1)

What is the meaning of "Naham ka'Kfir Eimas Melech"?

1.

R. Yonah: A man should fear the king even if he does not rebuke a person, like [one fears].

2.

Malbim: It already says "Naham ka'Kfir Za'af Melech" (19:12). When the king is angry, no one should approach him, just like a hungry young lion in its abode. Surely it will tear! Here it teaches that even when a king is pleased, and one can approach him, he must be careful with fear of the king. Eimah is fear due to his high level. One must not pass the laws of Eimah. Eimah warns not to be frivolous, not to use [the king's] staff, and to be careful with fear of him. One who transgresses these laws is Chayav Misah and sins against his Nefesh. One who approaches him without concern for this, is like approaching a lion in its abode.

2)

What is "Mis'abero [Chotei Nafsho]"?

1.

Rashi: It angers him.

2.

R. Yonah: One whom the king is angry at him 1 , he sins against his Nefesh (causes his own death). Mis'abero is like Mis'aber Imo, just like "va'Yilachamuni" (Tehilim 109:3) is like Nilchamu Bi. He should not say in his heart that it is Ones - he did not think that the king would get angry over something like this - he is called negligent. One should fear the king, and speak in front of him only what surely will not bother him. The verse is after "Letz ha'Yayin", for it is improper to speak to the king after drinking, until the [effects of] the wine left him. 'Shasuy' is one who cannot speak in front of the king (Eruvin 64a).


1

R. Yonah: Do not explain that one who gets angry at the king, he sins against his Nefesh. Shlomo would not need to teach this. Everyone knows it!

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