1)

(a)From "Ki Chatas hi" we learn that Chatas ha'Of requires the south-western corner, and from the Pasuk ...

1. ... "ve'Hegishah el Pnei ha'Mizbe'ach" that - the Minchah too, must be brought to the south-western corner.

2. ... "ve'es Kol Dam ha'Par Yishpoch el Y'sod ha'Mizbe'ach" that - the Shefichas Shirayim of the Chatas is poured there as well (as we learned earlier regarding the blood of the Chata'os ha'Penimiyos).

(b)We learned in our Mishnah that the Avodah of the Olas ha'Of is performed initially by the south-eastern corner. Rebbi Yochanan explains that this is - because the Kohen had to throw the innards on to the Makom ha'Deshen, which was situated on the east side of the ramp.

(c)Rebbi Yochanan commented - on the immense strength of the Kohanim, who had to throw the very light crop and intestines of the bird a distance of more than thirty Amos to the Beis-ha'Deshen (whenever they brought it to the south-western corner).

(d)Besides the crop and intestines of the Olas ha'Of and the T'rumas ha'Deshen each morning - the ashes from the Mizbe'ach ha'Penimi and from the Menorah were placed there as well.

2)

(a)The source for the previous Halachah is the Mishnah in Tamid, which discusses the T'rumas ha'Deshen. The Kohen takes the silver shovel-full of ashes each morning - from the most spent ashes in the middle of the Ma'arachah.

(b)Once he arrives at the foot of the ramp with the ashes - he turns round and walks along the east side of the ramp.

(c)He ...

1. ... walks with the ashes - ten Amos before depositing them ...

2. ... three Tefachim away from the ramp.

(d)When he brings the Olas ha'Of on the south-eastern corner, he stands on the Soveiv - but on the roof of the Mizbe'ach, when he bringsit on the south-western corner ...

(e)... since there is no small ramp leading from the central ramp to the Soveiv on that side, as we learned earlier.

3)

(a)From ...

1. ... the spot where the Kohen stands when he throws the crop ... to the eastern edge of the ramp there are - twenty-two Amos (six Amos from the Makom Hiluch ha'Kohanim to the north of the Keren until the ramp, plus the sixteen Amos of the ramp).

2. ... the edge of the Mizbe'ach to the Beis-ha'Deshen there are - also twenty-two Amos.

(b)From the point where he stands when he throws the crop, to the Beis-ha'Deshen there is a distance of - just over thirty-one Amos (if we reckon the diagonal of a square as one and two-fifth Amos per Amah of one of the sides, and bearing in mind that the Beis-ha'Deshen is half an Amah away from the ramp)...

(c)... and Rebbi Yochanan mentioned thirty Amos and not thirty-one - since he did not reckon the Amah in which the Kohen was standing.

4)

(a)We learned in our Mishnah that the Kohen never turned left for the south-western corner, except for the Nisuch ha'Yayin, the Nisuch ha'Mayim and the Olas ha'Of (when it was brought there). The reason Rebbi Yochanan gives for ...

1. ... the two Nesachim is that - the wine might become affected by the smoke of the Ma'arachah, and we learned in Menachos that smoked wine is Pasul for the Nesachim (and the Nisuch ha'Mayim was performed at the same time as the Nisuch ha'Yayin).

2. ... the Olas ha'Of is that - the bird might die from the smoke of the Ma'arachah.

(b)If the Kohen Gadol declares that he wants to sacrifice the Olas ha'Of that the other Kohen are already holding - they are obligated to relinquish their rights and hand the pieces of that Korban to the Kohen Gadol to throw on to the Ma'arachah.

(c)The Mishnah in Tamid describes how the Kohen Gadol then has to turn right and walk round the Mizbe'ach until he reaches the south-western Keren where he performs the Nisuch ha'Yayin. Initially, we interpret Nasnu lo Yayin la'Nesech to mean that - they already handed him the Nesachim before he began walking round the Mizbe'ach (despite the possibility that the smoke will affect the wine), a Kashya on Rebbi Yochanan.

