[20a - 51 lines; 20b - 55 lines]
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We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara and Rashi.
[1] Rashi 20a DH O b'Yabeshta ד"ה או ביבשתא:
The words "Kelipos ha'Kotzrim קליפות הקוצרים
should be "Kelipos ha'Afatzim" קליפות העפצים (gallnuts) (RASHASH)
[2] Rashi 20a DH Deiheh mi'Ken Tahor k'Shachor ד"ה דיהה מכן טהור:
This is a continuation of the previous Dibur
[3] Gemara 20b [line 16]:
The words "l'Asra d'Rebbi Yehudah" לאתרא דרבי יהודה
should be "l'Asra d'Rav Yehudah" לאתרא דרב יהודה
[4] Gemara 20b [line 50]:
The words "Amar Ein Lo la'Dayan" אמר אין לא לדיין
should be "Yomar Ein Lo la'Dayan" יאמר אין לא לדיין
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1)[line 1]קילורKILOR- (O.F. enplastre - plasters) ointment for the eyes, spread on bandages
2)[line 1]שרף שקמהSRAF SHIKMAH- sap of the sycomore tree (or Egyptian fig)
3)[line 3]אומנאOMANA- a professional blood-letter
4)[line 4]קרנא קמייתא לאמימרKARNA KAMAISA L'AMEIMAR- the blood from the first Karna (blood letters use a sharp glass utensil called "Karna") from Ameimar
5)[line 6]אשתניISHTENI- its color changed
6)[line 8]כחרת שאמרו דיוK'CHERES SHE'AMRU, DEYO- like the Cheres that they (the Tana'im of our Mishnah) mentioned [is referring to the color black of vitriol which is dissolved in] ink
7a)[line 10]פכחותא דדיותאPAKCHUSA D'DEYOSA- the faint part of ink, i.e. the color of the liquid part of the ink when it separates
b)[line 10]חרותא דדיותאCHARUSA DI'DEYOSA- the sediment of the ink
8)[line 11]ביבשתאB'YABESHTA- that is, if the Mishnah is discussing black like the color of dry ink, then black like wet ink will be Tahor, since it is lighter than dry ink (Bi'ur Halachah #32:3 DH Yichtevem)
9)[line 11]פלי קורטא דדיותאPALEI KURTA D'DEYOSA- split pieces of dry ink
10)[line 12]קירKIR- (a) black wax (RASHI, 1st explanation); (b) a species of black grass (RASHI, 2nd explanation)
11)[line 14]לבושא סיואהLEVUSHA SIVA'A- a garment from Siva, where they make black garments
12)[line 15]מרטו מיניה פורתא פורתא, יהבו ביה ארבע מאה זוזיMARTU MINEI PURTA PURTA, YAHAVU BEI ARBA ME'AH ZUZEI- they each plucked a little bit of the garment [to take home as a sample], and ended up having to pay 400 Zuz. (That is, one who disrobes another person in a public place must pay him 400 Zuz for disgracing him publicly, Bava Kama 90a; Berachos 20b. Since the students stripped off so much of the man's cloak, they were fined 400 Zuz for embarrassing him publicly. -M. KORNFELD)
13)[line 17]האולייריןHA'OLYARIN- the keepers of clothes at a bathhouse
14)[line 21]גלימאGELIMA- a cloak [of the Olyarin, which is red]
15)[line 21]פתוראPESORA- wraps, bath sheets or tablecloths [of the Olyarin, which are black]
16)[line 30]דיהה דדיההDEIHEH D'DEIHEH- very faded
17a)[line 33]אדיהו ליה ודכיADIHU LEI, V'DACHI- they showed him a fainter shade, and he pronounced it Tahor
b)[line 34]אעמיקו ליה ודכיA'AMIKU LEI, V'DACHI- they showed him a darker shade, and he pronounced it Tahor
18)[line 34]כמה נפיש גברא דלביה כמשמעתיה!KAMA NAFISH GAVRA D'LIBEI KI'SHEMA'ATEI!- How great is the person whose heart is fully in his teachings [and he acts accordingly]!
