1)

(a)Rav Shimi quotes Rava as saying that, according to the Chachamim in the previous Beraisa, it is the last Par or Sa'ir that is sent out to be burned. According to Rav Papi quoting Rava, it is the first.

(b)We establish Rav Papi Amar Rava like Rebbi Yosi.

(c)Rebbi Yosi says in a Mishnah in Shekalim that the three boxes with which they emptied the Terumas ha'Lishkah were marked 'Aleph', 'Beis', 'Gimel' - is because 'Mitzvah ba'Rishon'.

(d)We refute that as being Rav Papi Amar Rava's source - because in that case, at the time when the first box became ready for use, the second one was still empty; whereas in the case of the two goats, even the first goat was not fit to be brought before all the Matnos Damim had been completed. Consequently, both goats became fit to be brought simultaneously, and who says that even in such a case, Rebbi Yosi will hold 'Mitzvah ba'Rishon?!

2)

(a)Rebbi Yosi says in Pesachim that, if someone's Pesach got lost, re-placed and then found (but before the second lamb was brought), he should bring the original one, and the other one becomes a Shelamim), because 'Mitzvah ba'Rishon'.

(b)According to the Chachamim of Rebbi Yosi, he may bring whichever of the two he pleases.

3)

(a)The two goats had to be purchased simultaneously. In addition, they had to be similar in color, height and value.

(b)All this was not crucial to their validity.

(c)If one of the goats died ...

1. ... before the lots had been drawn - they would simply purchase a second goat.

2. ... after the lots had already been drawn - they would purchase another pair, on which the lots would then be drawn.

4)

(a)In the latter case, before drawing the second lots, the Kohen Gadol would say (if it was the shel Shem that died) 'The lot that came up for Hash-m should re-place the one that died; and if it was the Sa'ir la'Azazel that died, he would say correspondingly.

(b)The first goat that remained alive - was sent to graze.

(c)The reason that it did not have to die (even if it was la'Hashem) - is because it was a Chatas Tzibur, and we have already learned that 'Ein Chatas Tzibur Meisah'.

(d)A Chatas Tzibur does not die - because the Halachah l'Moshe mi'Sinai that 'Chamesh Chata'os Meisos' was only said by a Chatas Yachid.

5)

(a)Rebbi Yehudah holds 'Tamus' - despite the fact that it is a Chatas Tzibur.

(b)According to Rebbi Yehudah ...

1. ... if the blood spilled - the Mishtale'ach must die (which means that they must bring two goats and start all over again).

2. ... if the Sa'ir ha'Mishtale'ach died - the blood must be poured out.

6)

(a)We learn from the Pasuk "Yikach Shnei Se'irei Izim" - that the two goats should be similar (because we already know from the word "Se'irei" - that the Kohen Gadol must take two goats). On the other hand, we learn from the two extra times that the Torah writes "ha'Sa'ir" - that this is not crucial (see Rabeinu Chananel).

(b)"Chukah" does not apply here - because "Chukah" pertains only to the Avodah, and not to acts that preceded the Avodah (such as purchasing the animals).

(c)If not for the extra "Sa'ir", from which we learned that the above Din is not crucial, we would have thought that it is - from one or more of the extra "Shnei" that the Torah inserts.

(d)We now learn from the fact that the Torah writes "Shnei" three times - the three areas in which the two goats should be similar.

7)

(a)The Torah writes, with regard to the Kivsei Metzora "Yikach Shnei Kevasim". The word "Shnei" is redundant - because "Kevasim" automatically implies two (since 'Mi'ut Rabim Shenayim'). We learn from it (like we learned from the "Shnei" written by the Par and the Sa'ir) that they should be equal.

(b)We learn from the fact that the Torah subsequently writes the word "ha'Keves" twice - that this is not crucial.

(c)We learn from the word "Tihyeh" - that the other Halachos of the Taharas Metzora are crucial.

(d)The third case - of "Shtei Tziporim" and "Tzipor" "Tzipor" (which follows exactly the same pattern as the previous one) - speaks about the initial purification process of a Metzora (whereas the previous case refers to the continuation of that process on the eighth day). There too, if not for "Tzipor" "Tzipor", we would have thought that the similarity of the two birds is crucial - due to the word "Tihyeh".

8)

(a)The two lambs of the Korban Tamid do not need to be similar - since there is no Pasuk to teach us that they should.

(b)We learn from the Pasuk "Shenayim la'Yom" - that the Tamid shel Shachar should be Shechted north-*west* of the Mizbe'ach, and the Tamid shel Bein ha'Arbayim north-*east* (both in a position - bearing in mind that the walls of the Beis Hamikdash were extremely tall - where they would be in the sun).

(c)The morning Tamid was Shechted by the second row of the north-western side of the Mizbe'ach, and the afternoon Tamid by the second row of the north-eastern side - so as to enable the Kohen who was Shechting the animal to use the first ring to catch its, feet to prevent it from turning over during the Shechitah.

(d)We learn from the Pasuk by the Korban Musaf (also in Pinchas) "Shnei Kevasim" - that the two lambs of the Korban Musaf of Shabbos should be similar (though this too, is not crucial, because there is nothing to demonstrate that it is, and by Kodshim, a second Pasuk is required for it to be crucial, or a word that indicates that it should be).

9)

(a)) If, after having performed the Hagralah (drawing the lots), the Kohen Gadol Shechted the goats outside the Azarah, he would be ...

1. ... Chayav for the Sa'ir la'Hashem - for Shechutei Chutz, because it was fit to be brought inside the Azarah.

2. ... Patur for the Sa'ir la'Azazel - because it was not.

(b)If he Shechted them outside the Azarah before the Hagralah, he would be Chayav for both goats, according to Rav Chisda - because they were fit to be brought as the Korban Musaf of Yom Kippur.

(c)Rav Chisda explains that both goats are fit to be brought as the Chatas of Musaf, and not because they are fit to be brought as the Sa'ir la'Hashem - because they still require Hagralah ('di'Mechusar Hagralah').

(d)He nevertheless considers them fit to be brought as Musaf offerings, even though the Musaf too, is premature before the Avodos of the Par, the Sa'ir and the Ketores have been concluded - because there is no action missing vis-a-vis the animal itself (as in Mechusar Hagralah), and, in his opinion, 'Mechusar Zman' (the disadvantage of being premature) does not apply to the same day - only when it is at least one day too early (as on the seventh day of an animal's birth).

10)

(a)Rav Chisda considers the lack of Hagralah like 'Mechusar Ma'aseh'. This is not obvious - because although Hagralah is an action that is performed in connection with the animal, it is not however, performed on the actual body of the animal itself.

(b)Since Rav Chisda considers Mechusar Hagralah a Mechusar Ma'aseh (to exempt from Shechutei Chutz), he will also exempt Shelamim that one Shechted outside the Azarah before the doors of the Heichal were opened from Shechutei Chutz (since that too, is an action that pertains to the Korban, even though it is not actually performed on its body.