12th Cycle Dedication

ERCHIN 6-9 - Two weeks of study material have been dedicated by Mrs. Estanne Abraham Fawer to honor the twelfth Yahrzeit of her father, Rav Mordechai ben Eliezer Zvi (Rabbi Morton Weiner) Z'L, who passed away on 18 Teves 5760. May the merit of supporting and advancing Dafyomi study -- which was so important to him -- during the weeks of his Yahrzeit serve as an Iluy for his Neshamah.

1)

TOSFOS DH MEISEIVEIH BOR BI'RESHUS HA'RABIM

תוס' ד"ה מיתיבי החופר בור ברה"ר

(Summary: Tosfos clarifies on whom the Gemara is asking.)

לרבה פריך דאמר לעיל 'מלוה הכתובה בתורה לאו ככתובה בשטר דמיא' ,וכן הגיה ר"ת בספרו.

(a)

Clarification: The Gemara is querying Rabah who said earlier that a 'Milveh that is written in the Torah is not considered as if it is documented'; and that is how Rabeinu Tam corrected it in his Seifer.

ומצי נמי למפרך לרב יוסף ,דהא סבר נמי 'שיעבודא לאו דאורייתא' אלא פירש דבריו יותר.

(b)

Clarification (cont.): In fact, it could equally well have queried Rav Yosef, since he too, holds That 'Shibud is not d'Oraysa', only he (Rabah) is more explicit (See Shitah Mekubetzes 17).

2)

TOSFOS DH AMAR RAV ILA AMAR RAV K'SHE'AMAD BA'DIN

תוס' ד"ה אמר רב אילא א"ר כשעמד בדין

(Summary: Tosfos explains what prompted R av to give this answer.)

לאו משום קושיא דרבה משני רב הכי, שהרי רבה שנים רבות אחר רב היה...

(a)

Refuted Explanation: It is not on account of Rabah's Kashya that Rav gives this answer, seeing as Rabah lived many years after Rav ...

אלא משום דפרכינן ליה מיניה בפרק גט פשוט (ב"ב דף קעה:) דאמר התם ד'מלוה על פה אינו גובה מן היורשין ' -ולנפשיה משני.

1.

Authentic Explanation: But because the Gemara queries him from there in Perek Get Pashut (Bava Basra), where he says that 'One cannot claim an oral loan from the heirs' - so he is in fact, answering on his own behalf.

3)

TOSFOS DH D'YASVI DAYNI A'PUMA D'BIRA

תוס' ד"ה דיתבי דייני אפומא דבירא

(Summary: Tosfos explains why the Gemara nevertheless needs to say 'Meis ve'Kavro'.)

ומ"מ איצטריך למימר 'מת וקברו' ...

(a)

Implied Question: It is nevertheless necessary to say 'that he died and it buried him' ...

דס"ד דבעינן יבא בעל השור ויעמוד על שורו (סנהדרין דף יט.)- קמ"ל דשפיר עמד עליה.

1.

Answer: Since we would have thought that we need the owner of the ox to come and stand by his ox (Sanhedrin, Daf 19a) - so it teaches us that (since the Beis-Din was present) he did in fact, stand next to his ox.

4)

TOSFOS DH MAZIN ALAV MI'DAM CHATASO U'MI'DAM ASHAMO

תוס' ד"ה מזין עליו מדם חטאתו ומדם אשמו

(Summary: Tosfos explains why the Tana mentions specifically Chatas and Asham.)

דאין חטאת [ואשם] קריבה לאחר מיתתו, אבל עולתו קריבה.

(a)

Clarification: Since a Chatas and an Asham will not be brought after his death, whereas the Olah will (See Avodah Berurah).

5)

TOSFOS DH YASHVAH AL HA'MASHBER ETC.

תוס' ד"ה ישבה על המשבר כו'

(Summary: Tosfos disagrees with Rashi's explanation.)

פרש"י קודם שנגמר דינה...

(a)

Refuted Explanation: Before her Din has been concluded (Rashi).

וליתא -דא'יוצא ליהרג' קאי ,וכל 'היוצא ליהרג' לאחר גמר דין...

(b)

Refutation: This is not correct however, seeing as it refers to 'Yotzei Lehareg', and every 'Yotzei Lehareg' is after the Din has been concluded ...

כדמשמע בכל הנהו דמדכר לעיל במתני' בשמעתין.

(c)

Source: As is implied in all the cases cites above in the cases connected with our Mishnah.

וכן משמע בפ' כל הגט (גיטין דף כח:) דמדבר ב'יוצא לידון ויוצא ליהרג' .

(d)

Proof: And so it is implied in Perek Kol ha'Get (Gitin, Daf 28b) which speaks about 'Going out to be judged' and 'Going out to be killed'.

והיינו טעמא דרישא ד'אין ממתינין- ' משום עינוי הדין (כלל)...

(e)

Explanation #2: And the reason that 'Ein Mamtinim' in our Mishnah is - because of Inuy ha'Din (the prohibition of delaying carrying out the sentence [See Note at side]) ...

כדמשמע פרק אחד דיני ממונות (סנהדרין דף לה.) דליכא עינוי הדין אלא לאחר גמר דין ...

