נפדית...IM OLAH NIFDEIS...- if a [Tamid, which is a] Korban Olah, may be redeemed [for re-use, even though the other option — Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach — is also a Korban Olah] ...
49)[line 32]יִרְעוּYIR'U- let them graze [until they develop a Mum, and then redeem them and use that money toward the purchase of Korbanos for Kayitz ha'Mizbe'ach]
50)[line 33]בהןBAHEN- with [the animals] themselves
51)[line 34]שַׁנְיָיא היא (הכא שאני)SHANYA HI- it is different
52)[line 34]שאין קרבנות ציבור נִקְבָּעִיןSHE'EIN KORBENOS TZIBUR NIKBA'IN- for [the status of] public sacrifices is not [finally] designated
53)[line 35]תְּנַאי בית דין הואTENAI BEIS DIN HU- it is an [automatic] stipulation made by Beis Din [at the time that every public sacrifice is designated as Kadosh]