19)[line 37]תלתא דרי ותלתא טרפןTELASA DAREI U'TELASA TARPAN- three rows of three leaves
20)[line 38]מציעאהMETZI'A'AH- middle
21)[line 39]בגושייהוB'GUSHAIHU- when they are attached
22)[line 40]אדמה שמנהADAMAH SHEMENAH- rich earth
23)[line 41]יודפתYODFAS- a city in the lower Galil, famous for its battle against Vespasian
24)[line 42]בקעת סכניBIK'AS SACHNEI- from a valley in the lower Galil
25)[line 42]בקעת גנוסרBIK'AS GINOSAR- from the valley on the west bank of the Yam Kineres, known for its special climate and bounty of superb fruits
26)[line 47]לא לרמיה בידיה ולעכרינהוLO L'RAMYEI B'YADEI UL'ACHRINHU- one should not put [the earth and water] into his hand and make [the water] cloudy
27)[last line]קורטא דגרגשתאKURTA D'GARGISHTA- a small clod of earth
28)[last line]לייט עליהLAYIT ALEI- he cursed anyone [who would dare to emulate Rebbi Chanina with regard to his procedure of using dry earth instead of Meimei Adamah]
29)[last line]אסכרהASKERAH- choking; (O.F. bon malant) quinsy, a severe development of heat, pain, redness and swelling in the throat (RASHI Berachos 40a)
20b----------------------------------------20b
30)[line 3]לא אחזי דמאLO ECHEZEI DAMA- I should not look at [Bedikos to rule whether or not the stains are] blood [of Nidus]
31)[line 7]טבעאTIV'A- elements, properties of nature (YA'AVETZ)
32)[line 15]מרא דארעא דישראלMARA D'ERETZ YISRAEL- the Master of Eretz Yisrael, the greatest sage of his time
33)[line 20]ארחיהARCHEI- he smelled it
34)[line 20]דם חימוד הואDAM CHIMUD HU- it is blood that comes because of the woman's craving for her husband, which is (a) Tahor (RAN, see CHASAM SOFER); (b) Tamei (ROSH, RASHBA)
35)[line 22]חמדתיוCHAMADTIV- and I longed for him
36)[line 23]אפרא הורמיז, אמיה דשבור מלכאIFRA HURMIZ, IMEI DI'SHEVOR MALKA- Ormuzd, the mother of King Shapur II (the king of Persia, who ruled 309-379 CE, during the Sassanid Dynasty)
37)[line 28]כסומא בארובהK'SUMA B'ARUBAH- like a blind man finding his way down from the skylight in the roof; i.e. a lucky guess
38)[line 30]אסתייע מילתאISTAYA MILSA- he was supported by Divine help
39)[line 31]סריקותא דמקטלא כלמיSERIKUSA D'MEKATLA KALMEI- a comb that kills lice
40)[line 32]בתווני דלבא יתביתוB'SAVNEI D'LIBA YASVISU- they sit in the inner chambers of the heart; i.e. they possess all types of wisdom
41)[line 33]אמיה דיצחק בריIMEI D'YITZCHAK BERI- the mother of my son Yitzchak (it is possible that they were no longer married at the time — ARUCH L'NER)
42)[line 34]זהימאZEHIMA- filthy; offensive smelling
43)[line 35]ילתאYALTA- the wife of Rav Nachman (who was the Av Beis Din) and the daughter of the Reish Galusa
44a)[line 37]חכם שטימאCHACHAM SHE'TIMEI- a Chacham who [was asked to rule in a Halachic matter regarding Tum'ah v'Taharah and he] answered that it is Tamei
b)[line 37]אסרASAR- [a Chacham who was asked to rule in a Halachic matter regarding Isur v'Heter a nd he] answered that it is prohibited
45)[line 39]האידנא הוא דחש בעיניהHA'IDNA HU D'CHASH B'EINEI- now he has an eye pain
46)[line 47]אגמריה סמךA'GAMREI SAMICH- he relied on what he had learned (rather than what she told him)
47)[line 50]אין לו לדיין אלא מה שעיניו רואותEIN LO L'DAYAN ELA MAH SHE'EINAV RO'OS
"A judge has only that which his eyes see." A judge (or any Halachic authority) should rely only on the facts presented to him and on his own reasoning when deciding Halachic matters.
48)[line 52]מפכח הוא דקא מפכח ואזילMEFAKE'ACH HU D'KA MEFAKE'ACH V'AZIL- it is constantly fading