OLIVES FOR OIL AND GRAPES FOR WINE (Yerushalmi Terumos Perek 1 Halachah 2 Daf 5a)
îùðä àéï úåøîéï æéúéí òì äùîï åìà òðáéí òì äééï åàí úøîå áù''à úøåîú òöîï áäï åá''ä àåîøéí àéï úøåîúï úøåîä:
(Mishnah): One may not separate from olives for oil or from grapes for wine. If he did, Beis Shammai say that they contain their own Terumah (but not the Terumah of the oil or wine). Beis Hillel say that the Terumah is not valid.
âîøà úîï úðéðï àéï úåøîéï îãáø ùðâîøä îìàëúå òì ãáø ùìà ðâîøä îìàëúå åëà àú àîø äëéï
(Gemara) Question: The Mishnah (at the end of this Perek) teaches that one may not separate from something which is completed for something which is not completed (implying that if it was done, it takes effect). But here the Mishnah taught that it is not valid...?
ø' àéìà áùí ø''é îôðé âæì äùáè îäå îôðé âæì äùáè
Answer (R. Ila citing R. Yochanan): In our Mishnah, there will be a loss to the Kohanim (lit. theft from the tribe).
à''ø çððéà îôðé äèåøç.
(R. Chananya explains): R. Yochanan was concerned for the extra effort that the Kohen must make to crush the olives or the grapes.
äâò òöîê ùäéúä ùòåøä ùì àåøæ
Question: If rice was separated as Terumah in its skins (even though extra effort is needed by the Kohen to crush it in order to remove the skins, it is still valid)?
ðçú øåç äåà ìàãí ìäéåú ëåúù ëì ùäåà
Answer: A person is happy to do some crushing.
äâò òöîê ùäéúä ùéáìéí
Question: If a person separated Terumah from ears of wheat (which involves a lot of effort to process, is it valid)?
òã ëàï ÷ùé ø' çðéðà [ãó é òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] ø' îðà ìà àîø ëï àìà ùäåà îá÷ù ìúøåí ìôé ùîï åàéðå úåøí àìà ìôé æéúéí.
This was the way that R. Chanina questioned the reasoning of R. Yochanan, but R. Mana didn't understand that it was about making extra effort. Rather, the problem is that he should be separating from the olives according to the quantity of oil that is extracted from them (rather than according to the volume of the olives. As a result, he gives less Terumah than is required and is actually stealing from the Kohanim.)
äâò òöîê ùúøí ìôé äùîï
Question: But if he did separate correctly according to the oil, why wouldn't that Terumah be valid?
ëãåï òáéã ëï æîï çåøï ìà òáéã ëï åìà òåã àìà ãçáøéä çîé ìéä åàåîø æä îúëåéï ìøáåú åàðé àéðé îúëåéï ìøáåú
Answer: We are concerned that on another occasion, he might separate according to the olives. And not only that, but even if he separated olives according to the oil, an onlooker might think that he is only doing this as an extra stringency, but it isn't a requirement.
çæ÷éä àîø ìà àîøå àìà æéúéí òì ùîï åòðáéí òì äééï äà ùàø ëì äãáøéí ìà
(Chizkiyah): Beis Shammai only spoke about separating from olives for oil or from grapes for wine; but for other cases of separating from that which is exempt for that which is obligated, it isn't valid Terumah at all.
à''ø éåçðï ìà ùðééà äéà àìà æéúéí òì äùîï åòðáéí òì äééï (äà)[äéà] ùàø ëì äãáøéí.
(R. Yochanan): They don't differentiate at all between olives and grapes and other things.