1.

Proof: As is implied in Perek Echad Dinei Mamonos (Sanhedrin, Daf 35a) - that 'Inuy ha'Din' only applies after the G'mar-Din ...

מדקאמר 'היכי ליעביד? לדייניה במעלי שבתא ולגמר דיניה בשבתא וליקטליה בחד בשבתא? נמצא אתה מענה את דינו ...

2.

Proof (cont.): When it says 'What should we do? Should we judge him on Erev Shabbos, conclude the judgment on Shabbos and execute him on Sunday? That would be entail delaying his Din ...

ליגמר דיניה בחד בשבתא, קא מנשו לטעמייהו' - ולעינוי לא חיישינן.

3.

Proof (concl.): Should we conclude his Din on Sunday, they will forget their reasoning' - But we are not worried about Inuy ha'Din!

7b----------------------------------------7b

6)

TOSFOS DH PACHOS MI'SELA V'HE'ESHIR

תוס' ד"ה פחות מסלע והעשיר

(Summary: Tosfos comments on 'Pachos mi'Sela'.)

לאו דווקא פחות מסלע, אלא אפי' נתן כל הערך חוץ מסלע אחד מגלגלין עליו את הכל.

(a)

Clarification: Pachos mi'Sela is La'av Davka, because even if he gave the entire Erech except for one Sela, he is subsequently obligated to pay the full amount (See Shitah Mekubetzes).

7)

TOSFOS DH HA'HU YAD HA'NODER V'LO YAD HA'NIDAR

תוס' ד"ה ההוא יד הנודר ולא יד הנידר

(Summary: Tosfos explains why this D'rashah is necessary.)

ואם תאמר, מה לי לרבויי נידר דאיצטריך קרא למעוטי?

(a)

Question: Why would we think to include Nidar, that makes it necessary to preclude him?

וי"ל, כיון דכתיב קרא (חמשים) (ויקרא כז) "וכל ערכך יהיה בשקל הקדש" ,דלא יהא ערך פחות משקל, ואשכחן ערך חמשים ...

(b)

Answer: Since the Torah writes (in Vayikra 27) "ve'Chol Erk'cha Yih'yeh be'Shekel ha'Kodesh", implying that the Erech should not be less than a Shekel, and we also find an Erech of fifty Shekalim ...

ס"ד דהאי טעמא משום השג יד ידעינן מסברא, ואזלינן בתר הנידר ...

1.

Answer (cont): We would have concluded that Heseg Yad is a S'vara, and we therefore go after the Nidar (See Avodah Berurah) ...

קמ"ל קרא ד"אשר תשיג יד הנודר" דלא אזלינן בתר הנידר.

2.

Answer (concl): Therefore the Pasuk "asher Tasig Yad ha'Noder" teaches us that we do not go after the Nidar.

8)

TOSFOS DH B'IDNA D'YAHIV L'RISHON LEIS LEIH

תוס' ד"ה בעידנא דיהיב לראשון לית ליה

(Summary: Tosfos reconciles this with the Sugya later in Perek Heseg Yad.)

תימה, דבעידנא דנדר לראשון, היה לו ה' סלעים, ואיך מפטר כשנתן להם אחת? ...

(a)

Question: Seeing as at the time that he made the first Neder, he had five Sela'im, how can he become Patur by giving one Sela? ...

התנן פרק השג יד (לקמן דף יז:) 'היה עשיר פי' בשעת הנדר והעני כשבא לפרוע לכהן, או עני כשנדר ולא נתן כלום והעשיר -נותן ערך עשיר . '

1.

Source: Since the Mishnah in Perek Heseg Yad (later on Daf 17b) states 'If he was an Ashir (at the time of the Neder) and he was poor when he came to the Kohen to pay, or if he was poor when he made the Neder, did not pay anything and became rich - he gives the Erech of a rich man' .

ואומר רבינו, דהך דלקמן דוקא שהעריכו הכהן בעודו עשיר ולכך כשהעני שוב נותן ערך עשיר...

(b)

Answer: Citing Rabeinu, Tosfos explains that the Mishnah later is speaking specifically where the Kohen assessed him whilst he was still an Ashir, which is why, when he became an Ani, he still had to pay the Erech of an Ashir ...

אבל אם נדר כשהוא עשיר ולא הוערך והעני, נותן ערך עני...

1.

Answer (cont.): But if he made the Neder when he was an Ashir, and he became poor before having been assessed, he gives the Erech of an Ani ...

ובשמעתין הכי הוא נתן ד' לשניה שהכהן העריכו תחילה על השניה...

(c)

Our Sugya: Here too, it speaks where he gave the four Sela'im for the second Neder, for which the Kohen assessed him first ...

וחזר והעריכו על הראשון ונתן על פיו אחד על הראשון...

1.

Our Sugya (cont.): He then assessed him for the first Neder, for which the Noder paid him one Sela, which explains why he Patur from it - since he was not assessed on it whilst he still had the five Sela'im

ולכך נפטר ממנה, דלא הוערך עליה בעוד שהיו בידו החמש סלעים.

2.

Our Sugya (cont.): And he is Patur from it - because he was not assessed on it whilst he still had the five Sela'im.

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