(Mishnah): If a healthy person's ox gored the ox of a Cheresh (deaf-mute), lunatic or child, he is liable;

If a Shor Cheresh, lunatic or Katan gored a healthy person's ox, he is exempt.

If a Shor Cheresh, lunatic or Katan gores, [Beis Din] appoints for them an Apotropos (overseer, and witnesses) testify in front of the Apotropos.

R. Meir says, when the Cheresh or lunatic becomes healthy, or the Katan grows up, the ox reverts to being Tam;

R. Yosi says, it keeps its status.

An Itztadin ox (one that is trained to gore in stadiums) is not killed - "when (an ox) will gore (...it will be stoned)'', not when others incite it to gore.

(Gemara): Our Mishnah refers to the ox of a Cheresh, lunatic or minor (not an ox that is Cheresh, lunatic or small).

Support (Mishnah): If a Shor Cheresh, lunatic or child gored, they appoint an Apotropos for them, and they testify in front of the Apotropos. (If the Mishnah discussed an ox that is Cheresh, lunatic or small, why is an Apotropos needed? Presumably, the owner is a healthy adult! We explained based on NO'AM YERUSHALMI.)

Question: [In our Mishnah, the Tana'im argue] only when it was made Mu'ad in front of the Apotropos and gave [the ox] back to the owner. If it was made Mu'ad in front of the owner, and he gave it to an Apotropos, what is the law?

Answer: We learn from the following [Tosefta]. If one borrowed [an animal] b'Chezkas (with the understanding that it is) Tam, and it was found to be Mu'ad, the owner pays half damage and the borrower pays half damage. (This shows that it is still a Mu'ad.)

Rejection (R. Elazar): It is like R. Yosi. R. Yosi says, it keeps its status [even when the Apotropos returns it to the owner. However, R. Meir says that it reverts to being Tam. Perhaps he says the same when the owner gave a Mu'ad to an Apotropos!]

Question: If it is like R. Yosi, [the borrower] should pay everything! (Payment of the second half is not due to the owner. It is fully Mu'ad in the borrower's Reshus! Granted, according to R. Meir, regarding the borrower it is Tam. Only with respect to the owner it is Mu'ad, so he pays the Mu'ad half.)

Answer: He borrowed it b'Chezkas Tam. (He never accepted to guard a Mu'ad.)

Question: If he borrowed it b'Chezkas Tam, he should not pay anything! (He never accepted to guard a gorer!)

Answer: The case is, he knew that it is a gorer.

(Beraisa): If an animal gored [a person] in front of the borrower, and he gave it to the owner before it had a final verdict [to be stoned], he is exempt. If he gave it after the final verdict, he is liable;

R. Yakov says, even after the final verdict, before it is stoned, he is exempt.