Mishnah 1
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Zav and a Tahor who are traveling together in a boat (see Tos. Yom-Tov) or on an Asda. What is an Asda?
(b)What do Asda, Dovros and Rafsodos have in common?
(c)What sort of boat is the Tana talking about?
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Zav and a Tahor who are traveling together in a boat (see Tos. Yom-Tov) or on an Asda - a raft.
(b)Asda, Dovros and Rafsodos - all mean raft.
(c)The Tana is talking about - a small boat.
2)
(a)On what grounds does the Tana declare Tamei the clothes of the Tahor person ...
1. ... even though their clothes do not touch each other?
2. ... in an equivalent case, but where the two people are traveling astride the back of an animal?
(b)What is the difference between the latter case and a case where a Tahor person is sitting astride an animal's back and the animal moves a piece of Meis?
(c)Under which category of Tum'ah do the above cases fall?
2)
(a)The Tana declares Tamei the clothes of the Tahor person ...
1. ... even though their clothes do not touch each other - because each man causes the boat or the raft to dip, in which case the Zav is Metamei the Tahor be'Heset (which incorporates his clothes [as will be explained at the end of the Mishnah]).
2. ... in an equivalent case, but where the two people are traveling astride the back of an animal - because there too, each of the two men causes the animal's back to dip, with the same result.
(b)The difference between the latter case and a case where a Tahor person is sitting astride an animal's back and the animal moves a piece of Meis is - that whereas here, the animal's back dips, irrespective of the strength of the animal, there, the person is only Tamei if the animal is weak, since then it is he who caused the animal's legs to buckle.
(c)All of the above fall under the category of Tum'as Heset (on which we will elaborate shortly).
3)
(a)On what condition does an earthenware vessel that is touched by an Av ha'Tum'ah not become Tamei?
(b)What does someone who is particular about Tum'ah do with an earthenware vessel if the Tum'ah enters its air-space?
(c)What do we now learn via the Gezeirah-Shavah "bo" "bo" (from the Pasuk in Tzav [in connection with a Tamei object] "u'Keli Cheres asher Tevushal bo Tishaver"), and the Pasuk in Metzora ("ve'Chol asher Yiga bo ha'Zav" [in connection with our case)?
(d)What are the connotations of the latter Pasuk? What is Tum'as Heset?
3)
(a)An earthenware vessel that is touched by an Av ha'Tum'ah does not become Tamei - if it is touched on the outside.
(b)If the Tum'ah enters its air-space of someone who is particular about Tum'ah however - it must be broken (since it is not subject to Tevilah).
(c)We now learn via the Gezeirah-Shavah "Bo" "Bo" (from the Pasuk in Tzav [in connection with a Tamei object] "u'Keli Cheres asher Tevushal bo Tishaver"), and the Pasuk in Metzora ("ve'Chol asher Yiga bo ha'Zav" [in connection with our case) that - even a Zav is only Metamei an earthenware vessel via its inside, but not by touching it on the outside.
(d)The connotations of the latter Pasuk are that - a Zav renders Tamei a K'li Cheres even on the outside in a way that affects the entire object (by moving it). This is known as Tum'as Heset.
4)
(a)How is Tum'as Heset possible without even touching the object?
(b)Is Tum'as Heset applicable to a Tahor *person*?
(c)On what condition do the Tahor's clothes become Tamei?
4)
(a)Tum'as Heset is possible without even touching the object - if it is lying say, on one end of a see-saw and one moves it by lowering (or raising) the other end of the see-saw, which will render Tamei even
(b)... a Tahor person who is sitting on the other end.
(c)The Tahor's clothes become Tamei - as long as he is wearing them at the time that the contact with the Zav takes place.
5)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about the above case if the two men are sitting on a plank, on a bench or on a mast? On what condition will the Tahor and his clothes become Tamei?
(b)The same will apply if they are straddling a Gashish shel Mitah. Besides a long piece of wood that holds together a bed that can be taken apart, what else might Gashish shel Mitah mean?
