(Above, we expounded Yamim, and not nights. We similarly expound Yamimah to exclude Shabbos and Yom Tov.) Some want to expound from "v'Hayu Lecha l'Os'' - one who needs a sign. This excludes Shabbos and Yom Tov, which are themselves an Os.

Question: Is it not already written "mi'Yamim Yamimah'' [to exclude night, Shabbos and Yom Tov]?

Answer: This is like R. Yochanan said, that anything that is not clear (an explicit Drashah, rather, a mere Asmachta), we support it from several places.

Question: What is the source that women [are exempt from Tefilin]?

Answer: "V'Limadtem Osam Es Beneichem'', and not your daughters [exempts women from Talmud Torah]. One who is obligated in Torah is obligated in Tefilin (this verse is written right after the Mitzvah of Tefilin). Women, who are not obligated in Torah, are not obligated in Tefilin.

Question: Michal bas Sha'ul used to wear Tefilin. Yonah's wife used to ascend [and bring Korbanos in the Mikdash] on the festival, and Chachamim did not protest!

Answer (R. Chizkiyah citing R. Avahu): Yonah's wife was returned (Chachamim told her not to ascend), and Chachamim protested against Michal.

Assumption: This is not clear [from the Torah that Shabbos is not Zman Tefilin. Rather, it is only mid'Rabanan] according to Chachamim. It is clear (mid'Oraisa, Shabbos is not Zman Tefilin mid'Oraisa) according to R. Gamliel.

Rebuttal (R. Yirmeyah citing Shmuel): [All agree that Shabbos is Zman Tefilin mid'Oraisa. R. Gamliel permits two pairs at a time, because] until the height of the head (is a Kosher place for Tefilin). How many [Tefilin can this place] contain? It is two.

Question: If so, even during the week [one should be allowed to wear two Tefilin at once]!

Answer (R. Chagai): If one wants to, he may put [on two Tefilin at once]!

(R. Zerika): Rav Hamnuna explained to me - until the place where a baby's skull is soft [is Kosher for Tefilin].

(Mishnah): [R. Yehudah ben Bava testified] about a chicken that was stoned in Yerushalayim because it killed a person;

It saw the skull of a child that was soft, and went and punctured it.

(R. Yosi): In our Mishnah, [R. Gamliel permits] only two [pairs at a time, so it is evident that he does not wear them l'Shem Mitzvah].

(R. Yosi bei R. Bun citing R. Acha): [He permits] even two [pairs] at a time.

We wanted to say that according to Rabanan, it is not clear (there is no Torah Mitzvah to save Tefilin). According to R. Gamliel, it is clear. (Therefore they permit two pairs at a time.)

Question: [If so,] he should bring them in his hand! (We explained this like R. MEIR SIMCHAH.)

Answer: It is better to bring them in the way of wearing, and not in the way of carrying.

Remark: [Similarly, he says to bring them two at a time, for] it is better to override Shabbos once, and not twice.

(Beraisa): The same applies to a man and a woman.

Question: We wanted to say that for the one who says that it is clear (the Torah Mitzvah to save Tefilin), this is fine. The one who says that it is not clear - [since a woman has no Mitzvah to wear Tefilin, surely she is permitted due to saving]. Must we say that [the Mitzvah to save Tefilin] is not clear for a man, but it is clear for a woman?! (We explained this like RADAL.)

Answer (R. Lazar): Who taught [equality of a man and] a woman? It is R. Gamliel;

(Beraisa): Tavi, R. Gamliel's [Kena'ani] slave, used to wear Tefilin, and Chachamim did not protest against him. A slave and a woman are the same.

(Mishnah): This refers to old Tefilin. However, new Tefilin, it is permitted [to leave them there].

What is the reason? Old Tefilin were checked (they are established to be Kosher) New Tefilin were not checked.

(Beraisa): One must check Tefilin once in 12 months. Rebbi says so;

R. Shimon ben Gamliel says, they need not be checked.

Hillel ha'Zaken says, these Tefilin are from my mother's father. (They were established to be Kosher, so I did not need to check them.)

If one finds two or three bundles of Tefilin, he checks the first pair from the first bundle, and similarly in the second and in the third.

Question (Yitzchak ben Elazar): Does one pair make a Chazakah for all [in its bundle? Or, does each [bundle] need [to check three pairs from it] to make a Chazakah by itself?

If you will say that one Chazakah is for all of them, he checks the first pair from the first bundle, [and similarly in the second and third bundles]. If you will say that each needs a Chazakah by itself, he checks three pairs from every bundle.

(Mishnah): If it is dangerous, one covers them and goes away.

[If one found a Sefer in the field,] if it was a time of rain, he covers himself with the hide (i.e. the parchment), and covers it (wraps it around himself repeatedly, and goes to a guarded place - PNEI MOSHE).

(R. Avahu citing R. Ba): This applies to soft [hide, which is proper to wear], but if it is hard, it is a load.

This is if the place was sloped (water will gather there and ruin the Sefer), but if the place was not sloped, no (he leaves it there).