1)

What is the meaning of "Rash Oseh Chaf Remiyah"?

1.

Rashi #1: One who is poor in Torah, he gives false rulings. Chaf Remiyah is a fraudulent scale.

2.

Rashi #2: The simple meaning discusses merchants. (A fraudulent scale will cause him to be punished with poverty.)

3.

R. Yonah: Oseh Chaf Remiyah - one who uses deceptive intents to carry out plots of fraud, in the end he will be Rash; his hand will wax poor. Rash is written full (with an Aleph), to teach that even if now he is a Rosh and officer [in the end he will be poor].

4.

Malbim: Chaf is only the palm. A Ramai's palm will not make him rich, rather, poor. He is not diligent to bring his income via the work of his Yad (the entire hand).

2)

What is "Yad Charutzim"?

1.

Rashi: Straight people, who are diligent to do truthfully without fraud.

2.

R. Yonah: They are zealous. They eat the toil of their hands, and not from oppression.

3.

Malbim: It is one who is diligent to work with his entire hand and strength.

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