Citation (Sifri) Question: "Aser Ta'aser Es Kol Tevu'os Zar'echa ha'Yotzei ha'Sadeh Shanah Shanah" obligates tithing only grain that you planted;

1. Citation (cont.): What is the source to include Ribis, business and other earnings? We learn from "Es Kol."

Explanation: The Torah could have said 'Es Tevu'ascha.' "Kol" includes Ribis, business and everything that he profits from.

Support: It says so also in a Midrash. "Ha'Yotzei ha'Sadeh Shanah Shanah" - if you will not tithe your field properly, you will have only what comes out of the field;

Explanation: I.e. your field will produce only what used to be the amount of Ma'aseros. This is "what comes out of the field", i.e. what you used to take for Ma'aser from the field.

Citation (cont.): A case occurred with a rich man. He had a field that produced 1000 Kor. The man used to take 100 Kor every year for Ma'aser.

Citation (cont.): He did so his entire life. When he fell sick to die, he called to his son "know that this field that I bequeath to you produces 1000 Kor every year. Be careful to separate 100 Kor every year [for Ma'aser], like I did." The man died.

Citation (cont.): The son stood in his place, and the field produced 1000 Kor like it died in his father's lifetime. He (the son) separated 100 Kor.

Citation (cont.): The next year, the son saw that the Ma'aser was a large amount, and he said that he will not separate it. The next year, the field diminished and produced only 100 Kor. He was pained.

Citation (cont.): His relatives heard that it decreased, and that he had not separated Ma'aser. They all came to him wearing white clothes, happy. He said "it seems that you rejoice over my downfall!"

Citation (cont.) His relatives: Should we be pained for you? You caused this evil to yourself! Why didn't you separate Ma'aser properly?

Citation (cont.): See, when the field first came to you, you were the owner, and Hash-m was the Kohen. The Ma'aser was His portion, to give to Aniyim;

Citation (cont.): Now that you did not separate His portion for Him, Hash-m became the owner, and you are the Kohen. Your field does not produce what it used to, i.e. 1000. [Hash-m] separated for you 100!

Citation (cont.): This is like it says "v'Ish Es Kodoshav Lo Yihyu."

Explanation: When he does not separate properly, he will have only-the Kodshim, i.e. the Ma'aser.

Citation (cont.): Regarding this Chachamim said "one who withholds Ma'aseros, in the end he will have only one tenth, like it says "v'Zera Chomer Ya'aseh Eifah";

This is Ma'aser (a tenth), for an Eifah is three Sa'im, and a Chomer is 30 Sa'im.

Citation (cont.): It also says "Ki Aseres Tzimdei Cherem Ya'asu Bas Echas."

Explanation #2: (Rabbeinu Nasan ha'Ofni'al): "Ha'Yotzei ha'Sadeh" means if not, that you will not separate the tenth, the produce will be to the one who goes out to the field, i.e. Esav ha'Rasha, i.e. Nochrim will take it.

Explanation: If rain was needed only for one herb, it will fall on it, and it will not fall on the rest of the field.

Explanation: This is thin rain. The Siman is a sifter. First the waste comes out, and afterwards the fine flour;

Explanation: They did not do like we do nowadays. They used to crush the wheat in a mortar, until all the bran peeled off the wheat, and sift it over a sifter;

The waste, i.e. the bran came out first, and afterwards the fine flour.

Explanation: This is excrement of goats. Initially it is big (comes out in big pieces), and when it ceases, it spews fine excrement.

Explanation: This is like R. Yehoshua, who said that the entire world drinks Mayim Elyonim;

It cannot be like R. Eliezer, for he said that the entire world drinks from the ocean.