[24a - 51 lines; 24b - 51 lines]
*********************GIRSA SECTION*********************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara and Rashi.
[1] Rashi 24b DH Amar Lei Rav ד"ה אמר ליה רב:
The words "Mi she'Yesh Lo" מי שיש לו
should be "u'Mi she'Yesh Lo" ומי שיש לו (RASHASH)
*******************************************************
1)[line 1]הארכובהHA'ARKUVAH- the knee
2)[line 1]נקביוNEKAVAV- his excretory organs
3)[line 3]טבורוTIBURO- his navel
4)[line 4]טרפה חיהTEREIFAH CHAYAH
(a)A Tereifah is a person who or an animal that has acquired or was born with a fatal defect that will result in his or its death within a year ("Tereifah Einah Chayah"). There are some Tana'im and Amora'im who maintain that a Tereifah can live for more than a year ("Tereifah Chayah"). The signs of the Tereifos do not have logical reasons; rather, they are Halachos l'Moshe mi'Sinai (RASHI to Chulin 42a DH Naflah; see Insights to Chulin 42a).
(b)For a further discussion of the eighteen signs of Tereifos, see Background to Chulin 42:3.
5)[line 7]ניטל ירך וחלל שלה, נבלהNITAL YERECH V'CHALAL SHELAH, NEVEILAH
Any animal from which "the thigh and its cavity" were removed has the status of a Neveilah even while it is alive. The Mefarshim explain that "the thigh and its cavity" means the entire leg, including some of the flesh at the point that it connects to the body, without leaving any stump — see also Daf 21a and Background to Chulin 21:13).
6)[line 10]גולגלתו אטומהGULGALTO ATUMAH- its skull is incomplete
7)[line 12]אפקתא דדיקלאAFKESA D'DIKLA- the trunk of the palm tree from which the branches extend
8a)[line 13]מוסמסיםMUSMASIM- [the face is] smashed
b)[line 15]טוחותTUCHOS- [the face is] covered over, featureless
9)[line 25]נפיק לקרייתאNAFIK L'KIRYASA- they went out to the villages in the farmlands [to inspect their fields] (RASHI to Beitzah 9b)
10a)[line 31]שני גביםSHNEI GABIN- two backs
b)[line 31]ושתי שדראותSHTEI SHIDRA'OS- two spines
11)[line 34]השסועהHA'SHESU'AH- an animal with two backs and two spines. The MALBIM (Vayikra 11:4) and the author of HA'KESAV VEHA'KABALAH identify this creature as the Tayasau or Pekari; a pig-like animal that inhabits present-day South America. It has four stomachs, chews its cud, and has split hooves. In the middle of its back there is a groove the depth of a finger-width, so that it appears as if the back and spine are separated into two parts. (See Insights to Chulin 60:4.)
12)[line 36]בריה בעלמאBIRYAH B'ALMA- a normal living animal
13)[line 38]במעי אמה אגמריהB'ME'EI IMAH AGMEREI- Rav rules that there is no living animal with two backs and two spines. HaSh-m taught Moshe that a malformed embryo found with these features (in a kosher mother) is Tamei
14)[line 43]שימי אתSHIMI AT- [Rav responded to Rav Shimi bar Chiya's question,] (a) "You are Shimi!" i.e. "You certainly know how to respond to that question." (said with fondness for Shimi, who was his grandson) (RASHI); (b) "Are you Shimi?" i.e. "Aren't you supposed to be wise; why are you asking such a question?" (RASHI to Menachos 29a, 110a and to Bechoros 43b)
15)[line 44]ששדרתו עקומהSHE'SHIDRASO AKUMAH- the animal to which Rebbi Chanina ben Antigonus referred has a crooked spine (the words "two backs and two spines" are not to be taken literally)
16a)[line 46]דקהDAKAH- (lit. thin, fine, tender) small domesticated farm animals (such as sheep and goats)
b)[line 46]גסהGASAH- (lit. bulky, large) large domesticated farm animals (such as cattle)
24b----------------------------------------24b
17)[line 7]גוף שאינו חתוךGUF SHE'EINO CHATUCH- a featureless rounded mass without defined limbs
18)[line 10]מי שראוי לברית שמנהMI SHE'RA'UY L'VRIS SHEMONAH- a child that has the potential to live eight days
19)[line 17]הלכתא כרב באיסוריHILCHESA K'RAV B'ISUREI- the Halachah follows the opinion of Rav in questions involving what is prohibited and what is permitted (and the opinion of Shmuel in monetary matters)
20)[line 27]דמות ליליתDEMUS LILIS- a fetus with the form of the night demon Lilith (i.e. a fetus with wings)
21)[line 28]מעשה בסימוניMA'ASEH B'SIMONI- an incident that occurred in Simoni
22)[line 31]הנהג בן אחיך ובאHANHEG BEN ACHICHA U'VO- force your nephew to come with you
23)[line 33]והלא משמך אמרה לי חמותיVA'HALO MI'SHEMECHA, AMRAH LI CHAMOSI- but my mother-in-law told me in your name (i.e. in the name of Rebbi Yehoshua, to whom she was talking)
24)[line 35]מפי הורה חנינאMI'PI HORAH CHANINA- Chanina ruled according to my teaching
25)[line 37]שפירSHEFIR- the outer skin of an embryo before any sinews, bones, or flesh form
26)[line 37]גנוניםGENUNIM- pieces of a variety of colors
27)[line 38][שפיר] מרוקם[SHEFIR] MERUKAM- the skin of a fetus that has started to take shape
28)[line 38]סנדלSANDAL- a flat, calcified abortion
29)[line 38]שליאSHILYA- commonly translated as the placenta; a more accurate description is the fetal membranes in which the fetus forms, which are attached to the placenta (RASHI to Berachos 4a; TOSFOS to Nidah 18a DH Shilya and elsewhere in the Rishonim)
30)[line 39]יין חיYAYIN CHAI- undiluted wine
31a)[line 43]סכוייןSECHUYIN- (a) black (RASHI, 1st explanation); (b) dry, without any bone marrow (RASHI, 2nd explanation)
b)[line 43]משוחיןMESHUCHIN- (lit. anointed) rich and healthy
32)[line 45]קוליתKULIS- thigh bone
33)[line 45]פרסאותPARSA'OS (MEASURES OF LENGTH AND DISTANCE)
(a)The Talmud uses the following standards for measuring distance:
1.3 Parsa'os = 24,000 Amos = 90 Ris = 12 Mil
2.1 Parsah = 8,000 Amos = 30 Ris = 4 Mil
3.1 Mil = 2,000 Amos = 7.5 Ris
4.1 Ris (or Rus) = 266.66 Amos
5.1 Amah = 2 Zerasos = 6 Tefachim
6.1 Zeres = 3 Tefachim
7.1 Tefach = 4 Etzba'os
(b)In modern-day units, the Mil is approximately 912, 960 or 1,152 meters, depending upon the differing Halachic opinions. Thus, the Parsah is approximately 3,648, 3,840 or 4,608 meters, and three Parsa'os are approximately 11, 11.52 or 13.82 kilometers.
34)[line 48]ננסNANAS- a midget
35)[last line]אדא דיילאADA DAYLA- Ada, the attendant to the Rabbis