(Mishnah): In monetary cases or questions of Tum'ah, the greatest Chacham begins (gives his opinion). In capital cases, we begin from the side (not the greatest Chacham).

Everyone (even a Mamzer) may judge monetary cases, but not everyone may judge capital cases, only Kohanim, Leviyim or Yisraelim who may marry into Kehunah.

(Gemara - Rebbi): "Lo Sa'aneh Al Riv" - it is written [without a Yud, like] Rav. Do not give your opinion after the Rav, rather, before the Rav. (TZAFNAS PANE'ACH - Rebbi says so even for monetary cases.)

(R. Yosi ben Chaninah): "Lo Sa'aneh Al Riv" - it is written Rav. Do not give your opinion before the Rav, rather, after the Rav. (The verse discusses monetary cases.)

(R. Yosi ben Chaninah): "Lo Sa'aneh" - even after 100 (i.e. many judges gave their opinions, one may not give his opinion after the Rav. Therefore, the Rav speaks last); R. Pinchas says so.

(R. Chilkiyah citing R. Simon): R. Yochanan and Reish Lakish argued - one of them said that our Dinim are like their Dinim (also Bnei Noach start from the side), and one said that our Dinim are not like their Dinim.

Question #1: The one who said that our Dinim are like their Dinim, [the following] is fine - but the one who said that our Dinim are not like their Dinim, how does he explain "va'Yomer Yehudah" (he was not the oldest, yet he was first to say not to kill Yosef; before Matan Torah, they were like Bnei Noach) "va'Yomer Memuchan" (he was listed last among Achashverosh's advisors, yet he spoke first)?

Question #2: [According to the opinion that our Dinim are not like their Dinim,] what is the source that we begin capital cases from the side?

Answer (Shmuel ha'Zaken in front of R. Acha): 'Va'Yomer David la'Anashav Chigru Ish Es Charbo", and afterwards [David girded his sword and] they sat to judge Naval.

(R. Teima bar Papiyas citing R. Hoshaya): Even regarding Pesulim of [lineage of] a family, we begin from the side (it is like capital cases).

Everyone is Kosher to judge monetary cases. R. Yehudah says, even Mamzerim.

R. Yehudah says, we are not particular about [a boy of] 13 [years. to check for two hairs before accepting him to be a judge for monetary cases - Hagahah in TZAFNAS PANE'ACH].

It says "Lo Sateh Mishpat Evyoncha b'Rivo", but you tilt the law of an ox (we kill it through a majority of one).

(Abaye citing R. Yochanan): [Even though it is sentenced through 23 judges, it is like monetary cases] in [all other] differences between monetary cases and capital cases.

How many [such] differences are there? We learned nine in our Mishnayos. (Gilyon Efrayim - there are nine who can judge an ox, but not capital cases. We do not count 23 judges, for this applies also to an ox.)

R. Chiyah taught that there are 11. What are the two others? They are a Seris, and anyone who did not see (have) children. He is Kosher for monetary cases, but not for capital cases.

(R. Avahu citing R. Yochanan): Also one who is less than 20 and he did not bring (i.e. we do not know that he brought) two hairs, he is Kosher for monetary cases, but not for capital cases, and he can sit to judge an ox. (TZAFNAS PANE'ACH - we rely on Rava's Chazakah that a boy brings two hairs immediately after 13 years for monetary cases, but not for capital cases.)

(R. Yosi ben Chaninah): There are 13. What are the two others? [They are R. Avahu's case, and] we may judge two monetary cases in one day, but we do not judge two capital cases in one day.

(R. Avin): Even an adulterer and an adulteress [if they receive different deaths, e.g. she is a Bas Kohen and is burned, and he is choked, are not judged in one day.]