(Mishnah): The only differences between one who is Mudar [forbidden due to a vow] from benefit from his friend (Reuven), and one who is Mudar not to eat from him, are that the former may not walk on Reuven's property or borrow vessels not used for food (which are not normally rented), whereas the latter is permitted (in a place where such Kelim are not rented).

The only difference between Nedarim and Nedavos (vows to bring Korbanos) is that if Nedarim died or were stolen, he is liable in Acharayos (he must bring a replacement). If Nedavos died, he is not liable in Acharayos.

(Gemara) Question: This implies that something used to make food is forbidden. He vowed only from food!

Answer (Reish Lakish): Our Mishnah means that the only differences between one who is Mudar Hana'ah from his friend, and one who is Mudar from him Hana'as Ma'achal (benefit that will lead to food)...

Support (Beraisa - d'Vei Rebbi): If one is Mudar Hana'as Ma'achal from his friend, he may not lend [to the Mudar] a sifter, sieve, mill or oven.

(Beraisa): However, he may lend to him cups, bowls and plates, for they do not improve the food. The food is merely put into them.

Pans and pots are forbidden. One may not grind [grain] or stomp [grapes].

Question: To harvest [grain] is a question (perhaps it is permitted, for much must be done before the Mudar can eat). To harvest grapes is a question.

Answer: What is Hana'as Ma'achal? A Beraisa teaches that he may lend to him an axe. (We explain like Yedid Nefesh);

We are thinking that this is an axe for chopping wood. (Even though it enables him to cook food, it is permitted, for more preparation is still needed. The same applies to harvesting!)

Rejection: [Perhaps it is] an axe for weeding (it does not help to prepare food at all).

(R. Avuna citing R. Yirmeyah): What is the law of Zusta (a Kli like a sieve)? Since its holes are distanced, and one can sift flour, perhaps it is like a sifter [and it is forbidden. Or, perhaps it is permitted, for it is not made for this. Yedid Nefesh - primarily, it is for protection.]

What is a Neder that they said (in our Mishnah)? It is one who says "it is Alai [to bring] an Olah." What is a Nedavah that they said? It is one who says "this is an Olah."

Question (R. Chama, the colleague of Rabanan): If one said "Harei Alai", and retracted [Toch Kedei Dibur] and said "Harei Zeh (this is)", [what is the law]?

Answer (R. Chinena): It is not reasonable to ask about that! If one said "Harei Zeh", and retracted and said "Harei Alai", [even though one cannot retract Hekdesh Toch Kedei Dibur, surely it takes effect, for] a severe Isur takes effect on a light Isur (he now accepted Achrayus);

[If one said "Harei Alai", and retracted and said "Harei Zeh", surely] a light Isur does not take effect on a severe Isur!

Note: It seems that his latter words have no effect. Why don't his words make this animal a Korban? Perhaps it is clear that he intended to make it a Nedavah only in order to exempt himself from his Neder. He never intended to be Makdish the animal if he will still have Achrayus.

Mishnah: The only difference between a Zav (a man who had emissions from his Ever) who saw two emissions and one who saw three is that the latter must bring a Korban.

The only differences between a Metzora Musgar (quarantined) and Muchlat (absolute) are tearing clothing, letting his hair grow, and [whether or not his Taharah requires] shaving and birds.

(Gemara) Opinion #1 (R. Yudah bar Pazi): [Our Mishnah] is like R. Lazar, for R. Lazar said that even for his third sighting, we check [a Zav] due to the Korban. (If there was a cause for it, he is exempt from a Korban);

However, Rabanan hold that [there is another difference -] if his second [sighting] was b'Ones (there was a cause for it), he is Tahor [from Tum'as Zav. He is only like a Ba'al Keri]. If his third was b'Ones, he is [fully] Tamei [even for Korban].

Objection (R. Yosah): If it is not like Rabanan, it is not even like R. Lazar!

(Beraisa - R. Lazar): I did not say that [we check even his third sighting] regarding Stirah. (A Zav must count seven clean days before he can become Tahor. Zov is Soser (cancels), and he must begin counting again from the beginning. Keri cancels only the day he sees it, but afterwards he resumes his count. Even if his third sighting was b'Ones, it is Soser like Zov.) I said only that [we check] so he will not bring a Korban.

Since [R. Lazar] did not say for Stirah, rather, only so he will not bring a Korban, this shows that [we must say that the Tana omitted cases]. It is like everyone!