5)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if the two men are sitting on a plank, on a bench or on a mast, the Tahor man and his clothes become Tamei - provided they are not stable (but wobble or sway an account of the weight).
(b)The same will apply if they are straddling a Gashish shel Mitah, which, besides a long piece of wood that holds together a bed that can be taken apart, might also mean - long poles that one places underneath bedposts, to prevent them from coming into direct contact with the ground and becoming moldy.
6)
(a)And what will be the Din if the two men are climbing a tree or a branch? On what condition will the Tahor man and his clothes become Tamei?
(b)What is considered weak regarding ...
1. ... a tree?
2. ... a branch?
(c)What if the branch belongs to a strong tree?
(d)On what condition will the Tahor man and his clothes become Tamei if they are climbing an Egyptian ladder?
(e)What is the significance of an Egyptian ladder (see Tiferes Yisrael)?
6)
(a)The Tana also rules that if the two men are climbing a tree or a branch, the Tahor man and his clothes will become Tamei - if the tree or the branch is weak.
(b)It is considered weak regarding ...
1. ... a tree - if it is not wide enough to carve out a quarter of a Kav (24 egg-volumes = 1 Kav).
2. ... a branch - if it is sufficiently thin to hold in his clenched fist (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(c)... even if it (the branch) belongs to a strong tree.
(d)The Tahor man and his clothes - will become Tamei if they are climbing an Egyptian ladder ...
(e)... which is small, provided it is not nailed down (so that it cannot move).
7)
(a)And what does the Tana Kama finally say in a case where the two men are crossing a bridge, a beam or a door? On what condition do the Tahor person and his clothes become Tamei?
(b)What does R. Yehudah say?
(c)What is the Tana Kama's common reason for all the above rulings?
(d)Which of the two men needs to lean on which, for the Tahor to become Tamei?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
7)
(a)The Tana Kama finally rules in a case where the two men are crossing a bridge, a beam or a door that the Tahor person and his clothes become Tamei - as long as they are not cemented.
(b)R. Yehudah - declares them Tahor.
(c)The Tana Kama's common reason for all the above rulings is - because either the Zav causes the Tahor person to move or vice-versa ...
(d)... because it makes no difference as to which of the two men leans on which, for the Tahor to become Tamei.
(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 2
8)
(a)On what grounds does the Tana Kama declare Tahor a Tahor person who opens a door together with a Zav (see Tos. Yom-Tov)?
(b)What if they close it together?
(c)What do the Chachamim say?
8)
(a)The Tana Kama declares Tahor a Tamei person who opens a door together with a Zav - because it is impossible for them not to lean against each other slightly in the process, and the same will apply ...
(b)... if they close it together.
(c)The Chachamim - declare him Tahor, unless the one is trying to open the door and the other, to close it.
9)
(a)Both the Tana Kama and R. Yehudah agree that a Tahor who pulls a Tamei out of a pit is Tamei. Why is that? What degree of Tum'ah is he?
(b)The Tana Kama issues the same ruling if it is the Tamei who pulls the Tamei out (see Tiferes Yisrael). What does R. Yehudah say?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
(d)What do the Tana Kama and the Chachamim respectively, say about a Tahor and a Tamei person who are twisting ropes together?
9)
(a)Both the Tana Kama and R. Yehudah agree that a Tahor who pulls a Tamei out of a pit is Tamei (his clothes are Tamei Medras) - because bearing his weight constitutes Tum'as Medras.
(b)The Tana Kama issues the same ruling, if it is the Tamei who pulls the Tahor out (see Tiferes Yisrael). R. Yehudah - declares him Tahor.
(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
(d)The Tana Kama and the Chachamim - issue the same respective rulings in the case of a Tahor and a Tamei who are twisting ropes together as they did in the first case (Tana Kama - Tamei; Chachamim - Tahor).
