(Mishnah): If one swore 'I will not eat' and he ate and drank, he is liable only once (lashes if warned, a Korban if he forgot);

If he swore 'I will not eat and I will not drink' and he ate and drank, he is liable twice.

(Gemara) Question: What is the source that drinking is included in eating?

Answer #1 (R. Yonah) Question: We learn from "Al Ken Amarti li'Vnei Yisrael Kol Nefesh Mikem Lo Sochal Dam" - what do we (the verse) discuss?

Suggestion: It is congealed blood.

Rejection (Beraisa): It was taught that congealed blood is not a food, and not a drink! (Why does the Torah call this Achilah?)

Answer: Rather, we discuss [blood] like it is [normally, a liquid], and the Torah call this Achilah!

Objection: It was taught that if one melted Chelev and drank it, or congealed blood and ate it - if it has a k'Zayis, he is liable. How can R. Yonah explain this? (He needed to say that one is not liable for congealed blood!

Answer: [The Beraisa means that] it is not a food to have Tum'as Ochlim, and it is not a drink to have Tum'as Mashkim. (We cannot learn from "... Lo Sochal Dam", for perhaps it discusses congealed blood.)

Answer #2 (R. Yonah) Question: "V'Nasata ha'Kesef b'Chol Asher Te'aveh Nafshecha [ba'Bakar uv'Tzon uv'Yayin uv'Shechar... v'Achalta" - what is the case [of wine and Shechar, which is called eating]?

Suggestion: He tastes wine in a Tavshil (cooked food).

Rejection: This harms the taste! (One may not use Ma'aser Sheni for this - HA'GAON RAV C. KANIEVSKY, SHLITA, Yoma 8:3.)

Answer: Rather, the case is, [he consumed it] as it is (a liquid), and the Torah calls this eating!

Rebuttal (Rabanan of Kisarin): [Really, he tastes wine in a Tavshil] of mushrooms (this improves the taste). Anything secondary to eating is like eating.

Answer #3 (R. Yosi - Mishnah): If one swore "I will not eat", and he ate and drank, he is liable only once. (If not that drinking is included in eating, there is no need to teach this!)

Question (Talmidim, to R. Yosi): [If so,] you must say in the Seifa [of the Mishnah], if one swore "I will not eat, and I will not drink", and he ate and drank, he is liable only once! (If drinking were included in eating, the first Shevu'ah already forbids it, so the second Shevu'ah would not take effect! Our text says that he is liable twice!)

Answer (R. Yosi): If one [had two loaves in front of him, and he] said "I swear, I will not eat this loaf. I swear, I will not eat this loaf", and he ate both of them at once, is he not liable twice?! (Also here, the second Shevu'ah takes effect of the other kind of eating, i.e. drinking.)

Answer #4 (R. Chaninah citing R. Pinchas): If one swore "I will not eat", and he ate foods that are not proper to eat, or drank liquids that are not proper to drink, he is exempt.

Inference: Had he eaten food proper to eat, or drank liquids that are proper to drink, he is liable!

Limitation: This is fine according to our text of the Mishnah. We say that he swore "I will not eat." However, Rebbi says that he swore "I will not eat and I will not drink." (If so, there is no source that eating is included in drinking!)

Answer #5 (R. Ba - Mishnah): If one ate and drank [on Yom Kipur] in one Helam, he is liable only once.

Answer #6 (R. Chinena - Mishnah): "I did not eat [Ma'aser Sheni] when I was an Onen" - [will you say] but I drank?! (Rather, surely eating includes drinking.)

Question: Until now, we discuss one who swore "I will not eat" and he drank. However, if he swore "I will not drink", and he ate [what is the law]?

Answer: [He is exempt, for] drinking is included in eating, but eating is not included in drinking.

(Mishnah): If he swore 'I will not eat' and he ate wheat bread, barley bread and spelt bread, he is liable only once.

If he swore 'I will not eat wheat bread, barley bread or spelt bread', and he ate [all three], he is liable for each.

If he swore 'I will not drink' and he drank many beverages, he is liable only once;

If he swore 'I will not drink wine, oil or honey' [and he drank all three], he is liable for each.

(Gemara): If he swore 'I will not eat bread, vine leaves or reed leaves' and he wrapped [bread] in vine leaves or reed leaves, he is liable only once [for the leaves. Since the leaves are inedible, they are a Chatzitzah between the bread and his throat, so he is exempt for the bread. Even though he is liable for the leaves, for he considers them important through his Shevu'ah, they are not considered a food, and they interrupt.]

If he swore 'I will not eat bread, grape skins or grape pits", and he wrapped [bread] in grape skins or grape pits, he is liable for each. (Even though one does not eat grape skins or grape pits by themselves, since they are eaten with other things, they are not a Chatzitzah. We explained this like MISHNEH L'MELECH (Ma'achalos Asuros 14:12).

And if he was a Nazir, he is liable three times. (LEVAV DAVID, Ma'achalos Asuros 14:12 - normally, we assume that he made one Shevu'ah on grape skins and grape pits, since they are not normally eaten by themselves. For a Nazir, they are forbidden, so presumably, he swore about each by itself to make himself more zealous.)

(R. Yochanan): This is when he was Kolel (forbids Isurim together with Heter), but if he was Poret (forbade Isur by itself), SHEVUOS do not take effect on Isurim.

(Reish Lakish): Even if he was Kolel, SHEVUOS do not take effect on Isurim [unless he specified that he forbids Chetzi Shi'ur, for the Torah did not forbid this].