If you will say that it is like R. Lazar (without any omission), it should teach that the second [sighting, if b'Ones,] does not [join] for Stirah or Korban, and the third [even b'Ones joins] for Stirah, and [if it was not b'Ones even] for Korban!

According to R. Lazar, if one saw twice without Ones, and once b'Ones, it cancels, and he does not bring a Korban.

Opinion #2 (R. Yudan): Our Mishnah discusses two people (one of whom saw twice, and one of whom saw three times. It does not discuss the difference between the second and third sightings.)

Support (R. Chanina): [The Seifa of] our Mishnah teaches "the only differences between a Metzora Musgar and Muchlat are tearing clothing, letting his hair grow, and [for his Taharah] shaving and birds." This shows that it discusses two people;

If it discussed one person, it should teach "the only difference between a big Baheres (i.e. a Nega that spread, i.e. a Muchlat) and a small Baheres (Musgar)"!

Just like there it discusses one person, also here (the Reisha) discusses two people].

Implied question: If Parchah (Tzara'as spread to his entire body) amidst Hesger (he becomes Tahor. Does he need birds, like Taharas Muchlat)?

Answer #1 (R. Yochanan): He needs birds.

Answer #2 (R. Lazar): He does not need birds.

Support #1 (for R. Yochanan - R. Ba bar Mamal - Beraisa): "Min ha'Tzaru'a" includes Parchah to his entire [body amidst Hechlet]. He needs birds;

Question: (Why do you need a verse?) A Kal v'Chomer should teach this! If [a Muchlat] who became Tahor [normally], and he has no Tamei Simanim with him, he needs birds - one who became Tahor (through Parchah), and his Tamei Simanim are with him, all the more so he needs birds! (We explain the Sugya like Pnei Moshe until and including the answer to R. Yakov bar Acha's question below.)

Answer: One whose Tzara'as persisted for two weeks is Yochi'ach (disproves this! He becomes Tahor, and) his Tamei Simanim are with him, and he does not need birds;

You should not be astounded at one that Parchah to his entire [body]. Even though he became Tahor and his Tamei Simanim are with him, he does not need birds!

[Therefore, we need] "Min ha'Tzaru'a" to include Parchah to his entire [body], that he needs birds.

Summation [of support]: If you will say that Tahor (through Parchah) amidst Hesger does not need birds, the Tana [who asked why a verse is needed] should have challenged the Kal v'Chomer [differently]! Is it not better to prove from Prichah [amidst Hesger] to Prichah [amidst Hechlet], and not from persistence [for two weeks] to Prichah?!

Support #2 (for R. Yochanan - R. Chananyah, the colleague of Rabanan): A Beraisa supports R. Yochanan;

A Tana challenges his colleague [who asked above why a verse is needed] "no (you cannot learn from persistence to Prichah). If you will say that this (persistence), which does not make him Muchlat [does not need birds], will you about this (Prichah), which makes him Muchlat (if after the Kohen was Metaher due to persistence or the Nega going away, it it spread to the entire body)?! Since it makes him Muchlat, he needs birds! (This connotes that even Taharas Musgar through Prichah requires birds, for this Tana says that it is unlike Taharah through persistence, which applies only to a Musgar.)

Question (R. Yakov bar Acha): The Seifa of our Mishnah supports R. Lazar! One who is Tahor amidst Hesger is exempt from tearing clothing, letting his hair grow, shaving and birds.

Answer: Do we discuss Prichah?! (The Mishnah does not discuss Prichah. It does not support R. Lazar.)

(R. Shmuel bar Avodama): They argue about to bring birds, but to bring a Korban, all agree that he does not bring a Korban.

Support (Beraisa): On the seventh day he shaves, and on the eighth day he brings - one who needs to shave, he must bring a Korban. One who need not shave, he does not bring a Korban. (Only one who was Muchlat must shave.)

(R. Chama bar Ukva citing R. Yosi bar Chaninah): "Kol Yemei Asher ha'Nega Bo Yitma" refers to one whose Tum'ah depends on his Nega (a Muchlat). This excludes one whose Tum'ah depends on counting days (a Musgar. This is our Mishnah's source to exempt a Musgar from tearing clothing and letting his hair grow.)

Question: This teaches about tearing clothing and letting his hair grow. What is the source [to exempt from] shaving and birds?

Answer (R. Lazar of the south citing R. Shamai): "Zos Tihyeh Toras ha'Metzora b'Yom" refers to one who is becomes Tamei and becomes Tahor in one day (a Muchlat). It excludes [a Musgar], who does not becomes Tamei and become Tahor in one day (even after the Nega ceases, he is Tum'ah until seven days finish).