5)

(a)Rebbi Yochanan replied Hakafah be'Regel by which he meant that - the Kohen Gadol was only handed the wine for the Nisuch when he arrived at the south-western corner of the Mizbe'ach; meanwhile he walked round the Mizbe'ach empty-handed.

(b)He did that - only to conform to the normal procedure (to walk round the Mizbe'ach from right to left).

(c)This problem is peculiar to the Kohen Gadol - since he is the only one to perform the double Avodah. Other Kohanim either sacrificed the Korban or performed Nisuch ha'Yayin, but not both.

(d)Rava proves Rebbi Yochanan right from the Lashon of the Mishnah Nasnu lo Yayin Lenasech - implying that they handed him the wine when he came to pour it out. Otherwise, the Tama ought to have said Omer lo Nasech! (seeing as he was already holding the wine in his hand).

6)

(a)The Beraisa reiterates what we learned in the Mishnah, listing the two 'Nisuchim' and the Olas ha'Of as the only exceptions to the rule of always going to the right. The problem with the Lashon of the Beraisa Olin Derech Ma'arav Veyordin Derech Ma'arav, Olin Derech Y'min Veyordin Derech Y'min is that the Tana ought to have said - Olin Derech S'mol Veyordin Derech S'mol.

(b)Ravina therefore amends the Beraisa - to read S'mol instead of Y'min.

(c)Rava answers that whereas S'mol refers to the left of the Kohen, Y'min refers to the right of the Mizbe'ach - because, since the south of the Mizbe'ach is the front (as we have already learned), the Kohen's left, is the Mizbe'ach's right.

(d)The problem with Rava's answer is that - the Tana is inconsistent, referring in the Reisha to the right of the Kohen, and in the Seifa to the right of the Mizbe'ach.

7)

(a)The Mishnah continues to discuss the Chatas ha'Of, whose Melikah is performed "mi'Mul Oref". "Oref" is - the back of the head opposite the face, and "Mul Oref", is the part of the neck that is below that point ...

(b)... and we learn from the Pasuk Vayikra "ve'Lo Yavdil" that - the Kohen only cuts through one of the two Simanim (pipes), but not both.

(c)After performing the Haza'ah - the Kohen performs Mitzuy, squeezing the neck on to the wall of the Mizbe'ach, for the blood to drip down to the Y'sod.

(d)The Tana states that the entire body of the bird besides the blood - is eaten by the Kohanim.

8)

(a)According to the Beraisa, the Haza'ah of a Chatas ha'Of, as opposed to the Matnos Dam of a Chatas Beheimah or of an Olas Beheimah - is sprinkled (not with the finger, like the former, nor from a bowl, like the latter, but) directly from the bird's neck towards the Mizbe'ach.

(b)The blood must be sprinkled on the wall of the Mizbe'ach - and not on the wall of the Kevesh (the ramp), the Heichal or the Ulam.

(c)Bearing in mind that the blood of a Chatas Beheimah is sprinkled above the Chut ha'Sikra, and the blood of an Olas Beheimah below it, we would have thought that the blood of a Chatas ha'Of is sprinkled above it, too - because if the blood of a Chatas Beheimah (whose Olah counterpart is sprinkled below the Chut ha'Sikra), is sprinkled above it, then the blood of a Chatas ha'Of, whose Olah counterpart is sprinkled above the Chut ha'Sikra, should certainly be sprinkled above it.

9)

(a)The Beraisa learns from the Pasuk "ve'ha'Nish'ar ba'Dam Yimatzeh el Y'sod ha'Mizbe'ach" that - the blood of the Chatas ha'Of must be sprinkled below the Chut ha'Sikra, so that it can drip down to the Y'sod.

(b)The problem if the blood was sprinkled above the Chut ha'Sikra would be that - the blood would then drip on to the Soveiv (which is situated above the Chut ha'Sikra), instead of on to the Y'sod.

(c)We ask that - perhaps "Yimatzeh" simply means that after the Haza'ah, the Kohen must perform Mitzuy too (which is in fact, the case).

(d)We answer - that the Torah ought then to have written 'Yematzeh (or 'Yamtzeh'). "Yimatzeh" (which also has connotations of being ready or available [Matzuy] teaches us that, in addition, the blood of the Haza'ah should be ready to drip down to the Y'sod.

