1)

What is the meaning of "va'Yachmos ka'Gan Suko"?

1.

Rav Sadya Gaon: He removed His shade. Rid - va'Yachmos is an expression of removal, like "Chamsu Torasi" (Yechezkel 22:26). The Creator's Sukah, which shielded me, now He removed it.

2.

Rashi: He cut off. The same applies to "Yachmos ka'Gefen" (Iyov 15:33), "Nechmesu Akevayich" (Yirmeyah 13:22). Ka'Gan is like people shear garden vegetables. Suko is His dwelling. It is written with a Sin, for Shichech (He assuaged) His anger 1 against His children via destroying His house (Eichah Rabah 2:10).

3.

Ibn Ezra 2 : He revealed, like "Nechmesu Akevayich." Suko is the place of the Dvir (Kodesh ha'Kodoshim). Suko is like "Sukaso" (Tehilim 18:12), just like it says "Chuko" (Mishlei 8:29) in place of Chukaso. "Ka'Gan" - when its leaves drop [and the branches are revealed].

4.

Ri Kara: Va'Yachmos is revealing, like "Kohaneha Chamsu Torasi" (Yechezkel 22:26; they were Megaleh (explained) Torah unlike the Halachah) and "Niglu Shulayich Nechmesu Akevayich." Suko is Tziyon - "va'Yhi v'Shalem Suko u'Me'unaso v'Tziyon" (Tehilim 76:3).


1

R. Avigdor: (He assuaged) His anger via exiling [Yisrael]. This is why it says "Mizmor l'Asaf Elokim Ba'u Goyim b'Nachalasecha" (Tehilim 79:1). It is not called Kinah (lamentation), for via venting His anger on wood and rocks, He left a remnant in Yisrael (Rashi Kidushin 31a; Brachos 7b says similarly).

2

I understood this due to the Magihah in Toras Chayim.

2)

What is "Mo'ado"?

1.

Rashi: It is the Kodesh ha'Kodoshim, which He designated to meet with His children - "v'No'adti Lecha Sham" (Shemos 25:22). Ibn Ezra - this is like "Ba'ei Mo'ed" (above, 1:4).

2.

R. Avigdor: It is spelled without a Vov, to hint to six yearly Mo'adim - Pesach, Shavu'os, Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kipur, Sukos and Shemini Atzeres 1 .

3.

Palgei Mayim: Suko is the Kodesh ha'Kodoshim; Mo'ado is the Beis ha'Mikdash.


1

Shemini Atzeres is a separate Regel, unlike the seventh day of Pesach. R. Avigdor explains Mo'ado to refer to the Regalim, unlike he explains Mo'ed later in this verse (refer to 2:6:3:3 - PF).

3)

What are "Mo'ed v'Shabbos", and how did He make them forgotten?

1.

Rav Sadya Gaon: [He ceased] gatherings and days of cessation from working.

2.

Ri Kara: From the time of the Churban, people do not ascend for the festivals 1 .

3.

R. Avigdor citing Eichah Rabah 2:10: He would not make His Mo'adim and Shabbos forgotten! Rather, He ceased the Shabbosos 2 and Mo'adim that Yaravam "Bada mi'Libo" (Melachim I, 12:33). Mi'Libo is written "Milvad", like "Milvad Shabsos Hashem" (Vayikra 23:38).

4.

Palgei Mayim: He made [Yom Tov and Shabbos] forgotten, amidst great afflictions.


1

I do not understand how this explains making Shabbos forgotten. (PF)

2

I do not know a source that Yaravam concocted Shabbosos. If you will say that Yom Tov is called Shabason, it would suffice to say Mo'adim! (PF)

4)

Who are "Melech v'Chohen", and how did He despise them?

1.

Rashi: Tzidkiyah and Serayah Kohen Gadol. Rav Sadya Gaon - He distanced them disgracefully.

2.

Ibn Ezra: The Kohen teaches the Mitzvos, and the king uses his power to ensure that people guard them. The Torah was given to both of them.

3.

Palgei Mayim: Melech is Malchus Beis David. He ignored [the merit of] David, who swore not to sleep until he finds place for Hashem to dwell (Tehilim 132:2-5). He profaned the Kohanim, who are primarily to serve in the Mikdash.

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