10)
(a)What does the Tana Kama say about a Tahor and a Tamei who are jointly ...
1. ... weaving standing?
2. ... weaving sitting?
3. ... grinding?
(b)What is the significance of standing and sitting?
(c)What does R. Shimon say?
(d)On what condition does he concede that, in the latter case, the Tahor becomes Tamei?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
10)
(a)The Tana Kama rules that a Tahor and a Tamei who are jointly ...
1. ... weaving standing - are both Tamei, and the same will apply if they are jointly ...
2. ... weaving sitting or ...
3. ... grinding.
(b)Standing and sitting - have no Halachic significance at all, only some articles are woven one way, and others, the other way.
(c)R. Shimon rules - Tahor in all cases.
(d)He concedes however that, in the latter case, the Tahor becomes Tamei - if they are using a hand-grinder.
(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
11)
(a)If a Tahor and a Tamei are unloading a donkey together, on what condition does the Tahor become Tamei?
(b)Why is that?
11)
(a)If a Tahor and a Tamei are unloading a donkey together, the Tahor becomes Tamei - provided the load is heavy ...
(b)... in which case it is likely that the Zav leaned against the Tahor.
12)
(a)What does the Tana mean when he says that all of them are Tahor for the b'nei ha'Keneses'?
(b)Why is that?
(c)And what does he say regarding Terumah?
12)
(a)When the Tana says that all of them are Tahor for the b'nei ha'Keneses, he means that - in the previous ruling (see also Chidushei ha'G'ra), even in the case where the load is heavy, the Tahor remains Tahor even for people who eat their Chulin be'Taharah ...
(b)... because, not only is it not proper Heset, but it is also a Safek whether Heset took place (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)Regarding Terumah however - he is Tamei mi'de'Rabbanan.
Mishnah 3
13)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Tahor who sits together with a Zav in a boat. On what condition does R. Yehudah declare him Tahor?
(b)What common ruling does the Mishnah issue with regard to the same two men who sit on the Gashish of a bed, or on the mast of a ship?
13)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Tahor who sits together with a Zav in a boat. R. Yehudah declares him Tahor - provided the boat is sufficiently large that it does not move when one embarks.
(b)The Mishnah rules that if the same two men sit on the Gashish of a bed, or on the mast of a ship - the Tahor will remain Tahor provided it remains firm and does not move.
14)
(a)And on what condition is he Tahor if they both climb ...
1. ... a tree?
2. ... up Sulam Tzuri O Mitzri (a ladder that is manufactured either in Tyre or in Egypt)?
3. ... up a beam, a ramp or a door (that is detached) 'Afilu mi'Tzad Echad' (see Tos. Yom-Tov)?
(b)What does this last phrase mean?
(c)What is the significance of a Sulam Tzuri O Mitzri (See Tiferes Yisrael)?
14)
(a)He remains Tahor if they both climb ...
1. ... a strong tree ...
2. ... a ladder that is manufactured either in Tyre or in Egypt - whose top is fixed with a nail, or ...
3. ... up a beam, a ramp or a door (that is detached) - that is cemented ...
(b)... 'Afilu mi'Tzad Echad' even if they both ascend it on the same side (Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)A Sulam Tzuri O Mitzri - are larger than regular ladders (Tiferes Yisrael).
15)
(a)What distinction does the Tana draw between a Tahor who strikes a Zav and a Zav who strikes a Tahor?
(b)Why is that?
(c)What does the Tana mean when he rules in the latter case, that he is Tahor?
15)
(a)The Tana declares Tahor a Tahor who strikes a Zav - but Tamei, a Zav who strikes a Tahor ...
(b)... because he (the latter) is supported by the Tahor (he would have fallen had the Tahor moved away).
(c)When the Tana rules in the latter case that he is Tahor, he means that the former is Tahor from Tum'as Medras, but not from Tum'as Maga.
Hadran alach 'haZav ve'ha'Tahor'