10)

(a)To perform the Melikah, Rav Zutra bar Tuvya informs us, the Kohen holds the bird's wings - between his pinky and his index finger, and its two feet between the middle and the fore fingers ...

(b)... whilst the body of the bird is lying in the palm of his hand.

(c)Whilst performing the Melikah, he holds its neck in between his forefinger and his thumb, the back of the neck facing his thumb.

(d)According to the Beraisa (which differs from Rav Zutra bar Tuvya) the bird is lying - on the back of his hand.

11)

(a)The problem with the Beraisa's conclusion Zu hi Avodah Kashah she'be'Mikdash is that - the Kemitzah and the Chafinah are equally difficult.

(b)We therefore amend it to read - 've'Zu me'Avodos Kashos she'ba'Mikdash'.

(c)The difficult part of the Kemitzah is - the removal of the excess flour that protrudes from the sides of the half-closed fist, using his thumb and little finger.

(d)The Chafinah entails - taking the fistful of Ketores on Yom-Kipur to bring into the Kodesh Kodashim.

12)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses the Olas ha'Of - which is generally performed by the south-eastern Keren ...

(b)... whilst the Kohen is standing - on the Soveiv.

(c)What distinguishes the Melikah of the Olas ha'Of from that of the Chatas ha'Of is - the fact that whereas the Kohen only cuts through one of the two Si'manim of the latter, he cut through both of the former.

(d)Immediately following the Melikah - the Kohen squeezes (Mitzuy) first the body of the bird, then its head on the wall of the Mizbe'ach.

(e)Then, before tossing the bird's head on to the Ma'arachah - he salts it well.

13)

(a)Before preparing the bird's body for the Ma'arachah, the Kohen removes - its crop with its skin and feathers, and its intestines, which he throws on to the Beis ha'Deshen.

(b)Then, before tossing the body on to the Ma'arachah - he partially splits it into two by the wings.

(c)The Korban will be Kasher, even if he ...

1. ... splits the body completely into two.

2. ... tosses the body on to the Ma'arachah without removing the crop and the intestines.

3. ... fails to salt the bird before burning it.

(d)The common principle that governs all three rulings is that - a change in any Avodah after the Mitzuy (the Avodas ha'Dam) does not invalidate the Korban.

14)

(a)The Tana rules that

1. ... Hivdil be'Chatas, ve'Lo Hivdil be'Olah (with regard to Melikah) is - Pasul.

2. ... Mitzah Dam ha'Rosh ve'Lo Mitzah Dam ha'Guf is - Pasul.

3. ... Mitzah Dam ha'Guf ve'Lo Mitzah Dam ha'Rosh' is - Kasher.

(b)If the Kohen performs the Melikah or the Mitzuy, she'Lo li'Shemah or li'Shemah and she'Lo li'Shemah of ...

1. ... a Chatas ha'Of - the Korban is Pasul ...

2. ... an Olas ha'Of - it is Kasher (only the owner has not fulfilled his obligation [just like a Chatas Beheimah and an Olas Beheimah, respectively]).

15)

(a)If the Kohen performed the Melikah or the Mitzuy of a Chatas ha'Of with the intention of eating part of it that is normally eaten, or of an Olas ha'Of with the intention of burning part of it that is normally burned ...

1. ... Chutz li'Mekomo - they are Pasul.

2. ... Chutz li'Zemano - they are Pasul and anyone who eats them is Chayav Kareis.

(b)The Chiyuv Kareis takes effect - only on condition that the Korban is otherwise brought like its Mitzvah.

(c)This incorporates where the Kohen performed either the Melikah or the Mitzuy S'tam and the other one with a Machsheves Chutz li'Zemano, vice-versa or - where he performed both Avodos with a Machsheves Chutz li'Zemano.

(d)The three cases listed by the Tana to illustrate 'Lo Kareiv ha'Matir ke'Mitzvaso' are - where the Kohen performed either the Melikah or the Mitzuy, or both with a Machsheves she'Lo bi'Mekomo.